Oto-Rhino-Laryngology (ENT)

ENT THESIS TOPICS FOR MD/DNB

ent thesis topics

Below is the current list of 100 free ENT thesis topics for MS and DNB candidates in Otorhinolaryngology. Each title uses a cross-sectional, audiological, clinicoradiological or record-based design that a postgraduate can complete from patients already attending the outpatient department, audiology room and operation theatre, without prospective follow-up. Every topic generates a complete ENT protocol and ENT synopsis in editable format, so a shortlisted title from this list of otorhinolaryngology thesis topics becomes a submission-ready document immediately. For more topics you can avail the service of premium ENT thesis topics.

Last reviewed and updated: August 2026

📌 Updated for 2026–2027 MS Otorhinolaryngology admissions

This ENT thesis topic list is updated for the 2026–27 academic cycle. Topics are reviewed against recent dissertations, examiner preferences, feasibility in Indian medical colleges, and publication trends in otorhinolaryngology.

  • Designs that avoid prospective follow-up and fit within postgraduate timelines
  • Topics achievable with routine audiometry, endoscopy, imaging and outpatient case material
  • Options with strong potential for publication
Generate a protocol from any topic below

Select Generate Protocol → beside any title and receive a submission-ready document built around that topic, containing all eighteen components:

  • Introduction / Synopsis
  • Research Question
  • Aim of the Study
  • Primary Objective
  • Secondary Objectives
  • Materials and Methods
  • Inclusion Criteria
  • Exclusion Criteria
  • Sample Size Calculation
  • Methodology
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Ethical Considerations
  • Review of Literature
  • References
  • Gantt Chart / Study Timeline
  • Patient Information Sheet
  • Consent Form
  • Data Collection Form

Inner Ear and Audiology Thesis Topics

  1. Audiological Profile of Patients Presenting with Sensorineural Hearing Loss at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  2. Association of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Pure-Tone Audiometric Thresholds in Adults: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Comparative Evaluation of Hearing Thresholds in Patients with and without Essential Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Association of Glycaemic Control with Severity of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  5. Audiological Profile of Patients with Tinnitus and Its Association with Degree of Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study
  6. Comparative Assessment of High-Frequency Hearing Thresholds in Personal Listening Device Users and Non-Users: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Prevalence and Pattern of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss among Individuals with Occupational Noise Exposure: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  8. Association of Duration of Occupational Noise Exposure with Audiometric Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  9. Comparative Evaluation of Pure-Tone Audiometry and Otoacoustic Emission Findings among Adults with and without Noise Exposure: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Clinical and Audiological Profile of Patients Presenting with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Middle Ear Thesis Topics

  1. Clinical and Audiological Profile of Patients with Chronic Otitis Media: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  2. Comparative Evaluation of Hearing Loss in Mucosal and Squamous Types of Chronic Otitis Media: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Association of Size and Site of Tympanic Membrane Perforation with Degree of Conductive Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  4. Comparative Assessment of Hearing Loss in Anterior and Posterior Tympanic Membrane Perforations: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Clinical and Audiological Profile of Patients with Otitis Media with Effusion: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  6. Correlation of Otoscopic Findings with Pure-Tone Audiometry in Patients with Chronic Otitis Media: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  7. Comparative Evaluation of Pure-Tone Audiometry and Tympanometry in Patients with Middle Ear Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Ear Discharge in Patients with Chronic Otitis Media: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Association of Ossicular Chain Status with Degree of Hearing Loss in Patients with Chronic Otitis Media Undergoing Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  10. Clinical, Audiological and Radiological Profile of Patients with Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

External Ear Thesis Topics

  1. Clinical Profile of Patients with Otitis Externa Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  2. Microbiological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Acute Otitis Externa: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Comparative Evaluation of Clinical and Microbiological Profiles of Otitis Externa in Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Clinical and Microbiological Profile of Otomycosis among Patients Attending an Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Distribution of Fungal Species Isolated from Patients with Otomycosis: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  6. Association of Predisposing Factors with Occurrence of Otomycosis among Patients Presenting with External Ear Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  7. Clinical Profile and Pattern of External Auditory Canal Foreign Bodies among Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Comparative Assessment of External Ear Dimensions among Adult Males and Females: A Cross-Sectional Morphometric Study
  9. Spectrum of Congenital External Ear Anomalies among Patients Attending an Otorhinolaryngology Department: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  10. Clinical Profile of External Ear Trauma and Its Association with Mechanism of Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nose and Paranasal Sinuses

  1. Clinical and Computed Tomography Profile of Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  2. Association of Anatomical Variations of the Osteomeatal Complex with Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Computed Tomography: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  3. Prevalence and Pattern of Deviated Nasal Septum among Patients Presenting with Nasal Obstruction: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Comparative Evaluation of Clinical and Computed Tomography Findings in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Association of Lund-Mackay Computed Tomography Score with Symptom Severity in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  6. Clinical Profile and Predisposing Factors of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  7. Comparative Assessment of Nasal Symptoms in Patients with Allergic and Non-Allergic Rhinitis: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Prevalence of Concha Bullosa and Other Sinonasal Anatomical Variations on Computed Tomography of the Paranasal Sinuses: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Association of Deviated Nasal Septum with Paranasal Sinus Disease on Computed Tomography: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  10. Clinical and Radiological Profile of Patients with Sinonasal Polyposis Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Tonsils, Pharynx, Larynx and Vocal Cord

  1. Clinical Profile and Microbiological Pattern of Patients with Chronic Tonsillitis: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  2. Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Tonsillar Specimens in Patients with Chronic Tonsillitis: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Comparative Evaluation of Surface and Core Tonsillar Bacterial Flora in Patients Undergoing Tonsillectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting with Hoarseness of Voice at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  5. Spectrum of Laryngeal Findings among Patients Presenting with Hoarseness: A Cross-Sectional Study
  6. Association of Smoking with Laryngoscopic Findings among Adults Presenting with Hoarseness of Voice: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  7. Comparative Evaluation of Benign and Malignant Vocal Cord Lesions with Respect to Clinical Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Clinicopathological Profile of Vocal Cord Lesions Diagnosed at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  9. Association of Voice Handicap with Laryngoscopic Findings in Patients with Benign Vocal Cord Lesions: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  10. Clinical and Histopathological Spectrum of Laryngeal Lesions among Patients Undergoing Biopsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Epistaxis Thesis Topics

  1. Aetiological and Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting with Epistaxis to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  2. Association of Hypertension with Severity and Site of Epistaxis in Adult Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  3. Comparative Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics of Anterior and Posterior Epistaxis: A Cross-Sectional Study
  4. Pattern of Epistaxis across Different Age Groups Presenting to an Otorhinolaryngology Emergency Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Association of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Drug Use with Clinical Severity of Epistaxis: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  6. Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Patients Presenting with Recurrent Epistaxis: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  7. Comparative Assessment of Epistaxis among Patients with and without Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Association of Haematological Parameters with Severity of Epistaxis among Adult Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  9. Clinical Profile and Aetiological Spectrum of Epistaxis among Paediatric Patients: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  10. Distribution of Local and Systemic Risk Factors among Patients Presenting with Epistaxis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Drugs and Therapeutics in Otorhinolaryngology

  1. Prescription Pattern of Antimicrobial Agents in Patients Attending an Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Drug Utilisation Study
  2. Assessment of Rationality of Antimicrobial Prescribing in Common Otorhinolaryngological Infections: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit
  3. Drug Utilisation Pattern among Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  4. Comparative Evaluation of Medication Prescribing Patterns in Acute and Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Pattern of Topical Nasal Decongestant Use among Patients Presenting with Chronic Nasal Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study
  6. Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Intranasal Corticosteroid Use among Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study
  7. Prescription Pattern of Antihistamines among Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Cross-Sectional Drug Utilisation Study
  8. Comparative Assessment of Generic and Brand-Name Drug Prescribing in an Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Assessment of Polypharmacy and Potential Drug-Drug Interactions among Elderly Patients Attending an Otorhinolaryngology Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Evaluation of Adherence of Otorhinolaryngology Prescriptions to the National List of Essential Medicines: A Cross-Sectional Prescription Audit

Hearing Loss and Deafness

  1. Prevalence and Pattern of Hearing Loss among Adults Attending an Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  2. Comparative Evaluation of Conductive, Sensorineural and Mixed Hearing Loss among Different Age Groups: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Prevalence of Hearing Impairment and Associated Factors among Elderly Adults: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  4. Association of Hearing Loss with Tinnitus among Adults Attending an Audiology Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  5. Comparative Evaluation of Hearing Thresholds among Individuals with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
  6. Association of Duration of Diabetes Mellitus with Degree of Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  7. Prevalence and Audiological Pattern of Hearing Loss among Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
  8. Comparative Assessment of Hearing Thresholds among Smokers and Non-Smokers: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Association of Personal Listening Device Usage with Hearing Thresholds among Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  10. Audiological Profile and Pattern of Hearing Impairment among School-Age Children Referred for Hearing Assessment: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Imaging in Otorhinolaryngology

  1. Correlation of Computed Tomography Findings with Clinical Severity in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  2. Prevalence of Anatomical Variations of the Paranasal Sinuses on Computed Tomography and Their Clinical Significance: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Computed Tomography Evaluation of Frontal Sinus Anatomical Variations among Adults: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  4. Radiological Profile of Temporal Bone Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Otitis Media: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Correlation of High-Resolution Computed Tomography Findings with Intraoperative Findings in Patients with Cholesteatoma: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  6. Comparative Evaluation of Clinical and Computed Tomography Findings in Patients with Sinonasal Masses: A Cross-Sectional Study
  7. Imaging Profile of Neck Space Infections among Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  8. Correlation of Ultrasonographic Characteristics with Cytological Findings in Patients with Cervical Lymphadenopathy: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  9. Comparative Evaluation of Ultrasonographic and Cytological Findings in Patients with Thyroid Nodules Presenting to an Otorhinolaryngology Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Computed Tomography Profile of Patients with Maxillofacial Trauma Presenting with Otorhinolaryngological Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Head and Neck Lesions and Malignancies

  1. Clinicopathological Profile of Head and Neck Malignancies Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  2. Distribution of Head and Neck Malignancies according to Anatomical Site, Age and Sex: A Cross-Sectional Study
  3. Association of Tobacco and Alcohol Use with Anatomical Site of Head and Neck Malignancy: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  4. Clinical and Histopathological Profile of Oral Cavity Malignancies Presenting to an Otorhinolaryngology Department: A Cross-Sectional Study
  5. Comparative Clinicopathological Evaluation of Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Cross-Sectional Study
  6. Clinical and Cytological Profile of Patients Presenting with Cervical Lymphadenopathy: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
  7. Correlation of Clinical Examination and Ultrasonographic Findings with Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Cervical Lymphadenopathy: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
  8. Clinicopathological Profile of Laryngeal Carcinoma and Its Association with Tobacco Exposure: A Cross-Sectional Study
  9. Comparative Evaluation of Benign and Malignant Neck Masses with Respect to Clinical and Cytological Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study
  10. Spectrum of Salivary Gland Lesions Diagnosed by Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology and Histopathology: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Subscribing to the premium thesis topics not only lets you browse the full premium list, it also gives you online guidance (guidance doesnt mean complete protocol) on synopsis writing, sample size calculation, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and support throughout thesis writing. If you do not subscribe, please still feel free to contact me for guidance.

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Studying outside India?

The topics above work as research questions anywhere — what changes is the document your institution expects. Two different routes, depending on which applies to you.

Board residents — SCFHS, Arab Board, OMSB, KIMS, QCHP, NHRA, DHA and DOH

Otorhinolaryngology residency across the Gulf carries a mandatory research requirement, and the equivalent of an Indian synopsis is the research proposal submitted to your IRB before a research project begins. The format differs from the Indian one: it additionally requires a Gantt chart, a budget and resources section, and a Declaration of Helsinki statement.

Generate a residency research proposal →

PhD and Master's candidates — Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, the Gulf and beyond

University graduate programmes generally require a full research proposal of roughly 6,000 to 10,000 words, with an extended literature review, a theoretical framework and a detailed methodology chapter — considerably longer and deeper than a residency proposal. These are written individually, by a medical doctor, with no artificial intelligence generation and no plagiarism, and revised until your supervisor accepts them.

Enquire about a PhD research proposal →

🔥 Trending research areas in ENT for 2026–27

Based on recent thesis submissions and examiner preferences in MS Otorhinolaryngology departments across India, these are the emerging high-interest areas:

  • Audiological associations with systemic disease, particularly diabetes and chronic kidney disease
  • Personal listening device use, occupational noise and high-frequency hearing thresholds
  • Computed tomography scoring and sinonasal anatomical variation in chronic rhinosinusitis
  • Radiological correlation with intraoperative findings in cholesteatoma and sinonasal disease

Protocol and synopsis guidance

What an ENT protocol must contain

An ENT protocol is judged on internal consistency: the research question, objectives, methodology and statistical plan must all describe the same study. The primary objective should be a single measurable endpoint — one threshold comparison, one correlation, one profile — with everything else demoted to secondary objectives.

Audiometric methodology needs more detail than candidates usually give, and it is the commonest reason ENT protocols are returned. State the audiometer make and model, the date and standard of its last calibration, that testing is conducted in a sound-treated room with ambient noise within permissible limits, which frequencies are tested, how the pure-tone average is computed and over which frequencies, and which classification of hearing impairment you are applying with its source. Tympanometry should name the probe tone frequency and the classification of tympanogram types. Where otoacoustic emissions are used, state the protocol and the pass criteria.

Name every scoring and classification system with its version: the Lund-Mackay computed tomography score, the Voice Handicap Index or another validated voice questionnaire, SNOT-22 or the symptom score you are using for rhinosinusitis, the mucosal and squamous terminology for chronic otitis media, and TNM staging for head and neck malignancy. For correlation studies — otoscopy against audiometry, computed tomography against intraoperative findings in cholesteatoma, ultrasonography against cytology — state who performs each assessment and whether that assessor is blinded to the other result, since an unblinded correlation is not a correlation. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are written for patients: exclude previous ear surgery, ototoxic drug exposure, occupational noise where it confounds, and patients in whom the reference investigation was not performed.

ENT synopsis versus ENT protocol

An ENT synopsis is the condensed document of two to four pages — title, introduction, aim and objectives, brief methodology, sample size and references — submitted for registration of the dissertation topic. The ENT protocol is the expanded version of twelve to twenty pages carrying the full review of literature, detailed methodology including audiometric standardisation and scoring systems, statistical plan, study timeline and annexures including the patient information sheet, consent form and data collection proforma.

In practice the synopsis is extracted from the protocol rather than written separately, which is faster and produces a more coherent document. Check your university's prescribed proforma before submission, since rejections on formatting grounds are common and entirely avoidable.

Sample size and statistical analysis

Comparative audiological studies — hearing thresholds in diabetics against controls, device users against non-users, smokers against non-smokers — use a calculation based on the difference in mean threshold you consider clinically meaningful and the standard deviation reported in a comparable published study, with the source cited. Prevalence and profile studies use a proportion-based calculation. Diagnostic accuracy studies such as computed tomography against intraoperative findings require a calculation based on expected sensitivity or specificity together with the expected prevalence of the finding, which is the step most often skipped.

Decide early whether your unit of analysis is the patient or the ear, and state it. Counting both ears of the same patient as independent observations is a specific statistical error in audiological research, and where both ears are included the analysis must account for the correlation between them rather than treating them as separate subjects. Examiners in this speciality look for that sentence.

Name the tests rather than promising that data will be analysed. Comparison of thresholds between two groups uses the independent t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test with a stated normality test; comparison across three or more groups or perforation sizes calls for analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis test with a post-hoc comparison. Proportions are compared with the chi-squared test, using Fisher's exact test for small cells. Correlation between a symptom score and a radiological score uses the Pearson or Spearman coefficient. Diagnostic accuracy studies report sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and accuracy with confidence intervals against the stated reference standard, with agreement expressed as a kappa statistic.

Frequently Asked Questions – ENT Thesis Topics (2026–27)

1. How do I choose a feasible ENT thesis topic for the 2026–27 academic year?

Start with two counts: outpatient volume in your chosen condition over the last twelve months, and how much audiometry time you can realistically book. Chronic otitis media, allergic rhinitis, hearing loss and epistaxis accrue readily in most units. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss, cholesteatoma and congenital ear anomalies may not, and a study needing three hundred audiograms will stall if the audiology room is shared with routine clinical work.

Then check what the study needs beyond routine care. Computed tomography, otoacoustic emissions, cultures and cytology depend on another department and often on funding. Finally, confirm the gap: audiological profile studies are heavily published in India, so your question needs a population or comparison that comparable centres have not already reported.

2. Which study designs are commonly accepted for MS Otorhinolaryngology theses?

Cross-sectional observational and analytical designs account for the large majority of accepted ENT dissertations. Clinical and audiological profile studies, comparative studies of hearing thresholds between two defined groups, correlation studies between a clinical or radiological finding and an audiometric or operative finding, and clinicopathological profiles of head and neck lesions are all well established.

Prescription audits and questionnaire-based studies form a further stream. Randomised comparisons of two surgical techniques are occasionally undertaken but need more time and case volume than a three-year course usually allows, and designs requiring postoperative audiometric follow-up risk incomplete data once patients stop attending.

3. What should I discuss with my guide before finalising an ENT thesis topic?

Bring three to five shortlisted titles rather than one, since guides frequently rule out a topic on grounds you could not have known — an ongoing departmental study, an audiometer awaiting calibration, a case category that has thinned out.

Settle four things in that meeting: outpatient and operative volume in your condition, audiology and imaging access along with who funds anything beyond routine, who performs and validates the audiometric or endoscopic assessment, and which journal the eventual paper is aimed at.

4. Can an ENT thesis be completed without operative or surgical data?

Yes, and a large share are. Audiological profiling, comparative threshold studies, prevalence of hearing impairment in a defined group, clinical and endoscopic profiling of nasal and laryngeal disease, prescription audits and questionnaire-based studies all draw entirely on outpatient and audiology-room work. Roughly two-thirds of the topics listed above need no operative findings at all.

5. What is the difference between an ENT synopsis and an ENT protocol?

The synopsis is the condensed two to four page document submitted for topic registration. The protocol is the full document of twelve to twenty pages containing the detailed review of literature, methodology with audiometric standardisation and scoring systems, statistical plan, timeline and annexures. The synopsis is normally extracted from the completed protocol.

6. What ethical clearance does an ENT dissertation need?

Full institutional ethics committee approval before any data collection, with written informed consent from every patient recruited. Purely record-based studies may be granted a waiver of consent, but this must be applied for explicitly with anonymisation and data storage set out. Studies recruiting children — paediatric epistaxis, school-age hearing assessment, otitis media with effusion — need written consent from a parent or guardian together with assent from the child where age permits, and the protocol should state the age at which assent will be sought. Studies on workers with occupational noise exposure additionally need permission from the employer or factory management, which is often overlooked and can take longer than ethics clearance itself. Clearance commonly takes six to ten weeks and retrospective approval is not granted.

7. What audiometric details must the protocol specify?

The audiometer make and model, the date and standard of its most recent calibration, confirmation that testing takes place in a sound-treated room with ambient noise within permissible limits, the frequencies tested, how the pure-tone average is calculated and over which frequencies, the classification of hearing impairment applied with its source, and who performs the test. Where masking is required, say so. This paragraph is short, and its absence is the single most common reason audiological protocols are sent back for revision.

8. Is a PhD research proposal different from an MS synopsis?

Substantially. A PhD proposal typically runs 6,000 to 10,000 words and carries an extended critical literature review, a theoretical framework, a detailed methodology chapter and a discussion of expected contribution to the field. An MS synopsis is a two to four page registration document. The research question can be the same; the depth expected is not.

9. When should I register my ENT thesis topic?

Most universities require registration within six to nine months of joining. Shortlist in the first two months, finalise with your guide by the third, and file for ethics clearance immediately afterwards. Where radiology, microbiology or pathology must supply your reference standard, or where an external workplace must be approached, secure that cooperation in writing at the same time.

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