Pharmacology thesis topics for MD/DNB

Pharmacology thesis topics for MD/DNB

Below is the current list of 100 free pharmacology thesis topics for MD and DNB candidates. Each title uses a prescription-based, pharmacovigilance, questionnaire-based, record-based or comparative design that a postgraduate department can complete from the prescriptions and case records already passing through its own hospital, without prospective follow-up. Every topic generates a complete pharmacology protocol and pharmacology synopsis in editable format. For more topics you can avail the service of premium Pharmacology thesis topics.

Last reviewed and updated: August 2026

📌 Updated for 2026–2027 MD Pharmacology admissions

This pharmacology thesis topic list is updated for the 2026–27 academic cycle. Topics are reviewed against recent dissertations, examiner preferences, feasibility in Indian medical colleges, and publication trends in the field of pharmacology.

  • Designs that avoid prospective follow-up and fit within postgraduate timelines
  • Topics achievable from routine outpatient prescriptions, case records and pharmacovigilance data
  • Options with strong potential for publication
Generate a protocol from any topic below

Select Generate Protocol → beside any title and receive a submission-ready document built around that topic, containing all eighteen components:

  • Introduction / Synopsis
  • Research Question
  • Aim of the Study
  • Primary Objective
  • Secondary Objectives
  • Materials and Methods
  • Inclusion Criteria
  • Exclusion Criteria
  • Sample Size Calculation
  • Methodology
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Ethical Considerations
  • Review of Literature
  • References
  • Gantt Chart / Study Timeline
  • Patient Information Sheet
  • Consent Form
  • Data Collection Form

Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions

  1. Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions Reported to the Pharmacovigilance Centre of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Assessment of Causality, Severity and Preventability of Reported Adverse Drug Reactions at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  3. Comparative Analysis of Adverse Drug Reaction Patterns among Male and Female Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Pattern of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions Reported at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  5. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Pharmacovigilance among Resident Doctors: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study
  6. Comparative Assessment of Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting among Medical and Nursing Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Pattern of Serious Adverse Drug Reactions Reported to a Pharmacovigilance Centre and Assessment of Suspected Drug Classes: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting among Community Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Antimicrobial Agents Reported at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  10. Comparative Assessment of Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Awareness among Undergraduate and Postgraduate Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prescription Pattern and Drug Utilisation Studies

  1. Prescription Pattern and Drug Utilisation among Patients Attending the General Medicine Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Drug Utilisation Pattern among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  3. Prescription Pattern of Antihypertensive Medicines among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Drug Utilisation Pattern among Patients with Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  5. Comparative Assessment of Prescribing Patterns in Government and Private Healthcare Facilities Using World Health Organization Prescribing Indicators: A Cross-Sectional Study
  6. Evaluation of Prescription Patterns among Geriatric Patients Attending the General Medicine Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Drug Utilisation Pattern among Paediatric Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  8. Assessment of Polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use among Geriatric Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Evaluation of Prescription Completeness and Rationality in Outpatient Prescriptions at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Comparative Evaluation of Generic and Brand-Name Drug Prescribing Patterns in Outpatient Departments: A Cross-Sectional Study

Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Stewardship

  1. Pattern of Antimicrobial Prescribing among Inpatients of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Drug Utilisation Study
  2. Assessment of Rationality of Antimicrobial Prescriptions in the General Medicine Department: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  3. Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Prescribing Patterns in Medical and Surgical Departments: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Pattern of Antimicrobial Use in Paediatric Inpatients at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Drug Utilisation Study
  5. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Antimicrobial Resistance among Resident Doctors: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study
  6. Comparative Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Rational Antimicrobial Use among Undergraduate and Postgraduate Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Evaluation of Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Prescribing Practices in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  8. Pattern of Reserve Antimicrobial Use among Hospitalised Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Assessment of Adherence of Antimicrobial Prescriptions to Institutional or Standard Treatment Guidelines: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit
  10. Association of Antimicrobial Prescribing Patterns with Microbiological Culture and Susceptibility Testing among Hospitalised Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study

Cardiovascular Pharmacology Thesis Topics

  1. Prescription Pattern of Antihypertensive Medicines among Patients with Essential Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Drug Utilisation Study
  2. Comparative Evaluation of Antihypertensive Monotherapy and Combination Therapy Prescribing Patterns at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Drug Utilisation Pattern among Patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  4. Prescription Pattern of Lipid-Lowering Medicines among Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Comparative Assessment of Antihypertensive Drug Utilisation among Male and Female Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
  6. Assessment of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions among Patients Receiving Cardiovascular Medications: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Pattern of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Drug Use among Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  8. Assessment of Adherence of Antihypertensive Prescriptions to Standard Treatment Guidelines: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit
  9. Comparative Evaluation of Cardiovascular Drug Prescribing Patterns among Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Assessment of Polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate Cardiovascular Medication Use among Elderly Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Endocrine and Antidiabetic Pharmacology

  1. Drug Utilisation Pattern of Antidiabetic Medicines among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Comparative Assessment of Oral Antidiabetic Drug Prescribing Patterns among Male and Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Pattern of Monotherapy and Combination Therapy among Patients Receiving Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  4. Association of Antidiabetic Drug Regimens with Glycated Haemoglobin Levels among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  5. Assessment of Adherence of Antidiabetic Prescriptions to Standard Treatment Guidelines: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit
  6. Pattern of Insulin Prescribing and Utilisation among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Comparative Evaluation of Antidiabetic Drug Utilisation among Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Assessment of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions among Patients Receiving Antidiabetic Medications: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  9. Drug Utilisation Pattern among Patients with Thyroid Disorders Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Insulin Use and Storage among Patients Receiving Insulin Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study

Neuropsychopharmacology Thesis Topics

  1. Drug Utilisation Pattern of Antidepressant Medicines among Patients Attending a Psychiatry Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Prescription Pattern of Antipsychotic Medicines among Patients with Schizophrenia at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  3. Comparative Evaluation of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotic Prescribing Patterns in Patients with Psychotic Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Pattern of Benzodiazepine Prescribing among Patients Attending a Psychiatry Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Drug Utilisation Study
  5. Assessment of Polypharmacy among Patients Receiving Psychotropic Medications: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  6. Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Antipsychotic Medicines at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Comparative Assessment of Psychotropic Drug Utilisation among Male and Female Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Assessment of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Prescriptions Containing Multiple Psychotropic Medicines: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Prescription Pattern of Antiepileptic Medicines among Patients with Epilepsy Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  10. Comparative Evaluation of Antiepileptic Drug Prescribing Patterns among Patients Receiving Monotherapy and Polytherapy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Analgesics and Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use

  1. Prescription Pattern of Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Medicines among Patients Attending an Orthopaedics Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Drug Utilisation Pattern of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  3. Comparative Evaluation of Analgesic Prescribing Patterns in Medical and Surgical Outpatient Departments: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Assessment of Gastroprotective Drug Co-Prescription among Patients Receiving Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Assessment of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Prescriptions Containing Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  6. Pattern of Analgesic Use among Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Drug Utilisation Study
  7. Comparative Assessment of Analgesic Prescribing Patterns among Adult and Geriatric Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Over-the-Counter Analgesic Use among Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study
  9. Pattern of Self-Medication with Analgesics among Healthcare Students: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  10. Assessment of Rationality of Analgesic Prescriptions in a Tertiary Care Hospital Using Standard Treatment Guidelines: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit

Respiratory and Allergy Pharmacology

  1. Drug Utilisation Pattern among Patients with Bronchial Asthma Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Prescription Pattern of Inhaled Medicines among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  3. Comparative Evaluation of Drug Prescribing Patterns in Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Assessment of Inhaler Technique among Patients Receiving Inhaled Medications for Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Association of Inhaler Technique with Patient Knowledge Regarding Inhaled Medications: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  6. Prescription Pattern of Antihistamines among Patients Attending Dermatology and Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Departments: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Assessment of Rationality of Prescriptions for Allergic Rhinitis at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit
  8. Comparative Assessment of Metered-Dose Inhaler and Dry-Powder Inhaler Technique among Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Medicines Used for Respiratory Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  10. Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Inhaler Use among Patients with Bronchial Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study

Medication Safety, Polypharmacy and Drug Interactions

  1. Prevalence and Pattern of Polypharmacy among Geriatric Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Assessment of Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use among Geriatric Patients Using Standard Screening Criteria: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Pattern and Severity of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions among Hospitalised Patients Receiving Polypharmacy: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  4. Comparative Assessment of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions among Adult and Geriatric Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Association of Number of Prescribed Medicines with Potential Drug-Drug Interactions among Hospitalised Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  6. Assessment of Medication Errors in Prescriptions Generated in Outpatient Departments of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit
  7. Pattern of Prescription Errors in Handwritten and Electronic Prescriptions: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Assessment of Potential Drug-Disease Interactions among Geriatric Patients with Multiple Comorbidities: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Comparative Evaluation of Polypharmacy among Patients with Single and Multiple Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Assessment of High-Risk Medication Prescribing among Hospitalised Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Rational Drug Use, Essential Medicines and Generic Prescribing

  1. Assessment of Prescribing Practices Using World Health Organization Core Drug Use Indicators in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Evaluation of Generic Drug Prescribing and Adherence to the National List of Essential Medicines in Outpatient Prescriptions: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit
  3. Comparative Assessment of Generic Prescribing Practices among Different Clinical Departments of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Generic Medicines among Resident Doctors: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study
  5. Comparative Assessment of Perceptions Regarding Generic Medicines among Doctors and Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Study
  6. Evaluation of Fixed-Dose Combination Prescribing Patterns in Outpatient Departments of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Assessment of Rationality of Fixed-Dose Combination Prescriptions with Reference to Essential Medicine Lists and Standard Treatment Guidelines: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Comparative Evaluation of Prescription Costs of Branded and Generic Medicines for Common Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Pharmacoeconomic Study
  9. Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Rational Drug Prescribing among Medical Interns and Resident Doctors: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Comparative Assessment of Prescribing Indicators among General Medicine, Surgery and Paediatrics Outpatient Departments of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

Subscribing to the premium thesis topics not only lets you browse the full premium list, it also gives you online guidance (guidance doesnt mean complete protocol) on synopsis writing, sample size calculation, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and support throughout thesis writing. If you do not subscribe, please still feel free to contact me for guidance.

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Studying outside India?

The topics above work as research questions anywhere — what changes is the document your institution expects. Two different routes, depending on which applies to you.

PhD and Master's candidates — Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, the Gulf and beyond

University graduate programmes in Pharmacology and the basic medical sciences generally require a full research proposal of roughly 6,000 to 10,000 words, with an extended literature review, a theoretical framework and a detailed methodology chapter — considerably longer and deeper than a residency proposal. These are written individually, by a medical doctor, with no artificial intelligence generation and no plagiarism, and revised until your supervisor accepts them.

Enquire about a PhD research proposal →

Board residents — SCFHS, Arab Board, OMSB, KIMS, QCHP, NHRA, DHA and DOH

In Gulf training programmes the equivalent of an Indian synopsis is the research proposal submitted to your IRB before a research project begins. The format differs from the Indian one: it additionally requires a Gantt chart, a budget and resources section, and a Declaration of Helsinki statement.

Generate a residency research proposal →

🔥 Trending research areas in Pharmacology for 2026–27

Based on recent thesis submissions and examiner preferences in MD Pharmacology departments across India, these are the emerging high-interest areas:

  • Antimicrobial stewardship and audits of reserve antimicrobial use
  • Polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescribing in geriatric patients
  • Prescription audits against the National List of Essential Medicines and standard treatment guidelines
  • Pharmacovigilance signal patterns and causality assessment of reported adverse drug reactions

Protocol and synopsis guidance

What a pharmacology protocol must contain

A pharmacology protocol is judged on internal consistency: the research question, objectives, methodology and statistical plan must all describe the same study. The primary objective should be a single measurable endpoint — one prescribing indicator, one pattern, one comparison — with everything else demoted to secondary objectives.

The methodology must name the instrument or standard against which prescriptions will be judged, because almost every pharmacology dissertation rests on one. State whether you will apply the World Health Organization core prescribing indicators, the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification with defined daily doses, the National List of Essential Medicines, an institutional or national standard treatment guideline, a named screening tool for inappropriate prescribing in the elderly, a named interaction-checking database, or the Naranjo scale and World Health Organization Uppsala Monitoring Centre criteria for causality with the Hartwig and Siegel scale for severity. Give the version and year of whichever you use, since these are revised and an examiner will ask which edition was applied.

Define the sampling frame precisely: which outpatient departments or wards, which days of the week, how prescriptions will be selected, and over what period. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are written for prescriptions or records, not patients — exclude illegible prescriptions, incomplete records, and repeat visits by the same patient where each encounter would otherwise be counted twice. Where a questionnaire is used, name the validated instrument or describe how a study-specific one was developed, pilot-tested and validated.

Pharmacology synopsis versus pharmacology protocol

A pharmacology synopsis is the condensed document of two to four pages — title, introduction, aim and objectives, brief methodology, sample size and references — submitted for registration of the dissertation topic. The pharmacology protocol is the expanded version of twelve to twenty pages carrying the full review of literature, detailed methodology including the assessment tools and their versions, statistical plan, study timeline and annexures including the information sheet, consent form and data collection proforma.

In practice the synopsis is extracted from the protocol rather than written separately, which is faster and produces a more coherent document. Check your university's prescribed proforma before submission, since rejections on formatting grounds are common and entirely avoidable.

Sample size and statistical analysis

Most pharmacology dissertations estimate a proportion — the percentage of prescriptions containing an antimicrobial, the prevalence of polypharmacy, the proportion of encounters with a potential interaction — so a proportion-based calculation is expected, using the figure reported in a comparable published study, the desired absolute precision and the confidence level, with the source cited. Where two groups are compared, the calculation rests on the difference in proportions you consider meaningful. Note that the World Health Organization prescribing indicator methodology suggests a minimum of six hundred encounters for a facility-level assessment, and committees familiar with that figure will expect it to be addressed where those indicators are used.

Name the tests rather than promising that data will be analysed. Descriptive work reports frequencies and percentages with confidence intervals, and prescribing indicators are reported as means with standard deviations. Comparison of proportions between departments, sexes or facility types uses the chi-squared test, with Fisher's exact test for small cells. Comparison of the average number of drugs per encounter uses the independent t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test, with a stated normality test deciding between them, and comparison across three or more departments calls for analysis of variance. Association between the number of prescribed medicines and the number of potential interactions uses the Spearman coefficient, and where two assessors independently rate causality or appropriateness, report inter-rater agreement using a kappa statistic.

Frequently Asked Questions – Pharmacology Thesis Topics (2026–27)

1. How do I choose a feasible thesis topic in Pharmacology for the 2026–27 academic year?

Start with access rather than interest. Prescription-based and record-based studies depend entirely on a clinical department agreeing to let you collect from their outpatient queue or case files, so establish which departments your guide already has a working relationship with before shortlisting. A polypharmacy study in geriatrics is not viable if that department will not cooperate.

Then check volume and completeness. Count how many prescriptions a chosen outpatient department generates on a study day, and inspect a sample for legibility and completeness. Finally, confirm the gap: prescription pattern studies are among the most published designs in Indian pharmacology, so your question needs an angle that comparable centres have not already reported.

2. Which study designs are commonly accepted for MD Pharmacology theses?

Cross-sectional prescription-based drug utilisation studies account for the largest share of accepted pharmacology dissertations, followed by prescription audits against a defined standard, pharmacovigilance studies profiling reported adverse drug reactions, and questionnaire-based knowledge, attitude and practice studies among prescribers, students or patients.

Comparative designs contrasting two departments, two facility types or two patient groups are equally well established. Clinical trials are generally not feasible at postgraduate level in a non-clinical department, and designs requiring prospective follow-up seldom fit within the available time.

3. What should I discuss with my guide before finalising a Pharmacology thesis topic?

Bring three to five shortlisted titles rather than one, since guides frequently rule out a topic on grounds you could not have known — an ongoing departmental study, a clinical department that has declined access before, a pharmacovigilance database with too few reports to analyse.

Settle four things in that meeting: which clinical departments will grant access and who will write to them, which assessment tool or guideline you will judge prescriptions against, whether a second assessor is available for causality or appropriateness ratings, and which journal the eventual paper is aimed at.

4. Can a pharmacology thesis be completed without conducting a clinical trial?

Yes, and almost all of them are. Drug utilisation studies, prescription audits, pharmacovigilance analyses, drug interaction assessments, pharmacoeconomic cost comparisons and questionnaire-based studies all avoid interventional design entirely, need no drug administration, and are routinely accepted by Indian universities. Every topic listed above falls into these categories.

5. What is the difference between a pharmacology synopsis and a pharmacology protocol?

The synopsis is the condensed two to four page document submitted for topic registration. The protocol is the full document of twelve to twenty pages containing the detailed review of literature, methodology with the assessment tools and their versions, statistical plan, timeline and annexures. The synopsis is normally extracted from the completed protocol.

6. What ethical clearance does a prescription-based dissertation need?

Institutional ethics committee approval is required before data collection even where no patient is approached. Studies analysing existing prescriptions or case records may be granted a waiver of consent, but this must be applied for explicitly, with the protocol setting out how prescriptions will be anonymised, where data will be stored and who will have access. Where patients are interviewed, inhaler technique is observed, or a questionnaire is administered, full written informed consent is required. Studies recruiting resident doctors or students should state how voluntariness is protected given the hierarchy involved. Clearance commonly takes six to ten weeks and retrospective approval is not granted.

7. Do I need permission from clinical departments to collect prescriptions?

Yes, and it is the step most often left until too late. Written permission from the head of each clinical department, and usually from the medical superintendent, is needed before you can collect prescriptions or access case records. Name the departments in the protocol and state who will obtain permission. Where the study uses pharmacovigilance data, permission from the coordinator of the adverse drug reaction monitoring centre is also required, and it is worth confirming in advance how many reports the database actually holds for your period of interest.

8. Is a PhD research proposal different from an MD synopsis?

Substantially. A PhD proposal in pharmacology typically runs 6,000 to 10,000 words and carries an extended critical literature review, a theoretical framework, a detailed methodology chapter and a discussion of expected contribution to the field. An MD synopsis is a two to four page registration document. The research question can be the same; the depth expected is not.

9. When should I register my pharmacology thesis topic?

Most universities require registration within six to nine months of joining. Shortlist in the first two months, finalise with your guide by the third, and file for ethics clearance and departmental permissions immediately afterwards, since permission from clinical departments can take as long as ethics clearance itself.

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