Section 1: Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Functional Health
Subsection 1.1: Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Models and Outcomes
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment–based care versus usual internal medicine care for reducing thirty-day readmissions among older adults admitted to an Indian tertiary hospital.
- Comparative study of inpatient comprehensive geriatric assessment unit versus consultation-liaison geriatric assessment model for functional outcomes at discharge in older inpatients.
- Comparative study of nurse-led comprehensive geriatric assessment versus physician-led comprehensive geriatric assessment for feasibility, time, and detection of geriatric syndromes in outpatient clinics.
- Comparative study of paper-based comprehensive geriatric assessment versus tablet-based comprehensive geriatric assessment for completeness and clinical decision-making in an Indian geriatric clinic.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment with multidisciplinary team meeting versus comprehensive geriatric assessment without team meeting for medication optimization and fall risk reduction.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment performed at admission versus comprehensive geriatric assessment performed within seventy-two hours for prevention of inpatient complications in older adults.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment–guided discharge planning versus routine discharge advice for improving independence and reducing caregiver burden at one month.
- Comparative study of community-based comprehensive geriatric assessment camp versus hospital-based comprehensive geriatric assessment for detection of unmet needs in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of brief comprehensive geriatric assessment screening tool versus full comprehensive geriatric assessment for predicting six-month mortality in older outpatients.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment plus social work intervention versus comprehensive geriatric assessment alone for improving linkage to welfare schemes and treatment adherence.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment–guided care versus disease-specific guideline-based care for quality-of-life improvement in multimorbid older adults.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment delivered by geriatric medicine team versus family medicine team for detection of frailty, delirium risk, and polypharmacy in older adults.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment in public hospital versus private hospital settings for differences in identified needs and implemented interventions in India.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment with caregiver present versus without caregiver present for accuracy of history and care plan adherence.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment incorporating home visit versus clinic-only comprehensive geriatric assessment for reduction of falls and functional decline over six months.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment including nutritionist consultation versus standard comprehensive geriatric assessment for improvement in weight and muscle function in undernourished older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment–based multidisciplinary care versus usual care for improving Barthel Index at three months after hospitalization.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured comprehensive geriatric assessment plus individualized care plan versus usual outpatient follow-up for reducing emergency visits over six months.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment with telephonic follow-up versus comprehensive geriatric assessment without follow-up for medication adherence and symptom control.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-inclusive comprehensive geriatric assessment counseling versus standard counseling for reducing caregiver strain and improving patient function.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment–guided physiotherapy referral protocol versus usual referral practices for improving mobility in older outpatients.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment–guided medication review plus deprescribing versus medication review without deprescribing protocol for reducing adverse drug events.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment plus depression screening and collaborative care versus usual care for improvement in depressive symptoms in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment–guided falls prevention bundle versus standard advice for reduction of recurrent falls in community-dwelling older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment–based discharge checklist versus routine discharge process for reducing thirty-day readmissions.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment with nutrition supplementation plan versus usual dietary advice for improving Mini Nutritional Assessment scores.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment–guided cognitive stimulation sessions versus usual care for improving cognition and daily functioning in mild cognitive impairment.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment with structured referral to social support services versus usual care for improving treatment continuity in low-income older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of outpatient comprehensive geriatric assessment “one-stop clinic” versus serial specialty visits for patient satisfaction and care coordination in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment with home-based monitoring of blood pressure and glucose versus clinic-based monitoring for reducing complications in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment–guided pain management protocol versus usual pain care for improving mobility in older adults with chronic pain.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–supported comprehensive geriatric assessment follow-up versus standard follow-up for improving immunization uptake and screening completion.
- Prospective observational study of comprehensive geriatric assessment domains as predictors of ninety-day mortality and institutionalization risk among older inpatients in India.
- Prospective observational study of time taken for comprehensive geriatric assessment and its association with intervention uptake and outcomes in a busy Indian outpatient setting.
- Retrospective observational study of comprehensive geriatric assessment documentation quality and its association with length of stay and complications in older medical inpatients.
- Retrospective observational study of implementation fidelity of comprehensive geriatric assessment care plans and barriers in a government hospital geriatric service.
- Mixed-methods study of patient and caregiver experiences of comprehensive geriatric assessment clinics and perceived impact on care coordination in India.
- Cross-sectional study of unmet needs identified by comprehensive geriatric assessment among older adults in urban slums compared with non-slum urban areas in India.
- Quality improvement study evaluating introduction of a standardized comprehensive geriatric assessment proforma and its effect on detection of delirium and pressure injury risk.
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of comprehensive geriatric assessment–based care versus usual care for reducing hospital utilization among older adults in an Indian tertiary hospital.
Subsection 1.2: Frailty, Sarcopenia, and Physical Performance
- Comparative study of Fried frailty phenotype versus Clinical Frailty Scale for predicting six-month hospitalization among older adults in an Indian geriatric clinic.
- Comparative study of gait speed versus timed up-and-go test for identifying frailty and predicting falls in community-dwelling older adults in India.
- Comparative study of handgrip strength thresholds derived from Indian reference values versus international thresholds for diagnosing sarcopenia in older adults.
- Comparative study of Short Physical Performance Battery versus five-times sit-to-stand test for predicting functional decline over one year in older adults.
- Comparative study of calf circumference versus dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry–based muscle mass for screening sarcopenia in resource-limited Indian settings.
- Comparative study of Mini Nutritional Assessment versus geriatric nutrition risk index for predicting frailty progression in older adults.
- Comparative study of Edmonton Frail Scale versus Tilburg Frailty Indicator for feasibility and predictive validity in Indian outpatient practice.
- Comparative study of bioelectrical impedance analysis versus anthropometric indices for estimating low muscle mass in older Indian adults.
- Comparative study of community frailty screening by health workers versus clinic-based screening for detecting high-risk older adults in India.
- Comparative study of sarcopenia case definitions using different muscle strength cut-offs and their association with falls and hospitalization in India.
- Comparative study of chair rise time versus stair climb test for predicting disability in older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
- Comparative study of frailty index based on deficits versus phenotype-based frailty for predicting adverse outcomes among hospitalized older adults.
- Comparative study of frailty prevalence and correlates in rural versus urban older adults using the same validated frailty tool in India.
- Comparative study of sarcopenic obesity classification versus body mass index categories for predicting mobility limitation in older adults.
- Comparative study of vitamin D status–based risk stratification versus frailty tool–based stratification for predicting falls in older adults.
- Comparative study of supervised exercise adherence versus home-based adherence determinants among frail older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multicomponent frailty intervention versus usual care to improve Short Physical Performance Battery scores in frail older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based resistance training with caregiver support versus center-based training to reduce frailty severity in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein-rich oral supplementation plus resistance exercise versus resistance exercise alone for sarcopenia in undernourished older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo for improving muscle strength and reducing falls among deficient older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based strength and balance program versus conventional physiotherapy for improving gait speed in pre-frail older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of creatine supplementation versus placebo as an adjunct to resistance training for improving muscle function in sarcopenia.
- Randomized controlled trial of high-protein breakfast intervention versus usual diet for improving muscle mass and grip strength in older adults at risk of sarcopenia.
- Randomized controlled trial of community group exercise sessions versus individualized home exercise for improving adherence and frailty reversal in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of smartphone-assisted exercise coaching versus printed exercise booklet for improving physical activity in pre-frail older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of leucine-enriched supplementation versus standard supplementation for improving muscle strength in older adults with sarcopenia.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured sleep optimization plus exercise versus exercise alone for improving fatigue and physical performance in frail older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of physiotherapist-led progressive resistance training versus low-intensity stretching for improving sarcopenia outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of multidisciplinary sarcopenia clinic intervention versus usual care for improving mobility and reducing falls over six months.
- Randomized controlled trial of iron and protein supplementation versus protein alone for improving muscle function in older adults with anemia and sarcopenia.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–supported nutrition plus exercise package versus standard advice for frailty reduction in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anti-inflammatory dietary counseling versus usual diet for improving frailty markers in older adults with metabolic syndrome.
- Prospective observational study of inflammatory markers, anemia, and vitamin D status as predictors of frailty progression over one year in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of sarcopenia prevalence and predictors among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in India.
- Retrospective observational study of frailty status at admission and association with length of stay, complications, and discharge destination in older inpatients.
- Retrospective observational study of sarcopenia documented in records and its association with postoperative complications after hip fracture surgery.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers and facilitators to exercise adherence among frail older adults in Indian communities.
- Cross-sectional study of dietary protein intake, chewing difficulty, and association with sarcopenia in older adults in India.
- Implementation study of routine frailty screening in outpatient departments and its effect on referral patterns to physiotherapy and nutrition services.
- Pragmatic observational study of seasonal variation in physical activity and its association with frailty status in older adults in India.
Subsection 1.3: Falls, Balance, and Assistive Technology
- Comparative study of Berg Balance Scale versus Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment for predicting recurrent falls among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of multifactorial falls risk assessment versus single-tool screening for identifying high-risk older adults in primary care.
- Comparative study of vision assessment–based falls risk stratification versus vestibular assessment–based stratification in older adults with dizziness.
- Comparative study of home hazard assessment by occupational therapist versus community health worker for identification of modifiable fall risks in India.
- Comparative study of hip protectors acceptance in urban versus rural older adults and association with fall-related injury risk.
- Comparative study of cane use training versus no structured training on gait stability in older adults newly prescribed canes.
- Comparative study of footwear assessment and modification versus usual advice for reduction of slips and trips in older adults.
- Comparative study of dual-task gait testing versus single-task gait testing for predicting falls in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.
- Comparative study of orthostatic blood pressure screening versus vestibular symptom screening for predicting falls in older adults attending geriatric clinics.
- Comparative study of near-fall events recorded by diary versus wearable sensor–recorded near-falls in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of community falls prevention education delivered in groups versus individual counseling for knowledge retention and behavior change.
- Comparative study of fracture risk assessment tool score versus fall risk score for predicting fall-related fractures in older adults.
- Comparative study of structured medication review focusing on sedatives versus general medication review for fall reduction among older adults.
- Comparative study of physiotherapy-led balance clinic versus orthopedic-led clinic for functional outcomes in older adults with recurrent falls.
- Comparative study of stair safety modifications versus bathroom safety modifications for reducing falls in Indian households with older residents.
- Comparative study of falls risk factors in older adults living alone versus living with family in urban India.
- Randomized controlled trial of tai chi–based balance training versus conventional physiotherapy for reduction of falls over six months in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo for reduction of falls in older adults with vitamin D deficiency in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multifactorial falls prevention clinic intervention versus usual care for reducing fall-related emergency visits over twelve months.
- Randomized controlled trial of home modification package versus standard advice for reducing falls in high-risk older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of strength and balance exercise plus medication review versus exercise alone for preventing recurrent falls.
- Randomized controlled trial of vision correction intervention versus usual care for fall reduction among older adults with uncorrected refractive errors.
- Randomized controlled trial of footwear modification intervention versus usual footwear for reducing slips and trips in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training on safe transfers versus usual caregiver instructions for preventing falls at home.
- Randomized controlled trial of assistive device training plus follow-up visits versus assistive device prescription alone for improved safe mobility.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based falls education sessions versus pamphlet-based education for preventing falls among older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vestibular rehabilitation versus standard advice for reduction of dizziness-related falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of orthostatic hypotension management protocol versus usual care for fall reduction in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of nighttime lighting intervention versus no lighting intervention for reduction of nocturnal falls.
- Randomized controlled trial of balance training delivered by community health workers versus physiotherapists for falls prevention in resource-limited settings.
- Randomized controlled trial of wearable fall alert device plus training versus standard care for reducing time to assistance after falls in older adults living alone.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined osteoporosis treatment plus falls prevention versus osteoporosis treatment alone for reduction of fractures in older adults.
- Prospective observational study of circadian blood pressure variation and its association with falls in older adults with autonomic dysfunction.
- Prospective observational study of fear of falling and its relationship with activity restriction and recurrent falls in Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of fall-related fractures presenting to emergency department and predictors of readmission and mortality in older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of sedative medication exposure and inpatient falls among older adults admitted to medical wards.
- Mixed-methods study of cultural beliefs and household practices influencing adoption of home modifications for falls prevention in India.
- Cross-sectional study of environmental hazards in Indian homes and association with falls history among older adults.
- Quality improvement study evaluating implementation of an inpatient falls prevention bundle and its effect on falls rates in older medical wards.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a community falls clinic referral pathway and its impact on falls-related hospital utilization.
Subsection 1.4: Sensory Impairment, Continence, and Function
- Comparative study of handheld audiometry screening versus whisper test for detecting hearing loss affecting daily function in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of clinic-based vision screening versus community camp screening for detection of vision impairment associated with falls in older adults.
- Comparative study of cataract surgery outcomes in frail versus non-frail older adults for quality-of-life and functional independence in India.
- Comparative study of low-vision rehabilitation delivered in hospital versus home setting for improvement in instrumental activities of daily living.
- Comparative study of hearing aid uptake in government-supported programs versus private purchase and its effect on social participation in older adults.
- Comparative study of continence assessment by geriatrician versus urologist-led pathway for time to diagnosis and symptom control in older adults.
- Comparative study of bladder diary–based assessment versus symptom questionnaire–based assessment for identifying urinary incontinence subtypes in older women.
- Comparative study of pelvic floor muscle training supervised versus unsupervised for symptom improvement in older women with stress urinary incontinence.
- Comparative study of constipation screening using Rome criteria versus simple symptom checklist for identifying chronic constipation in older adults.
- Comparative study of fiber supplementation versus osmotic laxatives as first-line management for chronic constipation in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of hearing loss severity and its association with cognitive impairment in older adults attending Indian geriatric clinics.
- Comparative study of vision impairment correction versus no correction and association with depressive symptoms in older adults.
- Comparative study of urinary incontinence prevalence and correlates in rural versus urban Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of nocturia assessment and management in older men with benign prostatic enlargement versus women with overactive bladder symptoms.
- Comparative study of continence pad use versus behavioral interventions for quality-of-life outcomes in older adults with urinary incontinence.
- Comparative study of constipation management protocols in outpatient geriatric clinics versus general medicine clinics in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hearing aid provision plus communication training versus hearing aid provision alone for improving social participation in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured vision rehabilitation sessions versus standard advice for improving reading ability and independence in older adults with low vision.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined hearing and vision screening intervention versus opportunistic screening for improving detection and follow-up rates in primary care.
- Randomized controlled trial of environmental modifications for low-vision households versus usual care to reduce falls among older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pelvic floor muscle training plus bladder training versus bladder training alone for urinary incontinence in older women.
- Randomized controlled trial of mirabegron versus antimuscarinic therapy for overactive bladder symptoms and cognitive safety in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of bowel habit training plus fiber supplementation versus fiber alone for chronic constipation in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of probiotic supplementation versus placebo for improving constipation symptoms and quality of life in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of scheduled toileting assistance versus usual care for reducing incontinence episodes among frail older nursing home residents in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nocturia behavioral interventions versus standard advice for reducing nighttime awakenings and falls risk.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based continence education versus individual counseling for symptom improvement in older women.
- Randomized controlled trial of cataract surgery timing (early versus delayed) for functional independence outcomes in older adults with bilateral cataract.
- Randomized controlled trial of assistive listening devices versus no device for improving comprehension and reducing loneliness in older adults with hearing loss.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training on communication strategies versus usual care for improving patient engagement in older adults with hearing impairment.
- Randomized controlled trial of stepwise constipation algorithm implementation versus usual physician-directed care for symptom resolution and reduced laxative misuse.
- Randomized controlled trial of topical estrogen therapy versus placebo for genitourinary symptoms contributing to incontinence in older women.
- Prospective observational study of hearing impairment and its association with incident cognitive decline over one year among older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of urinary incontinence and its association with falls and depression in community-dwelling older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of anticholinergic medication exposure and urinary retention events among older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of constipation-related emergency visits and predictors among older adults in an Indian tertiary hospital.
- Mixed-methods study of stigma, health-seeking behavior, and barriers to continence care among older adults in India.
- Cross-sectional study of sensory impairment burden and association with frailty, disability, and social isolation in older Indian adults.
- Quality improvement study of routine screening for sensory impairment in geriatric clinics and its effect on referrals and intervention uptake.
- Pragmatic observational study of low-cost household modifications for visual impairment and their association with reduced near-falls in older adults.
Subsection 1.5: Nutrition, Oral Health, and Functional Independence
- Comparative study of Mini Nutritional Assessment versus body mass index and serum albumin for detecting malnutrition in older adults in Indian hospitals.
- Comparative study of community meal support programs versus no meal support for nutritional status and functional outcomes in low-income older adults.
- Comparative study of dietitian-led counseling versus physician-led counseling for improving protein intake in older adults with frailty.
- Comparative study of oral health assessment by dentist versus trained nurse for detecting chewing difficulty contributing to malnutrition in older adults.
- Comparative study of denture provision versus soft diet advice alone for improving nutritional intake in edentulous older adults in India.
- Comparative study of dysphagia screening by bedside water swallow test versus formal speech therapy assessment for aspiration risk in older adults.
- Comparative study of high-protein Indian diet plan versus standard calorie-focused plan for sarcopenia risk reduction in older adults.
- Comparative study of anemia workup pathways in geriatric clinic versus general medicine clinic and impact on functional outcomes.
- Comparative study of micronutrient deficiencies in vegetarian versus mixed-diet older adults and association with frailty in India.
- Comparative study of nutrition education delivered to caregivers versus delivered to patients for improving dietary adherence in older adults.
- Comparative study of oral frailty indicators versus dental caries indices for predicting malnutrition and disability in older adults.
- Comparative study of nutrition screening at admission versus screening at discharge for predicting readmission risk in older inpatients.
- Comparative study of swallowing rehabilitation exercises versus dietary modifications alone for improving dysphagia-related quality of life in older adults.
- Comparative study of tube feeding decisions guided by structured counseling versus routine counseling in older adults with advanced neurologic disease.
- Comparative study of community-based anemia screening versus clinic-based screening for detection of treatable causes in older adults.
- Comparative study of low-cost protein supplementation options (pulses-based versus dairy-based) for acceptability and adherence in older Indian adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of oral protein supplementation versus placebo for improving grip strength and mobility in undernourished older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of nutrition counseling plus resistance exercise versus resistance exercise alone for improving function in frail older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin B12 supplementation versus placebo for improving gait and neuropathy symptoms in deficient older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of iron therapy strategy (daily versus alternate-day) for anemia correction and functional outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of denture provision plus chewing training versus denture provision alone for improving dietary intake in edentulous older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of dysphagia rehabilitation program versus standard care for reducing aspiration pneumonia in older stroke survivors.
- Randomized controlled trial of culturally tailored protein-rich meal plan versus generic meal plan for improving Mini Nutritional Assessment scores.
- Randomized controlled trial of probiotic supplementation versus placebo for improving appetite and bowel function in older adults with constipation.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-focused nutrition education versus standard advice for reducing unintentional weight loss in dependent older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of oral health intervention package versus usual care for reducing oral pain and improving nutrition in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of appetite stimulant versus placebo for improving nutritional intake in older adults with anorexia of aging.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D plus calcium supplementation versus placebo for improving muscle function and reducing falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of small, frequent meal strategy versus standard meal pattern for improving caloric intake in older adults with poor appetite.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-delivered nutrient-dense meal support versus usual diet for improving function in low-income older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured anemia management pathway versus usual care for improving fatigue and mobility in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of swallow-safe diet modification training versus standard advice for caregivers of older adults with dysphagia.
- Prospective observational study of chewing difficulty, dentition status, and association with sarcopenia and frailty in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of malnutrition at admission and association with delirium, infections, and length of stay among older inpatients.
- Retrospective observational study of vitamin B12 deficiency prevalence and clinical correlates among older adults attending an Indian tertiary hospital.
- Retrospective observational study of aspiration pneumonia episodes and relation to dysphagia screening documentation in older stroke patients.
- Mixed-methods study of cultural dietary practices and barriers to increasing protein intake among older adults in India.
- Cross-sectional study of food insecurity and association with depression and frailty among older adults in urban slums in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing routine nutrition screening in outpatient geriatric clinics and evaluating referral uptake and outcomes.
- Pragmatic observational study of low-cost community nutrition support linkage and its impact on weight and function in dependent older adults.
Section 2: Multimorbidity, Chronic Disease Care, and Integrated Primary Care for Older Adults
Subsection 2.1: Multimorbidity Patterns and Care Pathways
- Comparative study of multimorbidity clusters in rural versus urban older adults in India and their association with functional disability.
- Comparative study of Charlson Comorbidity Index versus Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for predicting hospitalization and mortality in older Indian adults.
- Comparative study of integrated geriatric clinic care versus multiple specialty clinic visits for patient satisfaction and care fragmentation in India.
- Comparative study of family physician–led chronic care model versus specialist-led model for blood pressure and glucose control in older adults.
- Comparative study of nurse-led chronic disease follow-up versus physician-only follow-up for treatment adherence in multimorbid older adults.
- Comparative study of structured shared care plan documentation versus routine notes for continuity of care across departments in an Indian hospital.
- Comparative study of telemedicine follow-up versus in-person follow-up for symptom control and care continuity in older adults with multimorbidity.
- Comparative study of community health worker–supported chronic care versus usual care for follow-up completion among older adults in rural India.
- Comparative study of multimorbidity and polypharmacy prevalence in government hospital outpatients versus private hospital outpatients in India.
- Comparative study of frailty-adjusted risk stratification versus comorbidity-only stratification for predicting outcomes in multimorbid older adults.
- Comparative study of disease-specific targets versus patient-centered goal setting for quality-of-life outcomes in older adults with multimorbidity.
- Comparative study of structured symptom burden scoring versus routine clinical judgment for identifying high-need multimorbid older adults.
- Comparative study of integrated diabetes and hypertension clinic versus separate clinics for appointment adherence and control rates in older adults.
- Comparative study of home-based chronic care visits versus clinic-only care for dependent older adults with multimorbidity in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver involvement intensity and association with medication adherence in older adults with multiple chronic diseases.
- Comparative study of multimorbidity patterns in older adults with low socioeconomic status versus higher socioeconomic status in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of integrated multimorbidity clinic intervention versus usual care for reducing emergency visits among older adults over six months.
- Randomized controlled trial of patient-centered goal setting plus shared decision-making intervention versus usual care for improving quality of life in multimorbid older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse case management versus usual care for improving follow-up adherence and reducing hospitalization in older adults with multimorbidity.
- Randomized controlled trial of telemonitoring of blood pressure and glucose versus standard monitoring for control and complication reduction in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–led home visits versus clinic-only care for improving symptom control in dependent multimorbid older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured medication synchronization and appointment bundling versus usual scheduling for improving adherence in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of integrated mental health screening within chronic care versus usual care for depressive symptom reduction in multimorbid older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training in chronic disease care tasks versus standard advice for reducing caregiver burden and improving patient outcomes.
- Randomized controlled trial of group education sessions for multimorbidity self-management versus individual counseling for improving self-efficacy in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of simplified treatment regimen strategy versus usual regimen for improving adherence in older adults with multiple conditions.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured referral to physiotherapy and nutrition services versus usual referral practices for functional improvement in multimorbid older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of palliative approach integration for symptom burden versus usual chronic disease care for advanced multimorbidity.
- Randomized controlled trial of health literacy–tailored education versus standard education for improving chronic disease knowledge and adherence in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led care coordination versus usual care for reducing duplicate prescriptions and adverse events in multimorbidity.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based rehabilitation plus chronic care follow-up versus chronic care follow-up alone for improving independence in multimorbid older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured care pathway for multimorbidity at primary health center versus usual primary care for reducing hospitalization.
- Prospective observational study of multimorbidity clusters and their association with frailty transition over one year in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of symptom burden trajectories and health care utilization in older adults with multimorbidity in India.
- Retrospective observational study of unplanned readmissions among multimorbid older adults and predictors including appointment nonadherence.
- Retrospective observational study of care fragmentation measured by number of departments visited and its association with adverse outcomes in older adults.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to integrated care for multimorbid older adults in Indian public hospitals.
- Cross-sectional study of multimorbidity, out-of-pocket expenditure, and catastrophic health spending among older households in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a shared care plan proforma for multimorbidity and measuring continuity indicators and outcomes.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a multimorbidity registry at primary care level and its impact on follow-up and control rates.
Subsection 2.2: Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolic Syndrome in Older Adults
- Comparative study of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring versus office blood pressure for detecting masked hypertension in older Indian adults.
- Comparative study of home blood pressure monitoring versus clinic monitoring for blood pressure control and adherence in older adults.
- Comparative study of glycated hemoglobin versus fasting plasma glucose for predicting hypoglycemia risk in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Comparative study of simplified diabetes regimen versus complex regimen and association with hypoglycemia episodes in older adults.
- Comparative study of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor use patterns and outcomes in older Indian adults with diabetes mellitus.
- Comparative study of intensive versus standard blood pressure targets and association with dizziness and falls in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of statin adherence in older adults counseled by pharmacist versus physician-only counseling in India.
- Comparative study of metabolic syndrome prevalence using different waist circumference cut-offs relevant to Indian populations and association with frailty.
- Comparative study of diabetes self-management education delivered in group versus individual sessions for older adults in India.
- Comparative study of traditional dietary counseling versus culturally tailored Indian meal plan counseling for glycemic control in older adults.
- Comparative study of continuous glucose monitoring versus self-monitoring of blood glucose for detecting asymptomatic hypoglycemia in older adults.
- Comparative study of orthostatic hypotension prevalence in older adults with diabetes mellitus versus without diabetes mellitus in India.
- Comparative study of antihypertensive medication classes and association with nocturia and sleep disturbance in older adults.
- Comparative study of microvascular complication screening completion rates in integrated clinic versus separate specialty referrals for older adults.
- Comparative study of medication affordability support linkage versus no linkage for diabetes and hypertension control in low-income older adults.
- Comparative study of lifestyle intervention uptake in urban slum older adults versus non-slum urban older adults with metabolic syndrome.
- Randomized controlled trial of home blood pressure monitoring with telephonic coaching versus usual care for blood pressure control in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of simplified diabetes medication regimen strategy versus usual regimen for reducing hypoglycemia and improving adherence in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of low-glycemic-index Indian diet plan versus standard diet advice for glycemic control in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of supervised walking program versus usual advice for improving blood pressure, glucose, and mobility in older adults with metabolic syndrome.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led medication counseling versus standard counseling for improving statin and antihypertensive adherence in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of continuous glucose monitoring–guided therapy versus self-monitoring for reducing hypoglycemia in older adults with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus.
- Randomized controlled trial of resistance training plus protein optimization versus walking alone for improving glycemic control and muscle strength in older adults with diabetes mellitus.
- Randomized controlled trial of salt reduction counseling with household measurement tools versus standard counseling for blood pressure control in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction versus usual care for blood pressure and sleep improvement in older adults with hypertension.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse-led metabolic syndrome clinic versus physician-led clinic for control rates and patient satisfaction in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of fixed-dose combination antihypertensive strategy versus usual titration for achieving targets with fewer visits in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured foot care education versus usual advice for reducing diabetic foot complications in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of shared decision-making intervention for treatment targets versus usual care to improve quality of life in older adults with diabetes mellitus.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin B12 monitoring and supplementation protocol versus usual care for neuropathy outcomes in metformin-treated older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep optimization intervention versus usual care for improving glycemic variability in older adults with diabetes mellitus.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–supported follow-up versus usual care for blood pressure and glucose control in rural older adults.
- Prospective observational study of hypoglycemia incidence and predictors in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending Indian clinics.
- Prospective observational study of blood pressure variability and association with cognitive decline in older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of emergency visits due to hypoglycemia among older adults and medication-related predictors.
- Retrospective observational study of antihypertensive intensification and subsequent falls and syncope events in older adults.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to lifestyle change and medication adherence among older adults with metabolic syndrome in India.
- Cross-sectional study of polypharmacy and metabolic control among older adults with diabetes mellitus and hypertension in Indian primary care.
- Quality improvement study implementing standardized hypoglycemia risk screening in older adults with diabetes mellitus and measuring hypoglycemia events.
- Pragmatic implementation study of integrated screening for diabetic complications at primary health centers and impact on referral completion in older adults.
Subsection 2.3: Chronic Respiratory Disease and Tobacco-Related Illness in Older Adults
- Comparative study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test versus modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale for predicting exacerbations in older adults.
- Comparative study of inhaler technique assessed by pharmacist versus physician for detecting errors in older adults with chronic respiratory disease.
- Comparative study of nebulization-based therapy versus inhaler-based therapy adherence and outcomes in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in India.
- Comparative study of pulmonary rehabilitation delivered in hospital versus community setting for functional improvement in older adults.
- Comparative study of biomass fuel exposure versus cigarette smoking exposure and its association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity in older Indian women.
- Comparative study of peak flow monitoring versus symptom diary for early detection of exacerbations in older adults with asthma.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake counseling delivered by nurse versus physician for influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in older adults with chronic lung disease.
- Comparative study of nutrition status and sarcopenia prevalence in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus without chronic lung disease.
- Comparative study of home oxygen therapy adherence in urban versus rural older adults in India.
- Comparative study of depression screening positive rates in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus other chronic diseases in India.
- Comparative study of spirometry availability and diagnostic accuracy in primary care versus tertiary care for older adults with chronic respiratory symptoms.
- Comparative study of exacerbation management plans provided in writing versus verbal instructions for adherence and outcomes in older adults.
- Comparative study of long-acting bronchodilator combinations and association with exacerbation frequency in older adults in Indian real-world practice.
- Comparative study of breathing exercises (pursed-lip breathing training) versus standard advice for dyspnea control in older adults.
- Comparative study of indoor air quality improvement interventions versus usual care for respiratory symptom burden in older adults.
- Comparative study of tobacco cessation counseling intensity and quit rates among older smokers in Indian clinics.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured pulmonary rehabilitation versus usual care for improving six-minute walk distance in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of inhaler technique training sessions versus single-session training for reducing exacerbations in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation versus center-based rehabilitation for adherence and functional outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy plus counseling versus counseling alone among older smokers with chronic lung disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of vaccination reminder system versus usual care for increasing influenza and pneumococcal vaccine uptake in older adults with chronic respiratory disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of nutrition supplementation plus pulmonary rehabilitation versus pulmonary rehabilitation alone for muscle strength and dyspnea outcomes.
- Randomized controlled trial of tele-rehabilitation versus in-person pulmonary rehabilitation for older adults with mobility constraints.
- Randomized controlled trial of anxiety management intervention versus usual care for dyspnea-related anxiety in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of home indoor air purifier intervention versus no purifier for symptom improvement in older adults with chronic respiratory disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of action plan education for exacerbation management versus usual advice for reducing hospitalization in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of inspiratory muscle training versus sham training for improving dyspnea and functional capacity in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication adherence packaging and reminders versus usual care for reducing missed inhaler doses in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-involved inhaler training versus patient-only training for technique retention in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep optimization intervention versus usual care for improving nocturnal symptoms in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of integrated geriatric assessment within respiratory clinic versus usual respiratory care for quality-of-life outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of stepped oxygen titration protocol versus usual oxygen prescription practices for safety and symptom outcomes in older adults.
- Prospective observational study of exacerbation predictors including nutrition status and frailty among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in India.
- Prospective observational study of inhaler technique errors and association with exacerbation rates in older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of hospitalization outcomes for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in older adults and predictors of mortality.
- Retrospective observational study of biomass fuel exposure documentation and association with lung function decline in older women.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation participation among older adults in Indian settings.
- Cross-sectional study of sarcopenia prevalence and association with dyspnea severity in older adults with chronic lung disease.
- Quality improvement study implementing a standardized inhaler technique checklist in outpatient clinics and measuring technique improvement and exacerbations.
- Pragmatic implementation study of tobacco cessation referral pathway for older adults and its effect on quit attempts and abstinence.
Subsection 2.4: Chronic Kidney Disease, Anemia, and Electrolyte Problems in Older Adults
- Comparative study of estimated glomerular filtration rate equations and their agreement for staging chronic kidney disease in older Indian adults.
- Comparative study of anemia evaluation protocols in geriatric clinic versus nephrology clinic and impact on diagnosis and treatment in older adults.
- Comparative study of oral iron versus intravenous iron strategies in older adults with chronic kidney disease-related anemia in Indian practice.
- Comparative study of dietary protein restriction counseling delivered by dietitian versus physician for adherence in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Comparative study of medication dosing errors in older adults with chronic kidney disease versus without chronic kidney disease in outpatient settings.
- Comparative study of potassium monitoring frequency strategies and outcomes in older adults on renin-angiotensin system blockers.
- Comparative study of symptom burden scoring versus laboratory-based staging for predicting hospitalization in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Comparative study of conservative kidney management versus dialysis initiation in very old adults for quality-of-life outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of depression prevalence in older adults with chronic kidney disease versus other chronic illnesses in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in older adults on hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialysis in India.
- Comparative study of falls risk in older adults with chronic kidney disease and anemia versus those without anemia.
- Comparative study of phosphate binder adherence strategies and biochemical control in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Comparative study of blood pressure targets in older adults with chronic kidney disease and association with dizziness and falls.
- Comparative study of polypharmacy burden in older adults with chronic kidney disease across different stages in India.
- Comparative study of frailty prevalence in older adults with chronic kidney disease versus general geriatric outpatients in India.
- Comparative study of hospital outcomes in older adults with acute kidney injury superimposed on chronic kidney disease versus acute kidney injury alone.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured chronic kidney disease education program versus usual counseling for improving dietary and medication adherence in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led renal dose adjustment intervention versus usual care to reduce adverse drug events in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of oral iron alternate-day strategy versus daily strategy for anemia correction and tolerability in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of bicarbonate therapy versus placebo for slowing chronic kidney disease progression and improving muscle function in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of low-potassium diet counseling with food demonstration versus standard counseling for preventing hyperkalemia in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of intradialytic exercise versus usual care for improving function and fatigue in older adults on hemodialysis.
- Randomized controlled trial of conservative kidney management care pathway versus standard nephrology follow-up for symptom burden and hospital utilization in very old adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep intervention versus usual care for insomnia and fatigue in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent protocol with tighter hemoglobin monitoring versus usual care for safety and function outcomes.
- Randomized controlled trial of depression screening and collaborative care versus usual care for quality-of-life improvement in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–supported follow-up versus usual care for appointment adherence in older adults with chronic kidney disease in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication blister packaging plus reminders versus usual care for improving adherence in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of dietary counseling plus resistance exercise versus dietary counseling alone for sarcopenia prevention in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of fall prevention bundle versus usual advice for reducing falls in older adults with chronic kidney disease and frailty.
- Randomized controlled trial of tele-nephrology follow-up versus in-person follow-up for symptom control and travel burden reduction in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured fluid management education versus usual care for reducing interdialytic weight gain in older adults on hemodialysis.
- Prospective observational study of frailty and its association with hospitalization and mortality in older adults with chronic kidney disease in India.
- Prospective observational study of electrolyte disturbances and medication predictors in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Retrospective observational study of adverse drug events related to renally cleared medications among older adults attending outpatient clinics.
- Retrospective observational study of acute kidney injury episodes in older adults and association with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug exposure.
- Mixed-methods study of decision-making experiences regarding dialysis initiation among older adults and families in India.
- Cross-sectional study of nutritional status and sarcopenia in older adults with chronic kidney disease in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing renal dosing alerts in hospital prescribing system and measuring dosing errors in older adults.
- Pragmatic observational study of conservative care clinic establishment and impact on symptom control and hospital visits among very old adults with chronic kidney disease.
Subsection 2.5: Heart Failure, Ischemic Heart Disease, and Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults
- Comparative study of clinical congestion score versus natriuretic peptide levels for predicting heart failure readmission in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of echocardiography-based assessment versus clinical assessment for optimizing diuretic therapy in older adults with heart failure.
- Comparative study of beta-blocker uptitration strategies and tolerability in frail versus non-frail older adults with heart failure.
- Comparative study of anticoagulation with direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin for stroke prevention and bleeding risk in older adults with atrial fibrillation in India.
- Comparative study of medication adherence assessed by pill count versus pharmacy refill data in older adults with chronic cardiovascular disease.
- Comparative study of cardiac rehabilitation attendance and outcomes in older adults referred from public hospitals versus private hospitals in India.
- Comparative study of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction versus reduced ejection fraction in older adults for symptom burden and quality of life.
- Comparative study of frailty screening tools and their association with outcomes in older adults with heart failure in India.
- Comparative study of salt restriction counseling strategies and association with fluid overload admissions in older adults with heart failure.
- Comparative study of anemia management in older adults with heart failure and its association with exercise tolerance in India.
- Comparative study of anticoagulation decision-making with shared decision aids versus routine counseling in older adults with atrial fibrillation.
- Comparative study of falls history and anticoagulation use patterns among older adults with atrial fibrillation in India.
- Comparative study of polypharmacy burden and its association with hypotension and dizziness in older adults with heart failure.
- Comparative study of palliative approach integration in advanced heart failure versus usual cardiology care for symptom burden outcomes.
- Comparative study of telephonic follow-up versus no follow-up for early detection of decompensation in older adults with heart failure.
- Comparative study of caregiver involvement and its association with diet and medication adherence in older adults with heart failure.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse-led heart failure management clinic versus usual cardiology follow-up for reducing readmissions in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of home weight monitoring with alerts versus usual care for preventing heart failure decompensation in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured medication reconciliation at discharge versus routine process for reducing cardiovascular readmissions in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of low-cost cardiac rehabilitation home program versus standard center-based rehabilitation for functional capacity improvement in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of shared decision-making tool for anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation versus usual counseling for treatment adherence and satisfaction.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led anticoagulation monitoring versus usual care for time-in-therapeutic range improvement in older adults on warfarin.
- Randomized controlled trial of iron therapy versus placebo for improving exercise tolerance and fatigue in older adults with heart failure and iron deficiency.
- Randomized controlled trial of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor initiation in older adults with heart failure versus placebo for symptom and hospitalization outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured salt-reduction intervention with household tools versus standard advice for edema control in older adults with heart failure.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing non-beneficial cardiovascular medications in frail older adults versus usual care for quality-of-life outcomes.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep apnea screening and referral pathway versus usual care for symptom improvement in older adults with heart failure.
- Randomized controlled trial of exercise plus protein supplementation versus exercise alone for sarcopenia prevention in older adults with heart failure.
- Randomized controlled trial of palliative care consultation early in advanced heart failure versus late consultation for symptom control outcomes.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training package versus standard advice for improving self-care behaviors in older adults with heart failure.
- Randomized controlled trial of blood pressure self-monitoring with medication titration protocol versus usual care for safe optimization in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of atrial fibrillation rate control strategy education versus usual care for symptom recognition and timely care-seeking in older adults.
- Prospective observational study of frailty and cognitive impairment as predictors of heart failure readmissions among older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of anticoagulation persistence and bleeding events in older adults with atrial fibrillation in Indian real-world care.
- Retrospective observational study of discharge medication errors and their association with thirty-day readmission in older adults with heart failure.
- Retrospective observational study of bleeding risk factors and outcomes among older adults with atrial fibrillation on anticoagulants in India.
- Mixed-methods study of patient beliefs, cost barriers, and adherence challenges for anticoagulation in older adults with atrial fibrillation in India.
- Cross-sectional study of symptom burden, depression, and quality of life in older adults with chronic heart failure in Indian outpatient clinics.
- Quality improvement study implementing a heart failure discharge bundle and evaluating readmission and follow-up completion in older adults.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a tele-follow-up pathway for heart failure in a district hospital and its impact on hospital utilization.
Section 3: Polypharmacy, Medication Safety, and Deprescribing
Subsection 3.1: Polypharmacy Burden, Appropriateness, and Risk Prediction
- Comparative study of Beers Criteria versus Screening Tool of Older Persons Prescriptions for detecting potentially inappropriate medications among older adults attending an Indian tertiary care geriatric clinic.
- Comparative study of Medication Appropriateness Index versus Beers Criteria for predicting adverse drug events in older medical inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of anticholinergic burden scales for association with falls and delirium among older hospitalized adults in India.
- Comparative study of polypharmacy defined as five or more medicines versus ten or more medicines for predicting six-month hospitalization in older outpatients.
- Comparative study of pharmacist-led medication history versus physician-led medication history for detecting discrepancies at hospital admission in older adults.
- Comparative study of structured medication reconciliation at admission versus at discharge for reduction in medication discrepancies in older inpatients.
- Comparative study of pill count adherence assessment versus pharmacy refill data for predicting poor blood pressure and glucose control in older adults.
- Comparative study of electronic prescribing alerts versus manual review for identifying high-risk drug combinations in older adults.
- Comparative study of renal dose adjustment using estimated glomerular filtration rate versus serum creatinine–based judgment for dosing errors in older adults.
- Comparative study of community versus hospital settings for prevalence and predictors of potentially inappropriate medications in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of private versus public hospital outpatient clinics for prevalence of high-risk medicines in older adults.
- Comparative study of medication literacy screening tools for identifying older adults at risk of nonadherence in India.
- Comparative study of sedative exposure versus opioid exposure for predicting falls and fractures among older adults in Indian communities.
- Comparative study of fixed-dose combinations versus single-drug prescriptions for polypharmacy burden and dosing errors in older adults.
- Comparative study of medication regimen complexity index versus total number of medicines for predicting nonadherence in older adults.
- Comparative study of potentially inappropriate medication prevalence among older adults with frailty versus without frailty in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured medication reconciliation at every visit versus usual care for reduction of medication discrepancies in older outpatients.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led medication review versus usual physician review for reducing adverse drug events in older adults over six months.
- Randomized controlled trial of a “brown bag” medication review intervention versus usual care for improving medication knowledge and adherence in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of blister packing and pictorial dosing schedules versus usual dispensing for adherence improvement in older adults with low literacy.
- Randomized controlled trial of anticholinergic burden reduction strategy versus usual care for improving cognition and reducing falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of simplified regimen strategy versus usual regimen for reducing regimen complexity and improving quality of life in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of electronic reminder calls versus standard advice for reducing missed doses among older adults with polypharmacy.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-involved medication counseling versus patient-only counseling for adherence and adverse event reduction in dependent older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse-led medication education sessions versus printed leaflets for improving correct medication use in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of clinical decision support for renal dosing versus usual prescribing for reducing dosing errors in older adults with chronic kidney disease.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing-focused clinic visit versus standard clinic visit for reducing potentially inappropriate medication burden in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication review plus falls risk assessment versus falls assessment alone for reducing falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication therapy management by pharmacist with physician co-sign versus usual care for reducing emergency visits in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured discharge medication counseling plus follow-up call versus routine discharge process for reducing thirty-day readmissions in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–supported medication tracking versus usual care for adherence improvement in rural older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of fixed-time dosing schedule alignment (“dose consolidation”) versus usual timing for reducing missed doses in older adults.
- Prospective observational study of medication discrepancies at transitions of care and association with thirty-day readmission in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of anticholinergic burden and incident falls and delirium over six months in older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of adverse drug reaction patterns among older adults reported to a pharmacovigilance unit in an Indian hospital.
- Retrospective observational study of high-risk drug–drug interactions and clinical outcomes among older adults attending cardiology and endocrinology clinics.
- Mixed-methods study of patient and caregiver beliefs about “more medicines means better care” and its influence on polypharmacy in India.
- Cross-sectional study of self-medication, over-the-counter analgesic use, and kidney injury risk among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a standardized medication reconciliation checklist in medical wards and measuring discrepancy rates.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a pharmacist-in-geriatrics service and its impact on potentially inappropriate medication prevalence in an Indian tertiary hospital.
Subsection 3.2: Deprescribing Strategies for High-Risk Medication Classes
- Comparative study of deprescribing proton pump inhibitors using step-down approach versus abrupt discontinuation for symptom recurrence in older adults.
- Comparative study of benzodiazepine taper protocols (slow taper versus moderate taper) for insomnia outcomes and withdrawal symptoms in older adults.
- Comparative study of discontinuation of long-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs versus continuation for pain control and kidney outcomes in older adults with osteoarthritis.
- Comparative study of antipsychotic deprescribing in dementia using behavioral support versus medication-only taper for agitation outcomes in older adults.
- Comparative study of stopping statins in very frail older adults versus continuation for quality of life and symptom burden in India.
- Comparative study of deprescribing sulfonylureas versus dose reduction for hypoglycemia reduction in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Comparative study of deprescribing antihypertensives in older adults with orthostatic hypotension versus usual care for falls outcomes.
- Comparative study of opioid taper with physiotherapy support versus opioid taper alone for chronic musculoskeletal pain in older adults.
- Comparative study of stopping anticholinergic bladder medicines versus switching to beta-3 agonist therapy for cognitive safety and symptom control in older adults.
- Comparative study of deprescribing gabapentinoids versus continuation for dizziness and falls risk among older adults with chronic pain.
- Comparative study of deprescribing tricyclic antidepressants versus switching to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor for neuropathic pain and sleep outcomes in older adults.
- Comparative study of deprescribing duplicate vitamins and supplements versus usual care for reduction in pill burden and cost in older adults.
- Comparative study of deprescribing loop diuretics after stabilization versus continuation for hospitalization prevention in older adults with heart failure.
- Comparative study of deprescribing antihistamines with anticholinergic effects versus continuation for sleep complaints in older adults.
- Comparative study of deprescribing muscle relaxants versus continuation for fall risk and pain outcomes in older adults.
- Comparative study of deprescribing inappropriate fixed-dose combinations versus continuation for adverse events and patient satisfaction in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured benzodiazepine deprescribing with cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia versus usual care in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing proton pump inhibitors with lifestyle counseling versus continued therapy for symptom control and nutrient deficiency outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of sulfonylurea deprescribing strategy versus usual care for reduction of hypoglycemia and maintenance of glycemic control in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of antihypertensive deprescribing guided by orthostatic testing versus usual care for reducing falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of opioid deprescribing with multidisciplinary pain management versus usual opioid care for function and quality of life in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing anticholinergic medicines using pharmacist-led protocol versus usual care for improving cognition and reducing constipation in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of statin discontinuation versus continuation in very frail older adults for patient-centered outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing duplicate antiplatelets or non-indicated antiplatelets versus usual care for bleeding outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing sedative-hypnotics using sleep hygiene education versus usual care for falls and sleep quality in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing antipsychotics in dementia with caregiver training versus usual care for behavioral symptom outcomes.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing gabapentinoids with physiotherapy support versus continuation for dizziness and function in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing unnecessary supplements with counseling versus usual care for pill burden and adherence to essential medicines.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with alternative pain plan versus continuation for kidney outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing duplicate acid suppression medicines versus usual care for reduction in adverse effects and costs in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of a “deprescribing clinic” visit versus standard geriatric clinic visit for reduction in potentially inappropriate medicines in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-involved deprescribing decision aid versus usual counseling for satisfaction and adherence to deprescribing plans.
- Prospective observational study of outcomes after benzodiazepine taper in older adults, including falls, sleep quality, and anxiety symptoms.
- Prospective observational study of medication class–specific deprescribing success rates and predictors among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of gastrointestinal bleeding events in older adults on unnecessary dual antiplatelet therapy and opportunities for deprescribing.
- Retrospective observational study of long-term proton pump inhibitor use and association with low magnesium and fractures in older adults.
- Mixed-methods study of clinician barriers to deprescribing in Indian outpatient settings, including medico-legal and patient expectation concerns.
- Cross-sectional study of patient willingness to deprescribe and factors influencing acceptance among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a high-risk medication deprescribing checklist in geriatric clinics and measuring prescribing changes.
- Pragmatic observational study of deprescribing interventions delivered during community geriatric camps and follow-up outcomes at three months.
Subsection 3.3: Medication Adherence, Literacy, and Patient Safety Practices
- Comparative study of pictorial medication schedules versus text-only schedules for adherence among older adults with low literacy in India.
- Comparative study of pill organizers versus blister packs for improving adherence in older adults with polypharmacy in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver-supervised dosing versus self-dosing for medication errors among older adults with mild cognitive impairment.
- Comparative study of telephonic adherence follow-up versus clinic-only counseling for blood pressure control in older adults.
- Comparative study of pharmacist counseling versus nurse counseling for inhaler technique retention in older adults with chronic lung disease.
- Comparative study of “teach-back” method versus routine counseling for medication understanding in older adults at discharge from Indian hospitals.
- Comparative study of home visit medication review versus clinic-based review for detecting unsafe storage and dosing practices in older adults.
- Comparative study of multilingual medication labels versus standard English labels for correct dosing among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of adverse event self-report diaries versus passive reporting for detection of medication harms in older adults.
- Comparative study of medication error rates in older adults using multiple pharmacies versus single pharmacy in an Indian urban setting.
- Comparative study of family member involvement versus paid caregiver involvement for adherence outcomes in dependent older adults.
- Comparative study of medicine affordability counseling versus usual care for improving persistence with essential medicines in older adults.
- Comparative study of clinical pharmacist availability versus no pharmacist in outpatient clinics for reduction of medication errors in older adults.
- Comparative study of audio-recorded medication instructions versus written instructions for recall in older adults with visual impairment.
- Comparative study of simplified dosing times (morning and evening only) versus multiple daily dosing times for adherence in older adults.
- Comparative study of community health worker–supported adherence monitoring versus usual care for follow-up completion in rural older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of “teach-back” discharge counseling versus routine counseling for reducing thirty-day medication-related readmissions in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pill organizer provision plus training versus pill organizer alone for adherence improvement in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of automated voice call reminders versus usual care for medication persistence in older adults with hypertension.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-focused medication safety training versus usual advice for reducing dosing errors in dependent older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led home medication review versus clinic-only review for reduction of high-risk medication use in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of multilingual medication labels plus pictograms versus standard labels for reducing dosing errors in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of mobile phone short message reminders versus no reminders for adherence in older adults with diabetes mellitus.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication cost counseling and generic substitution support versus usual care for improving adherence in low-income older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined medication and diet adherence coaching versus standard care for cardiometabolic control in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of inhaler technique training reinforcement every month versus single-session training for reducing exacerbations in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of falls-risk counseling focused on sedatives versus general counseling for reducing sedative use in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of patient-held medication card plus reconciliation at visits versus usual care for reduction of discrepancies in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker medication check-ins versus usual care for adherence and blood pressure control in rural older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication dispensing in synchronized refill cycles versus usual refill dates for reducing missed refills among older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of audio-visual counseling videos versus face-to-face counseling alone for improving medication understanding in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacy-based medication review program versus no program for reducing adverse drug events in older adults.
- Prospective observational study of medication adherence measured by electronic monitors and association with hospitalization in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of medication literacy and its association with dosing errors among older adults discharged from Indian hospitals.
- Retrospective observational study of medication-related emergency department visits among older adults and common preventable causes in India.
- Retrospective observational study of insulin administration errors among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and contributing factors.
- Mixed-methods study of reasons for intentional nonadherence among older adults in India, including cost, side effects, and cultural beliefs.
- Cross-sectional study of medicine storage practices and expired medicine use among older households in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a discharge medication counseling checklist and measuring patient understanding and discrepancy rates.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a “one patient, one prescription list” initiative across departments and its impact on duplicate prescribing in older adults.
Subsection 3.4: Adverse Drug Events, Pharmacovigilance, and High-Risk Scenarios
- Comparative study of trigger tool–based detection versus voluntary reporting for identifying adverse drug events in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of adverse drug event rates in older adults admitted to geriatric wards versus general medical wards in an Indian hospital.
- Comparative study of adverse drug events among older adults with chronic kidney disease versus without chronic kidney disease in India.
- Comparative study of anticoagulant-related bleeding events in older adults using direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in India.
- Comparative study of hypoglycemia events among older adults using sulfonylureas versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in Indian clinical practice.
- Comparative study of falls associated with sedative-hypnotics versus anticholinergic medicines in community-dwelling older adults in India.
- Comparative study of delirium incidence with anticholinergic burden high versus low among older inpatients.
- Comparative study of drug-induced kidney injury with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug exposure versus without exposure among older adults.
- Comparative study of orthostatic hypotension events with alpha blockers versus other antihypertensives in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of medication-related constipation incidence with opioids versus calcium channel blockers in older adults.
- Comparative study of drug–drug interaction prevalence in older adults receiving tuberculosis treatment versus those not receiving tuberculosis treatment.
- Comparative study of adverse event detection using structured follow-up calls versus routine follow-up in older outpatients.
- Comparative study of falls and fractures in older adults on polypharmacy with psychoactive medicines versus without psychoactive medicines.
- Comparative study of electrolyte disturbances with thiazide diuretics versus loop diuretics in older adults.
- Comparative study of adverse drug events in older adults using multiple over-the-counter medicines versus none in India.
- Comparative study of adverse drug events in older adults with frailty versus without frailty in Indian inpatient settings.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led anticoagulation monitoring versus usual care for reducing bleeding and thromboembolic events in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of hypoglycemia risk screening plus medication adjustment protocol versus usual care in older adults with diabetes mellitus.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured monitoring for kidney function after nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug prescription versus usual care in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication review targeting anticholinergic burden versus usual care for reducing delirium incidence in older inpatients.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication reconciliation at admission and discharge versus discharge only for reducing adverse drug events in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of electronic clinical decision support for high-risk prescribing versus usual care in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of falls prevention bundle plus sedative deprescribing versus falls bundle alone for reducing inpatient falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured anticoagulant education session versus routine counseling for reducing dosing errors and bleeding in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse-led adverse event surveillance versus usual care for improved detection and management of adverse drug events in older inpatients.
- Randomized controlled trial of early geriatrician review of medication charts versus usual care for reducing adverse drug events in older surgical patients.
- Randomized controlled trial of proton pump inhibitor deprescribing protocol versus continuation for reducing hypomagnesemia and infections in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of opioid-sparing pain protocol versus usual pain management for reducing delirium and constipation in older postoperative patients.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured “high-risk medicine” labeling and counseling versus usual dispensing for reducing medication errors in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of comprehensive falls and medication risk assessment in emergency department versus usual care for reducing return visits among older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led drug–drug interaction screening in outpatient clinics versus usual care for reducing clinically significant interactions in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication alert cards for patients on anticoagulants versus no cards for reducing preventable bleeding events in older adults.
- Prospective observational study of incidence and predictors of adverse drug events after hospital discharge among older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of drug-induced delirium and associated medication classes among older medical inpatients in India.
- Retrospective observational study of anticoagulant-related bleeding admissions among older adults and preventable factors in India.
- Retrospective observational study of hypoglycemia-related emergency department visits among older adults and medication predictors in India.
- Mixed-methods study of under-reporting of adverse drug reactions in older adults and clinician perceptions in Indian hospitals.
- Cross-sectional study of use of herbal medicines and potential interactions with prescribed medicines among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study introducing an adverse drug event trigger tool in medical wards and measuring detection rates and harm reduction.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a high-risk medication stewardship program in geriatric clinics and its effect on adverse events and prescribing patterns.
Subsection 3.5: Perioperative Medication Management and Transitions of Care
- Comparative study of preoperative medication reconciliation by pharmacist versus surgeon-led reconciliation for reducing perioperative medication errors in older adults.
- Comparative study of continuing versus withholding angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors before surgery and association with intraoperative hypotension in older adults.
- Comparative study of perioperative glycemic management using basal-bolus insulin versus sliding scale insulin for outcomes in older adults undergoing surgery.
- Comparative study of stopping versus continuing antiplatelet therapy for minor procedures and bleeding outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of direct oral anticoagulant interruption protocols versus warfarin bridging strategies for bleeding and thromboembolism outcomes in older adults.
- Comparative study of postoperative delirium rates with opioid-sparing analgesia versus opioid-heavy analgesia in older adults.
- Comparative study of discharge medication list accuracy with geriatric team involvement versus usual discharge process in older surgical patients.
- Comparative study of medication continuity after discharge in older adults discharged from orthopedic wards versus medical wards in India.
- Comparative study of transitional care follow-up call within seventy-two hours versus routine follow-up for medication adherence and readmissions in older adults.
- Comparative study of postoperative constipation prevention protocols versus usual care for bowel outcomes in older adults.
- Comparative study of perioperative sedative use patterns and association with falls and delirium after discharge in older adults.
- Comparative study of perioperative proton pump inhibitor prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis for gastrointestinal bleeding and infection outcomes in older adults.
- Comparative study of pain regimen complexity and adherence after surgery in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of discharge counseling delivered by nurse versus pharmacist for medication understanding in older postoperative patients.
- Comparative study of medication availability and cost barriers at discharge from public hospitals versus private hospitals for older adults in India.
- Comparative study of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis adherence to guidelines in older surgical patients and outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led perioperative medication reconciliation plus counseling versus usual care for reducing medication-related complications in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of opioid-sparing multimodal analgesia versus standard opioid-based analgesia for reducing delirium and constipation in older adults after surgery.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured transitional care program with medication follow-up calls versus usual care for reducing thirty-day readmissions in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of standardized discharge medication list with pictorial instructions versus usual discharge summary for adherence in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of perioperative anticoagulation management protocol with decision support versus usual care in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of early mobilization plus medication review versus early mobilization alone for reducing postoperative falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of basal-bolus insulin protocol versus sliding scale insulin for postoperative glycemic control and hypoglycemia in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of postoperative delirium prevention bundle including medication optimization versus standard care in older surgical patients.
- Randomized controlled trial of discharge counseling with caregiver present versus patient-only counseling for medication understanding and safety in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic stewardship review in older surgical patients versus usual prescribing for reduction of adverse events and resistance patterns.
- Randomized controlled trial of constipation prevention protocol (scheduled laxative) versus as-needed laxative use for bowel outcomes in older postoperative patients.
- Randomized controlled trial of “medication passport” carried by patients across visits versus usual records for reducing discrepancies in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of home visit transitional care within one week versus telephonic follow-up for medication adherence in dependent older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication dose simplification at discharge versus usual prescribing for reducing errors and improving satisfaction among older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of perioperative sedative restriction policy versus usual care for delirium and falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led coordination with community pharmacy versus usual care for ensuring medication availability after discharge in older adults.
- Prospective observational study of medication discrepancies at surgical admission and association with complications in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of post-discharge adverse drug events after orthopedic surgery among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of readmissions due to medication problems after hip fracture surgery in older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of anticoagulant interruption practices and bleeding outcomes among older adults undergoing procedures in India.
- Mixed-methods study of patient and caregiver experience of discharge medication instructions after surgery in Indian hospitals.
- Cross-sectional study of perioperative over-the-counter medicine and herbal supplement use and disclosure rates among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a surgical discharge medication checklist and measuring medication discrepancies and readmissions.
- Pragmatic implementation study of integrated transitional care with pharmacist and community health worker support for older adults after hospital discharge in India.
Section 4: Cognitive Disorders, Dementia Care, and Delirium Prevention
Subsection 4.1: Screening, Early Detection, and Diagnostic Pathways
- Comparative study of Hindi Mental State Examination versus Mini Mental State Examination for detecting cognitive impairment in older adults attending Indian primary care clinics.
- Comparative study of Montreal Cognitive Assessment versus Mini Mental State Examination for early detection of mild cognitive impairment in educated and less-educated older adults in India.
- Comparative study of informant-based questionnaire versus direct cognitive testing for detection of dementia in older adults with low literacy in India.
- Comparative study of clock drawing test versus verbal fluency test as quick screening tools for cognitive impairment in Indian geriatric clinics.
- Comparative study of community health worker–administered cognitive screening versus clinician-administered screening for feasibility and accuracy in rural India.
- Comparative study of depression screening plus cognitive screening versus cognitive screening alone for differentiating depression-related cognitive symptoms in older adults.
- Comparative study of hearing-adjusted cognitive assessment versus standard assessment for accuracy in older adults with hearing impairment.
- Comparative study of vision-adjusted cognitive assessment versus standard assessment for accuracy in older adults with visual impairment.
- Comparative study of comprehensive geriatric assessment cognitive domain versus standalone cognitive screening for predicting functional decline in older adults.
- Comparative study of magnetic resonance imaging–based assessment versus computed tomography–based assessment for diagnostic yield in older adults with cognitive decline in India.
- Comparative study of vascular dementia risk factor profile versus Alzheimer type dementia profile among Indian older adults presenting with cognitive decline.
- Comparative study of caregiver-reported functional decline scales versus clinician assessment for predicting dementia severity in India.
- Comparative study of outpatient memory clinic pathway versus general neurology clinic pathway for time to diagnosis and caregiver satisfaction in India.
- Comparative study of public hospital memory services versus private hospital memory services for diagnostic delays and treatment continuity in India.
- Comparative study of delirium screening at admission versus daily screening for detection rates among older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of telephone-based cognitive screening versus in-person screening for follow-up assessment in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured cognitive screening in primary care with referral pathway versus usual care for earlier dementia diagnosis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver education about early dementia signs versus standard health education for improving timely help-seeking in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hearing correction intervention before cognitive assessment versus usual care for improving diagnostic accuracy in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vision correction intervention before cognitive assessment versus usual care for improving diagnostic accuracy in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of memory clinic “one-stop evaluation day” versus multiple-visit evaluation for reducing dropouts and time to diagnosis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured delirium screening protocol versus usual care for reducing missed delirium diagnosis among older inpatients.
- Randomized controlled trial of community-based screening camp plus follow-up navigation versus camp alone for completion of diagnostic workup in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of culturally tailored cognitive test battery versus standard translated tests for reducing misclassification in low-literacy older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-present assessment versus patient-only assessment for diagnostic accuracy in older adults with suspected dementia.
- Randomized controlled trial of brief cognitive assessment training for primary care doctors versus no training for detection rates in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse-led cognitive screening versus physician-led screening for feasibility and diagnostic yield in Indian outpatient clinics.
- Randomized controlled trial of depression management before final cognitive diagnosis versus usual care for differentiating pseudo-dementia in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of risk factor modification counseling after mild cognitive impairment diagnosis versus usual care for cognitive trajectory in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured follow-up every three months versus usual follow-up for conversion rates from mild cognitive impairment to dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver navigation support for investigations and appointments versus usual care for reduced diagnostic delay in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of delirium awareness training for nurses versus usual training for improved detection and documentation in older inpatients.
- Prospective observational study of prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in older adults attending non-communicable disease clinics in India.
- Prospective observational study of predictors of rapid cognitive decline among Indian older adults newly diagnosed with dementia.
- Retrospective observational study of diagnostic delay duration and associated factors among older adults attending a memory clinic in India.
- Retrospective observational study of missed delirium diagnosis and associated outcomes in older medical inpatients in India.
- Mixed-methods study of stigma, beliefs, and barriers to seeking dementia diagnosis among families in India.
- Cross-sectional study of cognitive screening performance and education bias among older adults in India and need for adjusted cut-offs.
- Quality improvement study implementing standardized cognitive screening in geriatric clinics and measuring referral completion and diagnostic yield.
- Pragmatic implementation study of community health worker cognitive screening with tele-geriatrics support in rural India.
Subsection 4.2: Dementia Subtypes, Comorbidities, and Functional Outcomes
- Comparative study of clinical features and progression in Alzheimer type dementia versus vascular dementia among Indian older adults over one year.
- Comparative study of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies versus Alzheimer type dementia among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in frontotemporal dementia versus Alzheimer type dementia in an Indian setting.
- Comparative study of functional decline patterns in mixed dementia versus pure Alzheimer type dementia among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of stroke burden and imaging markers in vascular dementia versus mild cognitive impairment in India.
- Comparative study of diabetes mellitus presence versus absence and its association with dementia severity and progression among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of hearing impairment presence versus absence and its association with cognitive and functional outcomes in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of depression comorbidity versus no depression and its association with quality of life in older adults with dementia in India.
- Comparative study of frailty status and its association with hospitalization and mortality among Indian older adults with dementia.
- Comparative study of malnutrition prevalence and its association with functional decline in dementia among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of sleep disturbance prevalence in Alzheimer type dementia versus vascular dementia in India.
- Comparative study of urinary incontinence prevalence and functional impact in moderate versus severe dementia in India.
- Comparative study of falls incidence in dementia patients using psychoactive medicines versus those not using psychoactive medicines in India.
- Comparative study of pain under-recognition in dementia using structured pain scales versus routine assessment in India.
- Comparative study of care outcomes in dementia patients managed in geriatric clinic versus neurology clinic in India.
- Comparative study of institutionalized versus home-cared dementia patients for pressure injuries, infections, and caregiver stress in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured caregiver training program versus usual counseling for reducing caregiver burden and improving patient function in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of cognitive stimulation therapy versus usual care for improving cognition and activities of daily living in mild to moderate dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of exercise and balance training versus usual care for reducing falls and improving mobility in older adults with dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nutrition support intervention versus standard dietary advice for preventing weight loss in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep hygiene plus light exposure therapy versus usual care for improving sleep and reducing agitation in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-delivered behavioral management strategies versus pharmacological-first approach for agitation outcomes in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing anticholinergic medicines versus usual care for cognitive and functional outcomes in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured pain assessment and treatment protocol versus usual care for behavioral symptoms in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of music therapy versus usual recreational activities for agitation and mood in dementia patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home safety modification package versus usual care for reducing injuries in older adults with dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver peer-support groups versus no groups for caregiver depression and stress in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multidisciplinary dementia clinic follow-up versus usual fragmented care for emergency visits and caregiver satisfaction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of assistive technology reminders versus usual care for improving medication adherence in early dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured continence care program versus usual care for reducing urinary incontinence episodes in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based relaxation intervention versus usual care for anxiety and agitation in dementia caregivers and patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver respite care linkage versus usual care for caregiver strain reduction in India.
- Prospective observational study of progression rates and predictors in different dementia subtypes in an Indian memory clinic cohort.
- Prospective observational study of hospitalization causes and outcomes among Indian older adults with dementia over twelve months.
- Retrospective observational study of psychoactive medication use patterns and adverse events in dementia patients attending an Indian tertiary hospital.
- Retrospective observational study of weight loss trajectories and associated factors in dementia patients in India.
- Mixed-methods study of decision-making processes for institutionalization of dementia patients in Indian families.
- Cross-sectional study of unmet needs in dementia care and access to services among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a standardized dementia care plan template and measuring caregiver satisfaction and follow-up adherence.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a community dementia support program integrated with primary health centers in India.
Subsection 4.3: Delirium Prevention, Detection, and Hospital Outcomes
- Comparative study of Confusion Assessment Method versus 4AT delirium screening tool for detection accuracy in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of once-daily delirium screening versus twice-daily screening for detection and outcomes in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of delirium incidence in older adults in intensive care units versus general medical wards in India.
- Comparative study of postoperative delirium after hip fracture surgery versus elective orthopedic surgery in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of medication-related delirium risk in older adults receiving high anticholinergic burden medicines versus low burden medicines in India.
- Comparative study of dehydration assessment using clinical signs versus laboratory markers for predicting delirium in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of use of urinary catheter versus no catheter and delirium incidence among older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of restraint use versus non-restraint approach and delirium duration in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of sleep disruption measured by nursing observation versus patient report for predicting delirium in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of early mobilization program versus usual care for delirium prevention in older medical inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of delirium outcomes in older adults with dementia versus without dementia admitted to Indian hospitals.
- Comparative study of delirium duration in patients receiving benzodiazepines versus those not receiving benzodiazepines in India.
- Comparative study of infection-driven delirium versus metabolic-driven delirium for mortality and length of stay in India.
- Comparative study of delirium documentation quality before and after staff training in Indian medical wards.
- Comparative study of delirium-associated functional decline measured by Barthel Index versus Katz Index at discharge in India.
- Comparative study of delirium prevention bundle adherence in geriatric wards versus general wards in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multicomponent delirium prevention bundle versus usual care for reducing delirium incidence in older medical inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep promotion intervention (noise reduction and light management) versus usual care for delirium prevention in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of early mobilization plus physiotherapy versus standard mobilization for delirium reduction in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hydration protocol versus usual care for delirium prevention in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication review targeting psychoactive medicines versus usual care for delirium prevention in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of orientation and family engagement intervention versus usual care for delirium prevention in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hearing and vision aid provision during hospitalization versus usual care for delirium prevention in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of reduced nighttime vital sign interruptions versus usual care for improving sleep and reducing delirium in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of catheter avoidance protocol versus usual care for delirium and infection reduction in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of non-pharmacological agitation management training for nurses versus usual training for delirium duration reduction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of melatonin versus placebo for delirium prevention in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of scheduled pain assessment and multimodal analgesia versus usual care for postoperative delirium prevention in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of family-assisted reorientation program versus usual care for delirium prevention in Indian medical wards.
- Randomized controlled trial of physical restraint minimization protocol versus usual care for delirium duration and complications in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of intensive care unit delirium prevention bundle versus standard intensive care unit care in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of staff training plus screening protocol versus usual care for reducing missed delirium cases and complications in India.
- Prospective observational study of delirium risk factors and outcomes among older adults admitted to Indian medical wards.
- Prospective observational study of delirium-related functional decline and recovery over three months after discharge in India.
- Retrospective observational study of delirium incidence and associated mortality among older adults admitted with infections in India.
- Retrospective observational study of anticholinergic medication exposure and delirium outcomes among older inpatients in India.
- Mixed-methods study of nurse and caregiver perspectives on delirium recognition barriers in Indian hospitals.
- Cross-sectional study of delirium knowledge, attitudes, and practices among resident doctors and nurses in Indian teaching hospitals.
- Quality improvement study implementing the 4AT delirium screening tool and measuring detection, documentation, and outcomes in older inpatients in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a delirium prevention bundle in a resource-limited Indian hospital and its impact on length of stay and complications.
Subsection 4.4: Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia and Non-Pharmacological Care
- Comparative study of caregiver-reported agitation scales versus clinician-rated scales for monitoring behavioral symptoms in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of music therapy versus reminiscence therapy for reducing agitation in mild to moderate dementia in India.
- Comparative study of structured daytime activity program versus usual home routine for reducing evening agitation in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver-delivered behavior management versus professional therapist-delivered management for feasibility and outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of antipsychotic-first approach versus non-pharmacological-first approach for agitation management outcomes in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of sleep hygiene intervention versus sedative prescription for insomnia and agitation in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of pain management protocol versus usual care for reducing aggression episodes in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of sensory stimulation (aromatherapy) versus standard care for anxiety symptoms in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of group caregiver counseling versus individual counseling for caregiver stress reduction in India.
- Comparative study of home environmental modification versus routine advice for reducing wandering-related incidents in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver depression prevalence in families using paid caregiver support versus no paid support in India.
- Comparative study of elder abuse risk factors among dementia households versus non-dementia households in India.
- Comparative study of behavioral symptom triggers in urban versus rural dementia patients in India.
- Comparative study of appetite and feeding problems in dementia managed with structured feeding assistance versus usual family feeding practices in India.
- Comparative study of driving cessation counseling versus usual advice for safety outcomes in early dementia in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver coping strategies and association with patient behavioral symptom severity in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training in behavioral management versus usual counseling for reducing agitation and caregiver burden in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of music therapy sessions versus usual activities for behavioral symptom reduction in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured daily activity scheduling versus usual routine for reducing sundowning symptoms in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep hygiene plus daytime light exposure versus usual care for sleep and agitation outcomes in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pain assessment and treatment protocol versus usual care for reducing behavioral symptoms in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver mindfulness-based stress reduction versus usual support for caregiver anxiety and depression in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home safety and wandering prevention package versus usual care for reducing missing-person events in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver peer-support groups versus no groups for improving caregiver coping and reducing burnout in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured feeding assistance training versus usual advice for improving nutrition and reducing aspiration events in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of reminiscence therapy versus general conversation sessions for mood and agitation outcomes in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of aromatherapy versus placebo fragrance for anxiety and sleep outcomes in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver respite linkage versus usual care for reducing caregiver strain and improving patient care continuity in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of non-pharmacological agitation toolkit for nurses in wards versus usual care for behavioral symptoms in hospitalized dementia patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured communication training for caregivers versus usual care for reducing conflicts and agitation in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of occupational therapy–guided meaningful activity plan versus usual care for apathy reduction in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multidisciplinary behavioral symptom clinic versus usual care for medication reduction and symptom control in dementia in India.
- Prospective observational study of predictors of behavioral symptom escalation and hospitalization among dementia patients in India.
- Prospective observational study of caregiver sleep quality and its association with patient nighttime behaviors in dementia in India.
- Retrospective observational study of antipsychotic prescribing patterns and adverse events among dementia patients in India.
- Retrospective observational study of hospital admissions due to behavioral symptoms and precipitating factors among dementia patients in India.
- Mixed-methods study of caregiver experiences managing aggression and wandering in dementia in Indian households.
- Cross-sectional study of caregiver burden, depression, and associated social determinants among dementia caregivers in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a non-pharmacological behavioral symptom protocol in a memory clinic and measuring antipsychotic use reduction in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a community caregiver training program delivered through primary health centers and its impact on behavioral symptoms in dementia in India.
Subsection 4.5: Post-Discharge Cognitive Outcomes and Community Dementia Support
- Comparative study of post-discharge cognitive decline in older adults with delirium versus without delirium admitted to Indian hospitals.
- Comparative study of home-based dementia follow-up versus clinic-based follow-up for caregiver satisfaction and adherence in India.
- Comparative study of community dementia support groups versus no support groups for caregiver burden and patient outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of telemedicine follow-up versus in-person follow-up for behavioral symptom control in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of structured discharge planning for dementia versus routine discharge planning for thirty-day readmission in India.
- Comparative study of medication adherence in dementia patients with caregiver supervision versus without supervision in India.
- Comparative study of nutrition support at home versus no nutrition support for weight loss prevention in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of falls incidence in dementia patients after discharge with home safety modifications versus no modifications in India.
- Comparative study of palliative care integration early versus late in advanced dementia for symptom burden outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver training delivered in hospital versus delivered at home for skill retention in dementia care in India.
- Comparative study of community health worker follow-up versus no follow-up for appointment completion in dementia patients in rural India.
- Comparative study of dementia care pathways in joint families versus nuclear families and association with caregiver burden in India.
- Comparative study of financial stress and out-of-pocket expenditure in dementia households versus non-dementia households in India.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake in dementia patients with caregiver counseling versus routine care in India.
- Comparative study of advanced care planning completion rates with structured counseling versus usual counseling in dementia in India.
- Comparative study of emergency department utilization patterns in dementia patients enrolled in community support program versus not enrolled in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured transitional care with home visit versus standard follow-up for reducing readmissions in dementia patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of telephonic caregiver coaching versus usual care for behavioral symptom management in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community support group participation versus no participation for caregiver depression reduction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home safety modification plus falls prevention exercises versus usual care for reducing injuries in dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nutrition supplementation versus usual diet for preventing weight loss in community-dwelling dementia patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of advance care planning structured intervention versus usual counseling for documentation rates in advanced dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker follow-up plus appointment navigation versus usual care for improving continuity of dementia care in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver skills training using video modules versus face-to-face training for feasibility and outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of early palliative care consultation versus usual care for symptom control in advanced dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured medication review and deprescribing in dementia versus usual care for reducing adverse drug events in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured physical activity program versus usual care for maintaining function in mild dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of social engagement program versus usual care for reducing loneliness and depression in early dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver respite service linkage versus usual care for reducing caregiver burnout in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of integrated dementia clinic with multidisciplinary follow-up versus usual fragmented care for emergency visits in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community-based cognitive stimulation sessions versus usual care for function outcomes in mild to moderate dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training with periodic reinforcement versus one-time training for sustained burden reduction in India.
- Prospective observational study of post-discharge cognitive and functional trajectories in dementia patients following hospitalization in India.
- Prospective observational study of caregiver burden evolution and predictors over one year among dementia caregivers in India.
- Retrospective observational study of preventable causes of emergency department visits in dementia patients in India and potential community interventions.
- Retrospective observational study of advanced dementia end-of-life care patterns and hospitalizations in India.
- Mixed-methods study of acceptability and barriers to advance care planning discussions among Indian families caring for dementia patients.
- Cross-sectional study of awareness and utilization of government welfare schemes among dementia households in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a dementia discharge bundle and measuring readmissions, caregiver understanding, and follow-up completion in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a district-level dementia registry and community follow-up program and its impact on service utilization in India.
Section 5: Mental Health, Sleep Disorders, and Psychosocial Well-being in Older Adults
Subsection 5.1: Late-life Depression, Anxiety, and Screening Pathways
- Comparative study of Geriatric Depression Scale versus Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for detecting depression among older adults attending Indian primary care clinics.
- Comparative study of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale versus Geriatric Depression Scale for feasibility and accuracy in older medical inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of routine depression screening in non-communicable disease clinics versus opportunistic screening for detection rates in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of depression screening performed by nurses versus physicians for detection and referral completion among older adults in Indian hospitals.
- Comparative study of depression prevalence and correlates in older adults living alone versus living with family in urban India.
- Comparative study of anxiety symptom burden in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus heart failure in an Indian tertiary hospital.
- Comparative study of depression severity among older adults with frailty versus without frailty in Indian geriatric clinics.
- Comparative study of caregiver stress and depression among families caring for dementia versus families caring for stroke survivors in India.
- Comparative study of depression associated with financial insecurity versus depression associated with bereavement in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of suicidal ideation reporting rates using direct clinician interview versus anonymous questionnaire among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of depression screening cut-offs adjusted for low literacy versus standard cut-offs in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of depression presentation in older adults with chronic pain versus without chronic pain in India.
- Comparative study of screening for alcohol use disorder and its association with depression in older men in India.
- Comparative study of social isolation scoring tools and their association with depression in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of depression treatment uptake in public hospitals versus private hospitals among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of referral to psychiatry versus collaborative care within geriatric clinics for depression outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of collaborative depression care in geriatric clinics versus usual referral-based care for symptom improvement in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of problem-solving therapy versus supportive counseling for late-life depression in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based mindfulness intervention versus health education for reducing anxiety and depression in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured physical activity program versus usual care for improvement of depressive symptoms in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep hygiene plus depression counseling versus depression counseling alone for symptom reduction in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of social prescribing intervention (linkage to community groups) versus usual care for reducing loneliness and depression in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-inclusive counseling versus patient-only counseling for depression outcomes in dependent older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of antidepressant initiation with close follow-up versus standard follow-up for adherence and remission in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of telephonic counseling versus in-person counseling for depression management in rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured bereavement support program versus usual care for reducing depression after spousal loss in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–delivered basic psychosocial intervention versus usual care for mild depression in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of culturally adapted cognitive behavioral therapy versus usual counseling for late-life anxiety in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pain management optimization versus usual care for reducing depression in older adults with chronic pain in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of financial counseling and welfare scheme linkage versus usual care for depression outcomes in low-income older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of brief behavioral activation sessions versus usual care for mild to moderate depression in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of integrated depression screening and treatment in non-communicable disease clinics versus usual care for remission rates in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of incidence of depression after acute hospitalization and predictors among older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of depression and anxiety trajectories after diagnosis of chronic disease among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of antidepressant prescribing patterns, adherence, and adverse events among older adults in an Indian tertiary hospital.
- Retrospective observational study of psychiatric consultation referral completion and barriers among older medical inpatients in India.
- Mixed-methods study of stigma, beliefs, and barriers to seeking mental health care among older adults in India.
- Cross-sectional study of social isolation, elder abuse, and association with depression among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing routine depression screening in geriatric outpatient clinics and measuring detection and treatment initiation rates.
- Pragmatic implementation study of task-shared psychosocial counseling delivered by trained nurses in geriatric clinics in India.
Subsection 5.2: Sleep Disorders, Insomnia, and Circadian Health
- Comparative study of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index versus Insomnia Severity Index for identifying clinically significant insomnia in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of sleep diary–based assessment versus questionnaire-based assessment for predicting daytime dysfunction in older adults.
- Comparative study of insomnia prevalence in older adults with chronic pain versus without chronic pain in India.
- Comparative study of restless legs syndrome screening using questionnaire versus clinician diagnosis among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of obstructive sleep apnea screening using STOP-BANG questionnaire versus Berlin questionnaire in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of daytime napping patterns in urban versus rural older adults and association with nocturnal insomnia in India.
- Comparative study of nocturia-related sleep disruption in older men with benign prostatic enlargement versus older women with overactive bladder symptoms in India.
- Comparative study of sleep disturbance in dementia caregivers versus non-caregiver older adults in India.
- Comparative study of sleep quality in older adults using benzodiazepines versus non-benzodiazepine approaches in India.
- Comparative study of sleep impairment and its association with falls risk in Indian older adults attending falls clinics.
- Comparative study of sleep problems in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus heart failure in India.
- Comparative study of sleep quality changes before and after cataract surgery among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of sleep disturbance and depression co-occurrence and their association with functional decline in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of sleep hygiene knowledge and practices in older adults with insomnia versus without insomnia in India.
- Comparative study of sleep quality in institutionalized older adults versus community-dwelling older adults in India.
- Comparative study of insomnia management in geriatric clinics versus general medicine clinics and sedative prescribing patterns in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia versus sleep hygiene education for older adults with chronic insomnia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of melatonin versus placebo for improving sleep onset and sleep quality in older adults with insomnia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of morning bright light therapy versus usual care for improving circadian rhythm and sleep in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based relaxation program versus usual care for improving insomnia and anxiety in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured nocturia management protocol versus usual care for improving sleep quality and reducing falls in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing benzodiazepines with insomnia therapy versus usual care for sleep and falls outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction versus health education for sleep quality improvement in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of aerobic exercise program versus stretching for improving sleep quality and daytime energy in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver sleep support intervention versus usual care for sleep quality improvement in dementia caregivers in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with continuous positive airway pressure versus usual care for blood pressure and cognition in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of evening screen-time reduction intervention versus usual care for insomnia improvement in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep-promoting ward protocol (noise and light reduction) versus usual care for older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of timed protein-rich evening snack versus usual diet for reducing nocturnal awakenings in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of foot massage therapy versus usual care for sleep quality improvement in older adults with insomnia.
- Randomized controlled trial of community sleep education sessions versus pamphlets for insomnia management in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of warm bath intervention versus usual care for sleep onset improvement in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of sleep disturbance as a predictor of falls and hospitalization over one year among Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of obstructive sleep apnea risk and association with cognitive decline in older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of sedative-hypnotic prescribing patterns and association with inpatient falls among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of nocturia-related emergency visits and associated sleep disruption in older adults in India.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to non-pharmacological insomnia treatments among Indian older adults and clinicians.
- Cross-sectional study of sleep quality and its association with frailty, sarcopenia, and depression among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a benzodiazepine deprescribing pathway for insomnia and measuring sedative use and sleep outcomes.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a sleep hygiene counseling program delivered at primary health centers and its impact on sleep quality among older adults in India.
Subsection 5.3: Loneliness, Social Isolation, and Community Participation
- Comparative study of UCLA Loneliness Scale versus De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale for identifying high loneliness among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of loneliness prevalence in older adults in urban slums versus non-slum urban areas in India.
- Comparative study of social isolation in older adults living alone versus living in joint families in India and association with depression.
- Comparative study of community participation scores in older adults engaged in senior clubs versus not engaged in clubs in India.
- Comparative study of smartphone use for social connection versus no smartphone use and association with loneliness in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver loneliness in families caring for dementia versus families caring for chronic kidney disease patients in India.
- Comparative study of widowhood-related loneliness versus retirement-related loneliness and association with health care utilization in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of intergenerational living versus living with spouse only and association with social participation in India.
- Comparative study of religious group participation versus no participation and its association with loneliness and wellbeing in older adults.
- Comparative study of social isolation and malnutrition association in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of loneliness and cardiovascular risk factor control among older adults with hypertension and diabetes mellitus in India.
- Comparative study of loneliness and sleep quality association in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of loneliness in older adults with hearing impairment versus without hearing impairment in India.
- Comparative study of social isolation in rural older adults versus urban older adults in India.
- Comparative study of social participation in older adults receiving home-based care versus clinic-based care in India.
- Comparative study of elder abuse risk among socially isolated older adults versus socially connected older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of social prescribing (linkage to community groups) versus usual care for reducing loneliness and improving wellbeing in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of group activity program (exercise plus socialization) versus exercise alone for loneliness reduction in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of smartphone training for older adults versus no training for improving social connectedness and reducing loneliness in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of volunteer telephone befriending program versus usual care for reducing loneliness and depression in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of intergenerational program with school visits versus usual care for improving mood and social participation in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of hearing aid provision plus social engagement coaching versus hearing aid alone for loneliness reduction in older adults with hearing loss.
- Randomized controlled trial of community meal program plus group activities versus meal program alone for loneliness and nutrition outcomes in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver support group participation versus no group participation for caregiver loneliness and stress reduction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of culturally tailored senior club model versus usual community activities for participation and wellbeing in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga group sessions versus home yoga practice for social engagement and wellbeing in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker home visits with social connection plan versus usual visits for loneliness reduction in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of transport support to attend community activities versus no transport support for social participation in mobility-limited older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of arts and music group sessions versus usual care for improving social participation in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of neighborhood-based “buddy system” versus usual care for reducing social isolation and improving safety in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based financial and legal literacy sessions versus usual care for empowerment and reduced stress in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured community volunteering opportunities versus usual care for wellbeing improvement in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of loneliness as a predictor of hospitalization and mortality over one year among Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of transitions in social networks after retirement and association with depression among Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of emergency department use patterns among socially isolated older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of outpatient appointment adherence in older adults with high loneliness scores in India.
- Mixed-methods study of cultural norms, stigma, and barriers to social participation among older adults in India.
- Cross-sectional study of loneliness, elder abuse, and association with health outcomes among Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing loneliness screening in geriatric clinics and measuring referrals to community supports in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a district-level senior engagement program and its impact on loneliness and health care utilization in older adults in India.
Subsection 5.4: Elder Abuse, Neglect, and Safeguarding in Clinical Practice
- Comparative study of elder abuse screening using a brief questionnaire versus clinician judgment for detection rates in Indian geriatric clinics.
- Comparative study of elder abuse prevalence among dependent older adults versus independent older adults in India.
- Comparative study of financial exploitation patterns in older adults with cognitive impairment versus without cognitive impairment in India.
- Comparative study of elder neglect risk in older adults living alone versus living with family in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden scores and association with elder abuse risk in Indian households.
- Comparative study of elder abuse reporting rates in public hospitals versus private hospitals in India.
- Comparative study of elder abuse detection in emergency departments versus outpatient clinics among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of elder abuse prevalence in rural versus urban settings in India.
- Comparative study of elder abuse among older women versus older men in India and associated determinants.
- Comparative study of psychological abuse versus financial abuse and their association with depression in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of elder abuse risk among older adults with dementia versus without dementia in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver substance use presence versus absence and association with elder abuse risk in India.
- Comparative study of legal awareness of elder rights among abused versus non-abused older adults in India.
- Comparative study of elder abuse screening conducted with caregiver present versus without caregiver present for disclosure rates in India.
- Comparative study of hospital social work involvement versus no involvement for safety planning in suspected elder abuse cases in India.
- Comparative study of community-based elder support services awareness and association with abuse reporting in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of routine elder abuse screening plus referral pathway versus usual care for detection and safety planning in Indian geriatric clinics.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver stress management program versus usual care for reducing risk indicators of elder abuse in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of financial counseling and legal aid linkage versus usual care for reducing financial exploitation among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker training to identify abuse signs versus usual training for increased detection in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of elder rights education sessions versus usual care for improving reporting and help-seeking among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of respite care linkage for overwhelmed caregivers versus usual care for reducing caregiver strain and abuse risk in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multidisciplinary case conference approach versus usual care for improving safety outcomes in suspected elder abuse cases.
- Randomized controlled trial of confidential hotline-based counseling versus usual care for increasing reporting among abused older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hospital-based social work follow-up calls versus no calls for improving safety plan adherence in elder abuse cases.
- Randomized controlled trial of cognitive impairment screening in abuse victims versus no screening for appropriate interventions in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured caregiver education about dementia behaviors versus usual care for reducing conflict-related abuse risk in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home visit assessment by multidisciplinary team versus clinic-only assessment for safeguarding outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of neighborhood watch and support program versus usual care for reducing neglect among older adults living alone in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of financial transaction monitoring support for at-risk older adults versus usual care for reducing exploitation in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of integrated elder abuse screening in emergency department triage versus usual care for increased detection in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of counseling and shelter linkage intervention versus usual care for older women experiencing domestic violence in India.
- Prospective observational study of predictors of elder abuse disclosure and reporting among older adults attending Indian hospitals.
- Prospective observational study of recurrence of elder abuse and effectiveness of safety planning interventions over six months in India.
- Retrospective observational study of clinical characteristics of elder abuse cases presenting to an Indian emergency department.
- Retrospective observational study of outcomes of referred elder abuse cases to legal and social services in India.
- Mixed-methods study of clinician attitudes and perceived barriers to elder abuse screening and intervention in India.
- Cross-sectional study of elder abuse and association with frailty, depression, and hospitalization among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing an elder abuse screening protocol in geriatric clinics and measuring detection and referral rates.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a district-level elder safeguarding referral network and its impact on case outcomes in India.
Subsection 5.5: Caregiver Burden, Resilience, and Support Interventions
- Comparative study of Zarit Burden Interview versus Caregiver Strain Index for assessing caregiver burden in Indian family caregivers.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in dementia versus stroke versus chronic kidney disease caregiving in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in joint families versus nuclear families in India and associated determinants.
- Comparative study of paid caregiver involvement versus family-only caregiving and association with caregiver depression in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver sleep quality in caregivers of bedridden older adults versus caregivers of ambulatory older adults in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in rural versus urban caregiving households in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden and coping strategies among caregivers of older adults with urinary incontinence versus without incontinence.
- Comparative study of caregiver financial strain in households with high out-of-pocket expenditure versus lower expenditure in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in caregivers of older adults with behavioral symptoms versus primarily physical disability in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver resilience scores and association with reduced burnout among Indian caregivers.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in caregivers of older adults with terminal illness versus chronic stable illness in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver training received in hospital versus community and association with caregiver confidence in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in caregivers of older adults receiving palliative care versus not receiving palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden and elder abuse risk indicators in Indian households.
- Comparative study of caregiver health outcomes in caregivers receiving support group participation versus not participating in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in families with access to welfare schemes versus without access in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured caregiver skills training program versus usual counseling for reducing caregiver burden in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver peer-support groups versus no groups for reducing caregiver depression and stress in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of respite care linkage intervention versus usual care for reducing caregiver burnout in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction for caregivers versus health education for caregiver anxiety reduction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of telephonic caregiver coaching versus usual care for improving coping and reducing burden in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based physiotherapy training for caregivers versus usual care for reducing caregiver musculoskeletal pain in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of financial counseling and welfare scheme navigation versus usual care for reducing caregiver stress in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured sleep support intervention for caregivers versus usual care for improving caregiver sleep quality in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training for dementia behavioral management versus usual care for reducing caregiver burden in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training for safe transfers and toileting versus usual care for caregiver injury reduction and burden in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multicomponent caregiver support package versus single counseling session for caregiver outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker home visits for caregiver support versus usual care for reducing caregiver burden in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of app-based caregiver education modules versus printed modules for caregiver confidence and burden reduction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured family meetings facilitated by social worker versus usual care for reducing conflict and caregiver stress in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of palliative care early integration counseling for caregivers versus usual care for caregiver burden reduction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver exercise and back care program versus usual care for reducing caregiver musculoskeletal pain and improving function in India.
- Prospective observational study of caregiver burden trajectories and predictors over one year among Indian caregivers.
- Prospective observational study of caregiver depression incidence and associated factors among caregivers of older adults with chronic illness in India.
- Retrospective observational study of caregiver-related reasons for hospital readmission among dependent older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of health outcomes and clinic utilization among caregivers attending caregiver support services in India.
- Mixed-methods study of caregiver experiences navigating Indian health systems and welfare schemes for older adults.
- Cross-sectional study of caregiver burden and association with elder abuse risk indicators in Indian households.
- Quality improvement study implementing routine caregiver burden screening in geriatric clinics and measuring referrals to support services in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a primary health center–based caregiver support program and its impact on caregiver outcomes in India.
Section 6: Falls, Osteoporosis, Sarcopenia, and Musculoskeletal Health
Subsection 6.1: Osteoporosis Screening, Risk Stratification, and Treatment Pathways
- Comparative study of fracture risk assessment tool score versus bone mineral density measurement for predicting incident fractures in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of ultrasound heel densitometry versus dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for osteoporosis screening feasibility in Indian community camps.
- Comparative study of vitamin D deficiency prevalence in older adults with fragility fractures versus those without fractures in India.
- Comparative study of osteoporosis treatment initiation rates after hip fracture in orthopedics-led follow-up versus geriatric-led fracture liaison service in India.
- Comparative study of adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementation in older adults receiving counseling by pharmacist versus physician in India.
- Comparative study of secondary osteoporosis workup completion rates in public hospitals versus private hospitals in India.
- Comparative study of fall risk score versus fracture risk score for predicting fragility fractures in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of vertebral fracture detection using lateral spine x-ray versus clinical height loss screening in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of osteoporosis awareness levels in older women attending gynecology clinics versus geriatric clinics in India.
- Comparative study of osteoporosis prevalence and risk factors in rural versus urban older Indian women.
- Comparative study of bisphosphonate adherence using weekly dosing versus monthly dosing in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of gastrointestinal side effects and adherence in older adults using oral bisphosphonates versus intravenous bisphosphonates in India.
- Comparative study of osteoporosis management by endocrinology clinic versus geriatric clinic for persistence and fracture outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of fracture liaison service–identified cases versus routine care identified cases for time to treatment initiation in India.
- Comparative study of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis screening in older adults with chronic lung disease versus without chronic lung disease in India.
- Comparative study of calcium intake estimates using food frequency questionnaire versus 24-hour dietary recall in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of weekly oral bisphosphonate versus monthly oral bisphosphonate for adherence and bone mineral density change in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D high-dose monthly regimen versus daily regimen for achieving sufficiency and reducing falls in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of supervised strength and balance program plus osteoporosis treatment versus osteoporosis treatment alone for fracture reduction in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of fracture liaison service intervention versus usual care for osteoporosis treatment initiation after fragility fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led osteoporosis counseling versus standard care for improving medication persistence in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of calcium-rich diet counseling versus calcium supplementation for improving calcium intake and bone markers in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based exercise program versus center-based program for improving balance and reducing fall-related fractures in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vertebral fracture screening with targeted therapy versus usual care for reducing subsequent fractures in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of alendronate versus risedronate for tolerability and adherence in Indian older adults with osteoporosis.
- Randomized controlled trial of osteoporosis education sessions delivered in groups versus individual counseling for knowledge and adherence in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined protein supplementation plus vitamin D versus vitamin D alone for muscle and bone outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of fall prevention bundle plus fracture risk management versus fall prevention alone for fracture outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of reminder calls for bisphosphonate dosing versus no reminders for adherence in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of intravenous zoledronic acid yearly versus oral bisphosphonate for persistence and fracture outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured secondary osteoporosis workup protocol versus usual care for detection of reversible causes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hip protectors versus no hip protectors for reduction of hip fractures in high-risk older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of fracture risk assessment tool scores and incident fractures over one year in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone levels, and fracture risk among Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of osteoporosis treatment rates after fragility fracture and predictors of treatment initiation in India.
- Retrospective observational study of bisphosphonate adverse effects and discontinuation patterns among Indian older adults.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to osteoporosis treatment adherence among Indian older adults, including beliefs and cost factors.
- Cross-sectional study of dietary calcium intake, sunlight exposure, and osteoporosis risk among Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing a fracture liaison service in an Indian hospital and measuring treatment initiation and follow-up rates.
- Pragmatic implementation study of community-based osteoporosis screening camps and linkage to care in India.
Subsection 6.2: Hip Fracture, Postoperative Care, and Rehabilitation Outcomes
- Comparative study of orthogeriatric co-management versus orthopedic-only care for postoperative complications and length of stay after hip fracture in India.
- Comparative study of early surgery within forty-eight hours versus delayed surgery and outcomes among Indian older adults with hip fracture.
- Comparative study of spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia and delirium incidence after hip fracture surgery in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of hemiarthroplasty versus internal fixation for functional outcomes in displaced femoral neck fractures in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of inpatient rehabilitation versus home-based rehabilitation for mobility recovery after hip fracture in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver training at discharge versus routine discharge advice for preventing complications after hip fracture in India.
- Comparative study of postoperative pain management using multimodal analgesia versus opioid-heavy regimen and outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of postoperative delirium prevention bundle versus usual care in hip fracture patients in India.
- Comparative study of nutritional supplementation after hip fracture versus usual diet and functional outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of osteoporosis treatment initiation after hip fracture in fracture liaison service versus routine care in India.
- Comparative study of pressure injury rates in hip fracture patients managed in geriatric ward versus orthopedic ward in India.
- Comparative study of catheter avoidance protocol versus routine catheter use and urinary infection rates after hip fracture surgery in India.
- Comparative study of thromboprophylaxis adherence in public hospital versus private hospital hip fracture pathways in India.
- Comparative study of readmission rates in hip fracture patients discharged with structured follow-up versus usual follow-up in India.
- Comparative study of mortality predictors in hip fracture patients with frailty versus without frailty in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden trajectories after hip fracture versus after stroke in Indian families.
- Randomized controlled trial of intensified physiotherapy twice daily versus once daily for functional recovery after hip fracture surgery in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein supplementation versus placebo for improving muscle strength and mobility after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of geriatric co-management versus usual orthopedic care for delirium reduction and functional outcomes after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of early mobilization within twenty-four hours versus standard mobilization for reducing complications after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multimodal analgesia protocol versus usual pain care for delirium and mobility outcomes after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training program versus standard counseling for improved home care and reduced readmissions after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of fracture liaison service intervention versus usual care for secondary prevention after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based telerehabilitation versus in-person outpatient rehabilitation for functional outcomes after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of delirium prevention bundle versus usual care in postoperative hip fracture patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of constipation prevention protocol versus usual care for bowel outcomes after hip fracture surgery in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pressure injury prevention bundle versus usual care for skin outcomes after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anemia management protocol (intravenous iron) versus usual care for fatigue and mobility after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of catheter avoidance protocol versus usual care for urinary infection reduction after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of discharge planning with home visit versus standard discharge planning for reducing falls and readmissions after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of balance training addition to standard rehabilitation versus standard rehabilitation alone after hip fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D plus calcium supplementation versus placebo for recovery and fall reduction after hip fracture in India.
- Prospective observational study of functional recovery trajectories and predictors after hip fracture surgery among Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of delirium incidence and risk factors in Indian hip fracture patients and its association with mortality.
- Retrospective observational study of time to surgery and outcomes after hip fracture in a government hospital in India.
- Retrospective observational study of postoperative complications and predictors among Indian hip fracture patients, including comorbidity and frailty.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to rehabilitation adherence after hip fracture in Indian older adults and caregivers.
- Cross-sectional study of quality of life and depression among Indian hip fracture survivors at six months.
- Quality improvement study implementing an orthogeriatric pathway for hip fracture and measuring length of stay and complications in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a district-level hip fracture rehabilitation referral network and its impact on functional outcomes in India.
Subsection 6.3: Chronic Osteoarthritis, Pain, and Non-Pharmacological Management
- Comparative study of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index versus Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for monitoring knee osteoarthritis in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of physiotherapy-led education versus orthopedic-led education for pain and function outcomes in knee osteoarthritis in India.
- Comparative study of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs versus oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain control and kidney safety in older adults with osteoarthritis in India.
- Comparative study of intra-articular steroid injection versus hyaluronic acid injection for pain relief duration in knee osteoarthritis in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of use of walking aids with structured training versus walking aid prescription alone for mobility outcomes in osteoarthritis in India.
- Comparative study of yoga-based exercise program versus conventional strengthening exercises for knee pain and function in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of weight reduction counseling versus usual care for pain outcomes in obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis in India.
- Comparative study of aquatic exercise versus land-based exercise for pain and function outcomes in knee osteoarthritis in India.
- Comparative study of home-based exercise adherence versus center-based adherence and predictors among Indian older adults with osteoarthritis.
- Comparative study of depression presence versus absence and its association with osteoarthritis pain severity in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of non-pharmacological pain coping strategies versus reliance on analgesics and association with function in India.
- Comparative study of knee brace use versus no brace use for pain reduction and mobility in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of physiotherapist-supervised versus unsupervised home strengthening for knee osteoarthritis in India.
- Comparative study of traditional Indian floor-sitting habits versus chair-based living and association with knee osteoarthritis disability.
- Comparative study of patient education using videos versus pamphlets for knee osteoarthritis self-management in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of opioid use versus non-opioid analgesic use and falls risk in older adults with osteoarthritis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based exercise versus standard physiotherapy for pain reduction and functional improvement in knee osteoarthritis in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs versus oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain control and adverse events in older adults with osteoarthritis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured weight loss program plus exercise versus exercise alone for knee osteoarthritis outcomes in obese older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of aquatic exercise versus land-based exercise for pain and function in Indian older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
- Randomized controlled trial of physiotherapist-supervised strengthening versus home exercise booklet for improving adherence and function in knee osteoarthritis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of knee brace plus exercise versus exercise alone for pain and mobility improvement in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based pain management versus usual care for chronic osteoarthritis pain in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of tai chi–based movements versus conventional exercises for balance and pain outcomes in knee osteoarthritis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of heat therapy versus placebo for morning stiffness and pain in Indian older adults with osteoarthritis.
- Randomized controlled trial of foot orthotics versus usual footwear for knee osteoarthritis pain and gait outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-assisted home exercise versus self-exercise for improving adherence and pain outcomes in dependent older adults with osteoarthritis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of group education sessions versus individual counseling for osteoarthritis self-management in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of duloxetine versus placebo for chronic osteoarthritis pain and function in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of opioid-sparing pain protocol versus usual care for reducing falls and constipation in older adults with osteoarthritis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of mobile phone exercise reminders versus no reminders for adherence and outcomes in Indian older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
- Randomized controlled trial of community-based physiotherapy camps versus hospital-based physiotherapy for access and outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of predictors of progression of knee osteoarthritis disability over one year among Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of analgesic use patterns and association with kidney function decline in older adults with osteoarthritis in India.
- Retrospective observational study of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug adverse events among older adults with osteoarthritis in Indian hospitals.
- Retrospective observational study of knee replacement referral patterns and determinants among Indian older adults with severe osteoarthritis.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to exercise adherence in older adults with osteoarthritis in India, including household responsibilities and beliefs.
- Cross-sectional study of sarcopenia prevalence and association with knee osteoarthritis pain and disability in Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing an osteoarthritis self-management education module in geriatric clinics and measuring pain and function outcomes.
- Pragmatic implementation study of low-cost community-based exercise groups for osteoarthritis and their impact on pain and mobility in Indian older adults.
Subsection 6.4: Sarcopenia, Muscle Strength, and Mobility Disability
- Comparative study of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria versus European Working Group criteria for diagnosing sarcopenia in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of calf circumference versus bioelectrical impedance analysis for screening sarcopenia in Indian primary care settings.
- Comparative study of handgrip strength measured by dynamometer versus chair stand test for predicting disability in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of sarcopenia prevalence in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus versus without diabetes mellitus in India.
- Comparative study of sarcopenia prevalence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus heart failure cohorts among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of protein intake estimated by 24-hour recall versus food frequency questionnaire and association with sarcopenia in India.
- Comparative study of vitamin D deficient versus sufficient older adults for muscle strength and sarcopenia prevalence in India.
- Comparative study of sarcopenic obesity versus non-obese sarcopenia for mobility outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of resistance training adherence in home-based programs versus community group programs in India.
- Comparative study of gait speed versus Short Physical Performance Battery for predicting hospitalization among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of sarcopenia prevalence in rural versus urban older adults in India.
- Comparative study of chewing difficulty presence versus absence and association with sarcopenia in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of anemia presence versus absence and association with muscle strength and sarcopenia in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of sleep disturbance presence versus absence and association with sarcopenia in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of polypharmacy presence versus absence and association with sarcopenia and falls in India.
- Comparative study of depression presence versus absence and association with sarcopenia in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of progressive resistance training versus usual care for improving muscle strength and gait speed in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein supplementation plus resistance training versus resistance training alone for sarcopenia reversal in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo for improving muscle strength in deficient sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of leucine-enriched protein supplement versus standard protein supplement for muscle mass improvement in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based resistance training with caregiver support versus center-based training for adherence and outcomes in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based strength program versus conventional exercises for improving balance and muscle function in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of creatine supplementation versus placebo as an adjunct to resistance training for muscle strength in sarcopenic older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of anti-inflammatory diet counseling versus usual diet for sarcopenia and physical performance outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of community group exercise sessions versus individualized home exercise for sarcopenia outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of anemia correction protocol versus usual care for improving fatigue and muscle function in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep optimization intervention versus usual care for improving physical performance in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of physiotherapist-led balance plus strength program versus strength-only program for falls reduction in sarcopenic older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of nutrition counseling delivered to caregivers versus patients for improving protein intake in dependent sarcopenic older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of multidisciplinary sarcopenia clinic intervention versus usual care for mobility and falls outcomes over six months in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of wearable activity tracker plus coaching versus coaching alone for improving physical activity and sarcopenia outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–supported exercise plus nutrition package versus standard advice for sarcopenia prevention in rural India.
- Prospective observational study of sarcopenia incidence and predictors over one year among Indian older adults attending non-communicable disease clinics.
- Prospective observational study of inflammatory markers and association with sarcopenia progression in Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of sarcopenia documented in medical records and association with hospital length of stay and complications in Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of sarcopenia prevalence in older adults admitted with hip fracture and its association with rehabilitation outcomes in India.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to protein intake increase among Indian older adults, including chewing difficulty, cost, and cultural dietary patterns.
- Cross-sectional study of sarcopenia and association with falls, fear of falling, and activity restriction among Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing sarcopenia screening in geriatric outpatient clinics and measuring referrals to nutrition and physiotherapy services.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a low-cost resistance training program delivered through community centers and its impact on muscle function in Indian older adults.
Subsection 6.5: Spine Health, Vertebral Fractures, and Chronic Back Pain
- Comparative study of clinical height loss screening versus spine radiography for detecting vertebral fractures in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of back pain disability scales for predicting functional decline in older adults with chronic low back pain in India.
- Comparative study of vertebral fracture prevalence in older adults with chronic steroid use versus without steroid use in India.
- Comparative study of osteoporosis treatment initiation in older adults with vertebral fractures detected incidentally versus clinically suspected in India.
- Comparative study of physiotherapy-led back strengthening versus yoga-based back care program for chronic low back pain in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of analgesic use patterns and association with constipation and falls in older adults with chronic back pain in India.
- Comparative study of spinal orthosis use versus no orthosis for pain outcomes in older adults with osteoporotic vertebral fractures in India.
- Comparative study of balance impairment in older adults with vertebral fractures versus without vertebral fractures in India.
- Comparative study of depression prevalence in older adults with chronic back pain versus without back pain in India.
- Comparative study of vertebral fracture-associated kyphosis severity and association with lung function in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of calcium and vitamin D adherence in older adults with vertebral fractures counseled by pharmacist versus physician in India.
- Comparative study of fracture risk assessment tool score versus clinical back pain features for predicting vertebral fractures in India.
- Comparative study of fall risk in older adults with chronic back pain using sedatives versus non-sedative analgesic strategies in India.
- Comparative study of home-based back care exercises versus supervised physiotherapy for adherence and outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of access to spine imaging in public hospitals versus private hospitals for vertebral fracture detection in India.
- Comparative study of quality of life in older adults with multiple vertebral fractures versus single vertebral fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of back strengthening physiotherapy versus usual care for chronic low back pain in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based back care program versus conventional exercises for pain and function in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of spinal orthosis plus analgesia versus analgesia alone for pain and mobility in older adults with osteoporotic vertebral fractures in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D plus calcium supplementation versus placebo for pain and fracture recurrence outcomes after vertebral fracture in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of osteoporosis treatment initiation protocol after vertebral fracture detection versus usual care for preventing subsequent fractures in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of opioid-sparing pain management protocol versus usual care for reducing constipation and falls in older adults with chronic back pain in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based pain management versus usual care for chronic back pain and depression in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based exercise with telephonic coaching versus exercise booklet alone for chronic back pain outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based back care education sessions versus individual counseling for pain self-management in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of heat therapy versus placebo for morning stiffness and pain in older adults with chronic back pain in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of physiotherapy plus nutrition supplementation versus physiotherapy alone for function outcomes in older adults with vertebral fractures in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of fall prevention program plus back pain management versus back pain management alone for injury reduction in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of antidepressant therapy versus placebo for chronic back pain with depression in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of tai chi–based movements versus usual care for balance and pain outcomes in older adults with vertebral fractures in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured sleep optimization versus usual care for chronic back pain–related insomnia in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of analgesic deprescribing intervention versus usual care for reducing sedative analgesic use in older adults with chronic back pain in India.
- Prospective observational study of incident vertebral fractures and predictors among Indian older adults with osteoporosis.
- Prospective observational study of kyphosis progression and association with falls and functional decline in older adults with vertebral fractures in India.
- Retrospective observational study of vertebral fracture detection rates on chest x-rays and missed opportunities for osteoporosis management in India.
- Retrospective observational study of chronic back pain clinic attendance patterns and predictors of improvement among Indian older adults.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to osteoporosis treatment after vertebral fracture diagnosis among Indian older adults.
- Cross-sectional study of chronic back pain, opioid use, and association with falls risk among Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing vertebral fracture reporting prompts in radiology and measuring osteoporosis treatment initiation in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of community-based back care exercise groups for older adults and their impact on pain and mobility in India.
Section 7: Nutrition, Frailty Reversal, and Metabolic Health in Ageing
Subsection 7.1: Malnutrition Screening, Food Insecurity, and Care Pathways
- Comparative study of Mini Nutritional Assessment versus Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool for predicting length of stay and complications among older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of body mass index versus calf circumference as screening measures for malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults in India.
- Comparative study of serum albumin versus Mini Nutritional Assessment for identifying nutrition-related risk among older adults with chronic illness in India.
- Comparative study of nutrition screening at admission versus at discharge for predicting thirty-day readmission among older adults in Indian hospitals.
- Comparative study of dietitian-led nutritional assessment versus physician-led assessment for detection of micronutrient deficiencies in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of food insecurity prevalence in older adults in urban slums versus non-slum urban areas in India.
- Comparative study of food insecurity in rural older adults versus urban older adults and association with frailty in India.
- Comparative study of community meal support program recipients versus non-recipients for nutritional status and functional outcomes in low-income older adults in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver-reported dietary intake versus patient-reported intake for accuracy in dependent older adults in India.
- Comparative study of chewing difficulty screening versus dental examination for identifying nutrition-limiting oral health problems in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of dysphagia screening by bedside water swallow test versus speech therapy assessment for aspiration risk in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of vegetarian diet patterns versus mixed diet patterns and association with vitamin B12 deficiency in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of anemia-related malnutrition in older adults with chronic kidney disease versus without kidney disease in India.
- Comparative study of malnutrition prevalence in older adults with dementia versus without dementia in India.
- Comparative study of malnutrition and sarcopenia overlap prevalence using different diagnostic criteria in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of hospital nutrition supplementation prescription rates in geriatric wards versus general medical wards in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of routine nutrition screening plus dietitian referral versus usual care for improving Mini Nutritional Assessment scores in older outpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of oral nutrient-dense supplementation versus placebo for weight gain and functional outcomes in undernourished older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-delivered meal support versus usual diet for improving nutritional status and reducing hospital visits among low-income older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-focused nutrition education versus patient-only education for reducing unintentional weight loss in dependent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein-rich culturally tailored Indian meal plan versus standard diet advice for improving nutrition and muscle strength in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of dysphagia management program versus standard care for reducing aspiration pneumonia in older stroke survivors in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of micronutrient supplementation package versus placebo for improving fatigue and functional status in older adults with multiple deficiencies in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of dental intervention (denture provision) versus soft diet advice alone for improving dietary intake in edentulous older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker follow-up for nutrition adherence versus usual care in rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of appetite stimulation counseling plus small frequent meals versus usual care for anorexia of ageing in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of probiotic supplementation versus placebo for improving appetite and bowel function in undernourished older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hospital nutrition supplementation protocol versus usual prescribing for reducing complications among malnourished older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of food insecurity screening plus linkage to welfare schemes versus usual care for improving dietary adequacy in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of group nutrition education sessions versus individual counseling for improving protein intake and adherence in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home visit nutrition assessment versus clinic-based assessment for improving identification of unsafe feeding practices in dependent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of swallow-safe caregiver training versus usual advice for reducing aspiration events in older adults with dysphagia in India.
- Prospective observational study of malnutrition at admission and association with delirium, infections, and length of stay among older inpatients in India.
- Prospective observational study of food insecurity and association with frailty transition over one year among community-dwelling older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of malnutrition documentation rates and missed referral opportunities to dietitians in Indian hospitals.
- Retrospective observational study of aspiration pneumonia admissions and relation to dysphagia screening documentation among older adults in India.
- Mixed-methods study of cultural beliefs, cost barriers, and household food practices affecting older adult nutrition in India.
- Cross-sectional study of oral health status, chewing difficulty, and association with Mini Nutritional Assessment scores in Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing routine nutrition screening in geriatric clinics and measuring dietitian referral uptake and outcomes in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of community nutrition camps with follow-up navigation and their impact on weight and function in older adults in India.
Subsection 7.2: Protein Intake Optimization and Sarcopenia-focused Nutrition
- Comparative study of pulse-based protein supplementation versus dairy-based protein supplementation for acceptability and adherence in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of leucine-enriched protein supplements versus standard protein supplements for improving grip strength in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Comparative study of daily protein distribution across meals versus protein concentrated at dinner and association with muscle strength in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of plant-based high-protein diets versus mixed diets and association with sarcopenia prevalence among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of protein intake estimated by 24-hour recall versus food frequency questionnaire and association with muscle mass in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of chewing difficulty presence versus absence and association with low protein intake and sarcopenia in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of anemia presence versus absence and association with protein intake and muscle function among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of vitamin D deficiency presence versus absence and association with protein intake and sarcopenia in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of protein supplement adherence with caregiver support versus without caregiver support in dependent older adults in India.
- Comparative study of high-protein breakfast intervention versus standard breakfast patterns and association with physical performance in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of protein intake in rural older adults versus urban older adults and determinants of low intake in India.
- Comparative study of protein adequacy in older adults with chronic kidney disease versus without kidney disease in India.
- Comparative study of nutrition counseling delivered by dietitian versus physician for protein intake improvement in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of low-cost local protein options education versus standard counseling for protein intake adherence in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of protein supplementation initiation in geriatric clinic versus endocrinology clinic and follow-up adherence in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of protein intake and sarcopenic obesity prevalence in Indian older adults with diabetes mellitus.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein supplementation plus resistance training versus resistance training alone for sarcopenia reversal in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of leucine-enriched protein supplement versus standard protein supplement for muscle mass and strength in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of culturally tailored high-protein Indian meal plan versus standard diet advice for improving muscle strength in older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of pulse-based protein supplement versus dairy-based protein supplement for improving physical performance in sarcopenic older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of high-protein breakfast strategy versus usual breakfast for improving grip strength and gait speed in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-focused protein intake education versus patient-only education for improving protein adequacy in dependent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of creatine supplementation versus placebo as an adjunct to resistance training for muscle strength outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D plus protein supplementation versus protein alone for improving muscle function in deficient older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nutrition counseling plus oral health intervention versus nutrition counseling alone for improving protein intake in older adults with chewing difficulty in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community group nutrition sessions versus individual counseling for sustained protein intake improvement in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-delivered protein-rich meals versus usual diet for sarcopenia prevention in low-income older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anti-inflammatory diet counseling versus usual diet for muscle function and frailty outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein supplement reminder calls versus no reminders for adherence in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein supplementation timing (post-exercise versus any time) for muscle strength outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–supported protein and exercise package versus standard advice for sarcopenia prevention in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined anemia correction plus protein supplementation versus protein supplementation alone for muscle function in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of protein intake and association with sarcopenia incidence over one year among Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of dietary protein adequacy and association with falls and functional decline among Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of protein supplementation prescribing patterns and adherence among older adults attending Indian geriatric clinics.
- Retrospective observational study of sarcopenia prevalence among older adults with low protein intake documented in clinic records in India.
- Mixed-methods study of cultural dietary norms, vegetarianism, and barriers to increasing protein intake among Indian older adults.
- Cross-sectional study of protein intake, chewing difficulty, and association with sarcopenia among Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing a “protein-first” counseling checklist in geriatric clinics and measuring protein intake and strength outcomes in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of low-cost community protein supplementation program using local foods and its impact on grip strength in Indian older adults.
Subsection 7.3: Frailty Reversal Programs and Multicomponent Interventions
- Comparative study of outpatient frailty clinic program versus standard geriatric follow-up for frailty transition rates over six months in India.
- Comparative study of home-based frailty intervention versus center-based intervention for adherence and frailty outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of exercise-only frailty intervention versus exercise plus nutrition intervention for frailty reversal in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of group-based frailty intervention versus individualized intervention for cost and outcomes in Indian settings.
- Comparative study of caregiver-supported frailty intervention versus patient-only intervention for outcomes in dependent older adults in India.
- Comparative study of yoga-based multicomponent frailty program versus conventional physiotherapy-based program for frailty outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of frailty intervention delivered by physiotherapist versus community health worker for feasibility in rural India.
- Comparative study of frailty reversal program outcomes in older adults with diabetes mellitus versus without diabetes mellitus in India.
- Comparative study of depression co-management within frailty program versus no co-management for frailty outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of sleep optimization included within frailty program versus no sleep component for fatigue and performance outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of falls prevention integrated in frailty program versus separate falls clinic approach for falls outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of multimorbidity care integration within frailty program versus disease-specific care for quality-of-life outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of anemia correction included in frailty program versus usual care for strength outcomes in frail older adults in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in families participating in frailty programs versus usual care in India.
- Comparative study of community center–based frailty program versus hospital-based program for attendance and satisfaction in India.
- Comparative study of digital coaching support versus paper-based support for frailty program adherence in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of multicomponent frailty reversal program versus usual care for improving Short Physical Performance Battery scores in frail older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based resistance training plus nutrition counseling versus usual care for frailty reduction in dependent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based strength and balance program versus conventional physiotherapy for frailty and falls outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein supplementation plus multicomponent exercise versus multicomponent exercise alone for frailty reversal in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–delivered frailty intervention versus usual care for frailty outcomes in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based frailty program versus individualized program for adherence and cost-effectiveness in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of frailty program with caregiver training component versus frailty program without caregiver training for reducing caregiver burden in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep hygiene intervention added to frailty program versus frailty program alone for improving fatigue and performance in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of depression collaborative care integrated in frailty program versus frailty program alone for frailty outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anemia management protocol integrated into frailty program versus usual care for strength and fatigue outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of tele-coaching support for frailty program adherence versus no tele-support in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of falls prevention bundle integrated into frailty program versus usual care for falls reduction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multimorbidity care coordination integrated into frailty program versus usual care for quality-of-life outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of low-cost community center frailty program versus usual care for functional outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of multicomponent frailty program delivered at primary health centers versus hospital-based program for feasibility and outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of culturally tailored behavior change counseling within frailty program versus standard counseling for adherence in India.
- Prospective observational study of predictors of response to frailty reversal programs among Indian older adults, including nutrition and comorbidity factors.
- Prospective observational study of frailty transitions and health care utilization changes after enrollment in a frailty clinic program in India.
- Retrospective observational study of adherence patterns and outcomes in an Indian outpatient frailty program over three years.
- Retrospective observational study of frailty reversal program impact on hospitalization rates in a tertiary hospital geriatric service in India.
- Mixed-methods study of participant and caregiver experiences, barriers, and facilitators in frailty reversal programs in India.
- Cross-sectional study of frailty awareness and willingness to participate in frailty programs among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing standardized frailty care pathways and measuring referrals to physiotherapy and nutrition services in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a district-level frailty screening and intervention linkage model integrated with primary health centers in India.
Subsection 7.4: Obesity, Sarcopenic Obesity, and Weight Management in Older Adults
- Comparative study of body mass index categories versus waist circumference categories for predicting functional limitation in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of sarcopenic obesity versus obesity alone for risk of falls and disability among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of metabolic syndrome prevalence using different waist circumference cut-offs relevant to Indian populations and association with frailty.
- Comparative study of obesity-related knee osteoarthritis severity in older adults with sarcopenic obesity versus without sarcopenic obesity in India.
- Comparative study of diet quality indices and association with sarcopenic obesity among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of intentional weight loss in obese older adults versus weight stability and association with muscle strength in India.
- Comparative study of dietitian-led weight management versus physician-led counseling for weight reduction and function in obese older adults in India.
- Comparative study of group-based weight loss programs versus individualized programs for adherence and outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of home-based walking program versus gym-based program for weight and mobility outcomes in obese older adults in India.
- Comparative study of obesity prevalence and determinants in rural versus urban older adults in India.
- Comparative study of sleep apnea risk in obese older adults versus non-obese older adults in India.
- Comparative study of depression prevalence in obese older adults versus non-obese older adults in India.
- Comparative study of obesity and polypharmacy burden association among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of obesity-related quality-of-life scores in older adults in public hospital clinics versus private clinics in India.
- Comparative study of dietary patterns high in refined carbohydrates versus balanced diets and association with obesity in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of weight management program outcomes in older adults with diabetes mellitus versus without diabetes mellitus in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined calorie restriction plus resistance training versus calorie restriction alone for improving weight loss while preserving muscle in obese older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of high-protein weight loss diet versus standard calorie restriction diet for preserving muscle strength in obese older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based lifestyle modification program versus individual counseling for weight reduction and function in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based walking plus step-count targets versus usual advice for weight and cardiometabolic outcomes in obese older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based weight management program versus standard exercise program for weight and wellbeing outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep apnea screening and treatment pathway versus usual care for weight and blood pressure outcomes in obese older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of meal replacement strategy using culturally appropriate options versus usual diet for weight reduction in obese older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of mindful eating intervention versus usual counseling for reducing overeating and improving weight outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of resistance training plus protein supplementation versus resistance training alone for reducing sarcopenic obesity burden in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of mobile phone diet tracking support versus paper-based tracking for weight loss adherence in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-involved weight management counseling versus patient-only counseling for adherence in dependent obese older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of low-glycemic-index Indian diet plan versus standard diet advice for weight and glucose outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community group exercise sessions versus home exercise for weight and social engagement outcomes in obese older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of dietary fiber supplementation versus placebo for satiety and weight outcomes in obese older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of depression screening and treatment integrated into weight management program versus program alone for weight outcomes in obese older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured follow-up calls versus usual follow-up for sustaining weight loss in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of sarcopenic obesity prevalence and predictors among Indian older adults attending non-communicable disease clinics.
- Prospective observational study of weight change trajectories and association with frailty transitions over one year in Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of obesity management counseling documentation and outcomes in Indian geriatric clinics.
- Retrospective observational study of weight loss medication use patterns and adverse events among older adults in India.
- Mixed-methods study of cultural beliefs, dietary practices, and barriers to weight loss among Indian older adults.
- Cross-sectional study of obesity, sarcopenia, and association with falls and disability among Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing a structured obesity and sarcopenia screening protocol in geriatric clinics and measuring referrals to dietitians and physiotherapy.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a low-cost community lifestyle program for obese older adults and its impact on weight and function in India.
Subsection 7.5: Micronutrients, Anemia, and Metabolic Resilience in Older Adults
- Comparative study of anemia workup completion in geriatric clinics versus general medicine clinics for older adults in India.
- Comparative study of daily iron therapy versus alternate-day iron therapy for anemia correction and tolerability in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of oral iron versus intravenous iron for functional outcomes and fatigue reduction in older adults with iron deficiency anemia in India.
- Comparative study of vitamin B12 deficiency prevalence in vegetarian versus mixed diet older adults and association with neuropathy in India.
- Comparative study of folate deficiency prevalence in low-income older adults versus higher-income older adults in India.
- Comparative study of vitamin D deficiency prevalence in older adults with falls versus without falls in India.
- Comparative study of combined anemia and vitamin D deficiency versus isolated deficiencies and association with frailty in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of micronutrient supplementation adherence in older adults counseled by pharmacist versus physician in India.
- Comparative study of anemia prevalence and correlates in rural versus urban older adults in India.
- Comparative study of ferritin-based diagnosis versus clinical diagnosis for iron deficiency in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of anemia prevalence in older adults with chronic kidney disease versus without kidney disease in India.
- Comparative study of anemia-associated cognitive impairment in older adults versus non-anemic older adults in India.
- Comparative study of vitamin B12 supplementation route (oral versus intramuscular) for symptom improvement in deficient older adults in India.
- Comparative study of vitamin D supplementation regimens (daily versus monthly) for achieving sufficiency in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of anemia management pathways in public hospitals versus private hospitals in India and outcomes.
- Comparative study of micronutrient deficiency burden among older adults with malnutrition versus without malnutrition in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of alternate-day oral iron versus daily oral iron for anemia correction and gastrointestinal tolerability in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of intravenous iron versus oral iron for improving fatigue and mobility in older adults with iron deficiency anemia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of oral vitamin B12 versus intramuscular vitamin B12 for neuropathy symptom improvement and adherence in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of high-dose monthly vitamin D versus daily vitamin D for falls reduction in deficient older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined iron plus vitamin B12 supplementation versus single supplementation for anemia correction in older adults with mixed deficiencies in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of micronutrient supplementation package versus placebo for improving frailty and physical performance in older adults with multiple deficiencies in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anemia correction protocol integrated into frailty program versus usual care for strength and fatigue outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D plus calcium supplementation versus placebo for improving muscle function and reducing falls in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of dietitian-led anemia and micronutrient counseling versus physician-led counseling for correction rates in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of probiotic supplementation versus placebo for improving iron absorption and anemia outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of protein plus micronutrient supplementation versus protein alone for muscle strength outcomes in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of screening and treatment of vitamin D deficiency at primary health centers versus usual care for falls prevention in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–led anemia screening plus follow-up versus usual care in rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of fortified food provision versus usual diet for improving micronutrient status in low-income older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured follow-up calls versus usual follow-up for adherence to iron and vitamin supplementation in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined sleep optimization plus anemia correction versus anemia correction alone for fatigue reduction in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of anemia correction and association with improved gait speed and reduced falls over six months in Indian older adults.
- Prospective observational study of vitamin D status and association with sarcopenia progression in Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of micronutrient deficiency screening patterns and missed opportunities in Indian geriatric clinics.
- Retrospective observational study of adverse effects and discontinuation patterns of oral iron therapy among Indian older adults.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to anemia treatment adherence among Indian older adults, including beliefs, constipation fear, and cost.
- Cross-sectional study of anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, and association with cognitive impairment and depression among Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing a standardized anemia and micronutrient deficiency screening panel in geriatric clinics and measuring correction rates.
- Pragmatic implementation study of community-based anemia and vitamin D screening camps and linkage to care for older adults in India.
Section 8: Geriatric Cardio-metabolic and Cerebrovascular Risk Reduction
Subsection 8.1: Primary Prevention, Risk Stratification, and Lifestyle Interventions
- Comparative study of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimation tools and their agreement for older Indian adults in outpatient care.
- Comparative study of office blood pressure versus home blood pressure for predicting stroke and myocardial infarction risk in older Indian adults.
- Comparative study of ankle-brachial index screening versus carotid bruit screening for detection of peripheral arterial disease in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of waist-to-height ratio versus body mass index for predicting cardiometabolic risk in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of smoking exposure versus biomass fuel exposure and association with cardiovascular risk markers in older Indian women.
- Comparative study of dietary patterns high in refined carbohydrates versus balanced diets and association with lipid profiles in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of physical activity levels measured by questionnaire versus step-count devices and association with blood pressure in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of statin adherence in older adults receiving pharmacist counseling versus physician counseling in India.
- Comparative study of aspirin use for primary prevention in older adults with high bleeding risk versus low bleeding risk in India.
- Comparative study of frailty-adjusted risk stratification versus standard risk stratification for predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of sleep disturbance presence versus absence and association with blood pressure variability in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of depression presence versus absence and association with cardiometabolic control in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of community-based lifestyle intervention camps versus clinic-based counseling for risk factor control in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of yoga-based lifestyle program versus walking-only program for blood pressure and wellbeing outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver involvement in lifestyle interventions versus patient-only programs for adherence in dependent older adults in India.
- Comparative study of low-income versus higher-income older adults for access to preventive medicines and risk factor control in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home blood pressure monitoring plus telephonic coaching versus usual care for blood pressure control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured walking program versus usual advice for reducing blood pressure and improving mobility in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of yoga-based lifestyle intervention versus health education for improving blood pressure, glucose, and stress in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of salt reduction intervention using household measurement tools versus standard advice for blood pressure control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of low-glycemic-index Indian diet plan versus standard diet advice for improving lipid and glucose profiles in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led adherence counseling versus usual care for improving statin and antihypertensive persistence in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction versus usual care for blood pressure variability and sleep improvement in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community group exercise sessions versus home exercise for cardiometabolic control and social engagement in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy plus counseling versus counseling alone among older smokers in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep optimization intervention versus usual care for improving blood pressure and glucose variability in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of depression collaborative care integrated into non-communicable disease clinics versus usual care for cardiometabolic outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured medication simplification versus usual care for adherence improvement and risk factor control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-inclusive lifestyle counseling versus patient-only counseling for improved adherence in dependent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker–supported lifestyle intervention versus usual care for risk factor control in rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined nutrition plus exercise intervention versus single-component intervention for metabolic syndrome in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based health education sessions versus individual counseling for improving preventive care uptake in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of risk factor control trajectories and predictors of incident cardiovascular events among older adults attending Indian clinics.
- Prospective observational study of frailty and its association with incident myocardial infarction and stroke over one year in Indian older adults.
- Retrospective observational study of statin underuse and determinants among older adults with high cardiovascular risk in Indian outpatient care.
- Retrospective observational study of aspirin-related bleeding admissions among older adults using aspirin for primary prevention in India.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to lifestyle modification adherence among Indian older adults, including cultural diet and household practices.
- Cross-sectional study of physical activity, diet quality, and association with metabolic syndrome prevalence among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a cardiovascular risk assessment and counseling checklist in geriatric clinics and measuring preventive therapy initiation.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a primary health center–based lifestyle intervention program and its impact on risk factor control in older adults in India.
Subsection 8.2: Secondary Prevention after Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack
- Comparative study of antiplatelet adherence in older stroke survivors counseled by pharmacist versus physician in India.
- Comparative study of statin intensity (high-intensity versus moderate-intensity) and tolerability in older stroke survivors in India.
- Comparative study of structured physiotherapy rehabilitation versus usual care for functional recovery after ischemic stroke in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of home-based rehabilitation versus outpatient rehabilitation for mobility outcomes in older stroke survivors in India.
- Comparative study of depression prevalence in older stroke survivors versus age-matched controls in India.
- Comparative study of dysphagia screening at admission versus after seventy-two hours and aspiration outcomes in older stroke patients in India.
- Comparative study of atrial fibrillation detection using prolonged monitoring versus standard electrocardiography among older transient ischemic attack patients in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver training in stroke care versus usual discharge counseling for readmission rates in India.
- Comparative study of blood pressure variability and recurrent stroke risk among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of diabetes mellitus control targets and recurrent stroke risk among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of carotid stenosis evaluation completion rates in public hospitals versus private hospitals among older stroke survivors in India.
- Comparative study of cognitive impairment screening tools for post-stroke cognitive decline detection in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of falls incidence in stroke survivors using sedatives versus non-sedative regimens in India.
- Comparative study of anticoagulation with direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in older adults with atrial fibrillation after stroke in India.
- Comparative study of speech therapy intensity and language recovery among older stroke survivors in India.
- Comparative study of early mobilization within twenty-four hours versus standard mobilization for complications in older stroke patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured secondary prevention clinic follow-up versus usual care for reducing recurrent stroke and improving risk factor control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home blood pressure monitoring with coaching versus usual care for blood pressure control after stroke in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of intensive physiotherapy program versus standard physiotherapy for functional independence after stroke in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based telerehabilitation versus in-person outpatient rehabilitation for functional outcomes after stroke in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of depression screening and collaborative care versus usual care for improving adherence and quality of life after stroke in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training program versus usual counseling for reducing caregiver burden and improving patient outcomes after stroke in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of swallowing rehabilitation program versus usual care for reducing aspiration pneumonia in older stroke survivors in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of high-protein nutrition supplementation versus usual diet for improving muscle strength and rehabilitation outcomes after stroke in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured medication reconciliation and adherence counseling versus usual care for reducing readmissions after stroke in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anticoagulation decision aid for atrial fibrillation stroke survivors versus usual counseling for adherence and satisfaction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of falls prevention program integrated into stroke rehabilitation versus standard rehabilitation for reducing falls in older stroke survivors in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of cognitive training program versus usual care for post-stroke cognitive outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep optimization intervention versus usual care for post-stroke fatigue and blood pressure variability in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker home visits versus usual care for improving follow-up adherence and risk factor control after stroke in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based lifestyle education sessions versus individual counseling for risk factor control after stroke in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of physiotherapy plus caregiver-assisted home exercises versus physiotherapy alone for functional outcomes after stroke in India.
- Prospective observational study of recurrent stroke incidence and predictors among older stroke survivors in India.
- Prospective observational study of post-stroke cognitive decline incidence and predictors among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of secondary prevention medicine underuse and determinants among older stroke survivors in Indian outpatient care.
- Retrospective observational study of readmission causes and preventable factors among older stroke survivors in India.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to adherence with secondary prevention medicines after stroke among Indian older adults.
- Cross-sectional study of disability, depression, and quality of life among older stroke survivors in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a stroke discharge bundle and measuring adherence to secondary prevention measures in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a district-level stroke survivor follow-up program integrated with primary health centers in India.
Subsection 8.3: Atrial Fibrillation, Anticoagulation Safety, and Bleeding Prevention
- Comparative study of stroke risk scoring using CHA2DS2-VASc score versus CHADS2 score for anticoagulation decisions in older Indian adults with atrial fibrillation.
- Comparative study of HAS-BLED score versus ORBIT bleeding score for predicting major bleeding among older adults on anticoagulation in India.
- Comparative study of anticoagulation persistence with direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin among older adults with atrial fibrillation in India.
- Comparative study of time-in-therapeutic range in warfarin users managed by anticoagulation clinic versus usual care in India.
- Comparative study of patient knowledge and adherence in older adults receiving pharmacist-led anticoagulation counseling versus physician counseling in India.
- Comparative study of falls history and anticoagulant prescribing patterns among older adults with atrial fibrillation in India.
- Comparative study of renal function monitoring adherence in older adults on direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in India.
- Comparative study of gastrointestinal bleeding incidence in older adults on warfarin versus direct oral anticoagulants in India.
- Comparative study of intracranial hemorrhage rates in older adults on direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in Indian real-world practice.
- Comparative study of anticoagulation use in older adults with frailty versus without frailty and outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of anticoagulation discontinuation reasons in public hospital patients versus private hospital patients in India.
- Comparative study of anticoagulation adherence in older adults using pill boxes versus without pill boxes in India.
- Comparative study of pharmacist-led drug–drug interaction screening versus usual care for anticoagulated older adults in India.
- Comparative study of anemia prevalence and its association with bleeding risk among older adults on anticoagulation in India.
- Comparative study of anticoagulation prescribing in older adults with dementia versus without dementia and safety outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of adherence to peri-procedural anticoagulation interruption guidelines in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anticoagulation decision aid counseling versus usual counseling for improving patient understanding and adherence in older adults with atrial fibrillation in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led anticoagulation monitoring versus usual care for reducing bleeding and thromboembolic events in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured education plus follow-up calls versus usual care for improving anticoagulation persistence in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of warfarin management through point-of-care international normalized ratio testing versus standard laboratory testing for time-in-therapeutic range improvement in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of proton pump inhibitor prophylaxis versus placebo for preventing gastrointestinal bleeding in older adults on anticoagulation in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anemia correction protocol versus usual care for reducing bleeding risk and improving function in anticoagulated older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of falls prevention program versus usual care for reducing bleeding events in anticoagulated older adults at high fall risk in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication review targeting interacting drugs versus usual care for reducing bleeding events in anticoagulated older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of direct oral anticoagulant dosing decision support tool versus usual care for reducing dosing errors in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-involved anticoagulation counseling versus patient-only counseling for adherence improvement in older adults with mild cognitive impairment in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of mobile phone reminder system versus usual care for anticoagulation adherence in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anticoagulation clinic model versus usual care for older adults initiating warfarin in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of shared decision-making intervention for anticoagulation in frail older adults versus usual care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of periodic renal function monitoring reminders versus usual care for safe direct oral anticoagulant use in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of “anticoagulation alert card” carried by patients versus no card for reducing preventable bleeding events in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured peri-procedural anticoagulation education versus usual care for reducing interruption-related adverse events in India.
- Prospective observational study of bleeding events and predictors among older adults initiating direct oral anticoagulants in India.
- Prospective observational study of anticoagulation persistence and reasons for discontinuation among older adults with atrial fibrillation in Indian outpatient care.
- Retrospective observational study of major bleeding admissions among anticoagulated older adults and preventable factors in India.
- Retrospective observational study of warfarin time-in-therapeutic range and clinical outcomes among older adults managed in Indian hospitals.
- Mixed-methods study of patient beliefs, cost barriers, and decision-making regarding anticoagulation in older adults with atrial fibrillation in India.
- Cross-sectional study of anticoagulation knowledge, health literacy, and association with adherence among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a standardized anticoagulation initiation checklist and measuring dosing errors and follow-up completion in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a pharmacist-supported anticoagulation service in an Indian district hospital and its impact on safety outcomes.
Subsection 8.4: Dyslipidemia, Statin Tolerability, and Deprescribing in Advanced Age
- Comparative study of high-intensity statin therapy versus moderate-intensity therapy for tolerability and lipid control in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of statin-associated muscle symptoms prevalence in older adults with sarcopenia versus without sarcopenia in India.
- Comparative study of creatine kinase monitoring strategy versus symptom-based monitoring for detecting statin-related adverse effects in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of statin adherence in older adults counseled by pharmacist versus physician in India.
- Comparative study of discontinuation of statins in very frail older adults versus continuation for quality of life and symptom burden in India.
- Comparative study of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targets in older adults with diabetes mellitus versus without diabetes mellitus in India.
- Comparative study of dietary fat modification counseling versus statin intensification for lipid control in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of statin use patterns in public hospitals versus private hospitals for older adults in India.
- Comparative study of statin underuse in older adults with established cardiovascular disease versus those without disease in India.
- Comparative study of statin use in older adults with chronic kidney disease versus without kidney disease and adverse event risk in India.
- Comparative study of statin intolerance and re-challenge outcomes using different statins among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of coenzyme Q10 supplementation versus no supplementation and association with statin muscle symptoms in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of polypharmacy burden and association with statin adherence among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of statin prescribing in older adults with dementia versus without dementia and outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of lipid control and cardiovascular events among older adults with poor versus good statin adherence in India.
- Comparative study of deprescribing statins using shared decision-making versus clinician-directed approach in very old adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of statin re-challenge protocol versus usual care for improving lipid control after statin-associated muscle symptoms in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led statin adherence counseling versus usual care for improving persistence in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of coenzyme Q10 supplementation versus placebo for reducing statin-associated muscle symptoms in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of shared decision-making deprescribing intervention versus usual care for statin discontinuation in very frail older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of dietary counseling plus moderate-intensity statin versus high-intensity statin alone for lipid outcomes and tolerability in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of exercise plus statin therapy versus statin therapy alone for muscle symptom reduction and function in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of alternate-day statin dosing versus daily dosing for tolerability and lipid control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of routine creatine kinase monitoring versus symptom-based monitoring for statin safety in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of patient education video on statin benefits and side effects versus usual counseling for adherence improvement in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication simplification plus statin adherence intervention versus usual care for lipid outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of deprescribing non-beneficial lipid medicines in advanced dementia versus usual care for pill burden and comfort outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of switching to hydrophilic statin versus continuing lipophilic statin for muscle symptom reduction in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo for statin muscle symptom reduction in deficient older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led medication review targeting interacting drugs versus usual care for reducing statin adverse effects in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured follow-up calls after statin initiation versus usual care for early detection of side effects and improved persistence in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of shared decision-making tool for lipid therapy goals in older adults versus usual care for satisfaction and adherence in India.
- Prospective observational study of statin-associated muscle symptoms incidence and predictors among older adults initiating statins in India.
- Prospective observational study of statin persistence and reasons for discontinuation among Indian older adults in outpatient care.
- Retrospective observational study of statin-related adverse event admissions among older adults in India and preventable factors.
- Retrospective observational study of lipid medicine prescribing patterns and potentially inappropriate use among very old adults in India.
- Mixed-methods study of patient perceptions, myths, and barriers to statin adherence among Indian older adults.
- Cross-sectional study of statin knowledge, health literacy, and association with adherence in older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a statin safety and adherence checklist in geriatric clinics and measuring persistence and adverse events in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a pharmacist-supported lipid management service for older adults in an Indian tertiary hospital.
Subsection 8.5: Hypertension in the Oldest Old, Orthostatic Hypotension, and Blood Pressure Variability
- Comparative study of office blood pressure versus home blood pressure monitoring for detecting hypotension episodes in adults aged eighty years and above in India.
- Comparative study of orthostatic blood pressure measurement using manual method versus automated device for detection of orthostatic hypotension in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of intensive systolic blood pressure targets versus standard targets and association with falls and syncope in older Indian adults.
- Comparative study of morning dosing versus evening dosing of antihypertensives and association with nocturnal hypotension in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of blood pressure variability and association with cognitive decline in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of antihypertensive classes and association with orthostatic symptoms in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of deprescribing antihypertensives in frail older adults versus continuation for falls and quality of life outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of salt restriction counseling intensity and association with dizziness and hypotension in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of hydration counseling versus usual care for orthostatic symptom control in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring versus home monitoring for detecting nocturnal hypotension in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of blood pressure targets attainment and adverse events in older adults managed in geriatric clinics versus cardiology clinics in India.
- Comparative study of anemia presence versus absence and association with orthostatic hypotension in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of polypharmacy burden and association with orthostatic hypotension and falls in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of diabetes mellitus with autonomic neuropathy versus without neuropathy and orthostatic hypotension prevalence in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of sleep disturbance presence versus absence and association with blood pressure variability in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of frailty status and association with hypotension episodes in adults aged eighty years and above in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home blood pressure monitoring plus medication titration protocol versus usual care for safe blood pressure control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antihypertensive deprescribing guided by orthostatic testing versus usual care for reducing falls in frail older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hydration and compression stocking intervention versus usual care for orthostatic hypotension symptom control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of morning versus evening dosing of antihypertensives for nocturnal hypotension and dizziness outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of simplified antihypertensive regimen versus usual regimen for adherence and hypotension reduction in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of salt restriction counseling with household tools versus standard counseling for blood pressure control and symptom outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of exercise and balance training versus usual care for orthostatic symptom reduction and falls prevention in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring–guided therapy versus office blood pressure–guided therapy for reducing blood pressure variability in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of anemia correction protocol versus usual care for orthostatic symptoms and falls reduction in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep optimization intervention versus usual care for reducing blood pressure variability and improving control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led medication review for hypotension risk medicines versus usual care for reducing orthostatic hypotension in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker follow-up for blood pressure monitoring versus usual care in rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of tailored blood pressure targets using frailty status versus standard targets for quality of life and falls outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of patient education on postural changes and hydration versus usual care for orthostatic hypotension symptom control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of wearable blood pressure monitoring devices versus usual monitoring for detection of hypotension episodes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured follow-up visits every four weeks versus usual follow-up for safe titration and adverse event reduction in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of orthostatic hypotension prevalence and predictors among older adults attending Indian geriatric clinics.
- Prospective observational study of blood pressure variability and association with falls and cognitive decline over one year in older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of syncope admissions among older adults in India and association with antihypertensive intensification.
- Retrospective observational study of antihypertensive deprescribing practices and outcomes in frail older adults in Indian outpatient care.
- Mixed-methods study of patient experiences of dizziness, fear of falls, and barriers to blood pressure medicine adherence among older adults in India.
- Cross-sectional study of orthostatic hypotension, frailty, and association with quality of life among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing routine orthostatic blood pressure measurement in non-communicable disease clinics and measuring detection and management changes in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a primary health center blood pressure monitoring and titration pathway for older adults and its impact on control and adverse events in India.
Section 9: Geriatric Infectious Diseases, Vaccination, and Antimicrobial Stewardship
Subsection 9.1: Vaccination Uptake, Barriers, and Service Delivery Models
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake for influenza and pneumococcal vaccines among older adults attending geriatric clinics versus general medicine clinics in India.
- Comparative study of vaccine awareness levels among older adults in urban slums versus non-slum urban areas in India.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus diabetes mellitus in India.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake among older adults living alone versus living with family in India.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake among older adults in public hospitals versus private hospitals in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver involvement in vaccination decision-making versus patient-only decision-making and uptake in India.
- Comparative study of vaccination acceptance after physician counseling versus nurse counseling in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake after pharmacist counseling versus usual care in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of vaccination reminder by short message service versus phone call and completion rates in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of community vaccination camps versus clinic-based vaccination for coverage and follow-up in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake among older adults with dementia versus without dementia in India.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake among older adults with frailty versus without frailty in India.
- Comparative study of adverse event reporting after vaccination using active follow-up versus passive reporting in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of vaccination documentation completeness in electronic records versus paper records in Indian outpatient settings.
- Comparative study of vaccination uptake among older adults with history of recurrent pneumonia versus without such history in India.
- Comparative study of rural versus urban vaccination coverage and determinants among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured vaccine counseling with decision aids versus routine counseling for improving influenza vaccine uptake among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of short message service reminders versus no reminders for improving vaccination completion among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of phone-call reminders versus usual care for improving pneumococcal vaccine uptake among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led vaccine counseling versus usual care for improving vaccine acceptance among older adults with chronic diseases in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker home visits for vaccine education versus usual care in rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined chronic disease clinic plus vaccination “one-stop visit” versus usual separate visits for improving vaccine uptake in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver-inclusive vaccination counseling versus patient-only counseling for uptake in dependent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of on-site vaccination availability in geriatric clinics versus referral to external centers for vaccine uptake in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of group-based vaccine education sessions versus individual counseling for improving vaccine knowledge and uptake in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of vaccination camps in community centers versus standard clinic approach for coverage in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of vaccination card and tracking system versus usual care for improving completion of recommended vaccines in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of culturally tailored vaccine education materials versus generic materials for reducing hesitancy in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of combined influenza and pneumococcal vaccination offer versus sequential offer for uptake in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of telemedicine vaccine counseling versus in-person counseling for uptake among rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of staff training on adult immunization guidelines versus usual practice for improving vaccine offering rates in Indian clinics.
- Randomized controlled trial of social prescribing linkage plus vaccine facilitation versus usual care for improving uptake among socially isolated older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of vaccine uptake predictors and subsequent respiratory infection incidence over one year among older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of adverse events following immunization and predictors among older adults in India with comorbidities.
- Retrospective observational study of missed opportunities for vaccination during outpatient visits among older adults in Indian hospitals.
- Retrospective observational study of influenza-like illness admissions among vaccinated versus unvaccinated older adults in India.
- Mixed-methods study of vaccine hesitancy reasons among Indian older adults, including misinformation and fear of side effects.
- Cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding adult vaccination among older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a vaccination screening checklist in geriatric clinics and measuring vaccine offering and uptake rates in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a district-level adult vaccination registry for older adults and its impact on coverage and follow-up in India.
Subsection 9.2: Respiratory Infections, Pneumonia, and Tuberculosis in Older Adults
- Comparative study of community-acquired pneumonia severity scoring tools for predicting mortality among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy versus standard therapy for community-acquired pneumonia in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of atypical pneumonia presentation in older adults with frailty versus without frailty in India.
- Comparative study of aspiration pneumonia prevalence in older adults with dementia versus without dementia in India.
- Comparative study of pneumonia outcomes in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus without chronic lung disease in India.
- Comparative study of influenza vaccination status and pneumonia incidence among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of pneumococcal vaccination status and invasive pneumococcal disease incidence among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of early mobilization protocol versus usual care for pneumonia recovery outcomes in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of dysphagia screening at admission versus no routine screening for aspiration pneumonia prevention in older stroke survivors in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic choice patterns and outcomes for pneumonia in public hospitals versus private hospitals in India.
- Comparative study of tuberculosis presentation patterns in older adults versus younger adults in India and diagnostic delays.
- Comparative study of tuberculosis treatment adherence in older adults supported by community health worker versus usual care in India.
- Comparative study of diabetes mellitus presence and association with tuberculosis treatment outcomes among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of malnutrition presence and association with pneumonia severity and outcomes among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation after pneumonia versus usual care for functional recovery in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of respiratory infection-related hospitalization causes among older adults living in rural versus urban India.
- Randomized controlled trial of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic duration versus standard duration for community-acquired pneumonia in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of early mobilization plus physiotherapy versus usual care for improving recovery in older adults hospitalized with pneumonia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of dysphagia screening plus swallow therapy versus usual care for preventing aspiration pneumonia in older stroke survivors in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of high-protein nutrition supplementation versus usual diet for improving outcomes in older adults hospitalized with pneumonia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of influenza vaccination versus no vaccination for reducing influenza-like illness and pneumonia admissions among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pneumococcal vaccination versus no vaccination for reducing pneumococcal pneumonia incidence among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based breathing exercises program versus usual care for improving functional recovery after pneumonia in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured discharge follow-up calls versus usual care for reducing readmissions after pneumonia in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker support for tuberculosis treatment adherence versus usual care among older adults in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo as adjunct therapy for tuberculosis outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation intervention versus usual care for reducing respiratory infections among older smokers in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of indoor air quality improvement intervention versus usual care for reducing respiratory infection incidence in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic stewardship education for physicians versus usual care for guideline-adherent pneumonia prescribing in Indian hospitals.
- Randomized controlled trial of swallow-safe caregiver training versus usual advice for reducing aspiration events in older adults with dysphagia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of post-tuberculosis pulmonary rehabilitation versus usual care for functional outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of telemedicine follow-up for tuberculosis treatment monitoring versus usual care for adherence and adverse event detection in older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of pneumonia microbiology patterns and antibiotic resistance among older adults admitted to Indian hospitals.
- Prospective observational study of predictors of mortality and functional decline after pneumonia hospitalization among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of tuberculosis diagnostic delay and factors among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of adverse drug reactions to tuberculosis medicines among older adults in India.
- Mixed-methods study of barriers to tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment adherence among older adults in India.
- Cross-sectional study of aspiration risk factors, dysphagia prevalence, and association with recurrent pneumonia in Indian older adults.
- Quality improvement study implementing a pneumonia care bundle in Indian medical wards and measuring antibiotic appropriateness and outcomes.
- Pragmatic implementation study of an integrated respiratory infection follow-up clinic for older adults and its impact on readmissions in India.
Subsection 9.3: Urinary Tract Infections, Catheter Use, and Sepsis Prevention
- Comparative study of urine dipstick screening versus culture-based diagnosis for urinary tract infection in older adults with non-specific symptoms in India.
- Comparative study of asymptomatic bacteriuria treatment versus no treatment and outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in geriatric wards versus general medical wards in India.
- Comparative study of urinary tract infection presentation in older adults with dementia versus without dementia in India.
- Comparative study of urinary tract infection recurrence in older women with incontinence versus without incontinence in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic choice patterns for urinary tract infections in public hospitals versus private hospitals in India.
- Comparative study of sepsis outcomes in older adults with urinary source versus respiratory source infections in India.
- Comparative study of catheter avoidance protocols versus usual catheter use and urinary infection outcomes in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of hydration counseling versus usual care for urinary tract infection prevention in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of cranberry product use versus no use and urinary tract infection recurrence in Indian older women.
- Comparative study of delirium incidence in older adults with urinary tract infections versus other infections in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic resistance patterns in urinary isolates from older adults versus younger adults in India.
- Comparative study of urinary tract infection risk in diabetic older adults versus non-diabetic older adults in India.
- Comparative study of urinary catheter use duration and association with urinary tract infection risk among older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of post-discharge urinary tract infection readmissions in older adults with catheter versus no catheter in India.
- Comparative study of community-acquired urinary tract infections versus hospital-acquired infections for resistance patterns in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of catheter avoidance protocol versus usual care for reducing catheter-associated urinary tract infections in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hydration promotion program versus usual care for reducing recurrent urinary tract infections in community-dwelling older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of cranberry supplementation versus placebo for reducing recurrent urinary tract infections in older women in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of probiotic supplementation versus placebo for urinary tract infection recurrence prevention in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse-led catheter care bundle versus usual care for reducing catheter-associated urinary tract infections in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of bladder training plus continence care versus usual care for reducing urinary tract infection recurrence in older women in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic stewardship intervention for urinary tract infections versus usual care for reducing inappropriate antibiotic use in Indian hospitals.
- Randomized controlled trial of rapid diagnostic testing pathway versus usual care for urinary tract infection management in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of education on perineal hygiene and hydration versus usual care for urinary tract infection prevention in older women in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of post-discharge follow-up calls versus usual care for early detection and management of urinary tract infection recurrence in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of diabetic control optimization intervention versus usual care for reducing urinary tract infections in older adults with diabetes mellitus in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of catheter duration reduction strategy versus usual care for urinary infection prevention in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of delirium prevention bundle in urinary tract infection admissions versus usual care for delirium outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver education for urinary symptom recognition versus usual care for earlier care-seeking and reduced sepsis in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker home visits for infection prevention education versus usual care in rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of perineal care product provision versus no provision for urinary tract infection recurrence reduction in dependent older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of urinary tract infection misdiagnosis rates and outcomes among older adults presenting with delirium in India.
- Prospective observational study of sepsis risk factors and outcomes among older adults admitted with urinary tract infections in India.
- Retrospective observational study of catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates and documentation quality in Indian medical wards.
- Retrospective observational study of antibiotic resistance patterns in urinary isolates from older adults in Indian hospitals.
- Mixed-methods study of clinician decision-making and barriers to avoiding antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in older adults in India.
- Cross-sectional study of urinary symptoms, incontinence, and association with recurrent urinary tract infections among older women in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a catheter care checklist and measuring catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in Indian wards.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a urinary tract infection stewardship pathway in geriatric clinics and its effect on antibiotic prescribing in India.
Subsection 9.4: Antimicrobial Stewardship and Resistance in Older Adult Care
- Comparative study of guideline-adherent antibiotic prescribing versus non-adherent prescribing and outcomes among older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic prescription rates in older adults in geriatric wards versus general medical wards in India.
- Comparative study of broad-spectrum antibiotic use in older adults with frailty versus without frailty and adverse outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic prescribing appropriateness in public hospitals versus private hospitals for older adults in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic use for asymptomatic bacteriuria in older adults in India across different departments.
- Comparative study of antibiotic duration for pneumonia (short course versus longer course) and outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic de-escalation practices and outcomes among older adults with sepsis in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic prophylaxis adherence to guidelines in older surgical patients in India.
- Comparative study of Clostridioides difficile infection rates in older adults receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics versus narrow-spectrum antibiotics in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic-associated kidney injury rates in older adults versus younger adults in India.
- Comparative study of resistance patterns in bloodstream infections among older adults versus younger adults in India.
- Comparative study of antimicrobial stewardship team involvement versus no team involvement and antibiotic appropriateness in older adult care in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic-related delirium incidence in older adults receiving fluoroquinolones versus other antibiotics in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic prescribing in older adults with dementia versus without dementia in India.
- Comparative study of outpatient antibiotic prescribing rates among older adults in primary care versus tertiary care in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic affordability and its influence on adherence among older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antimicrobial stewardship education for clinicians versus usual practice for improving antibiotic appropriateness in older adult care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic discontinuation versus usual care in older adults with respiratory infections in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led antibiotic review versus usual care for reducing broad-spectrum antibiotic use among older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic time-out at seventy-two hours versus usual care for de-escalation in older adults with sepsis in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of decision-support antibiotic prescribing tool versus usual care for guideline adherence in Indian hospitals.
- Randomized controlled trial of stewardship-driven catheter avoidance plus antibiotic review versus usual care for reducing urinary antibiotic overuse in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of short-course antibiotic protocol versus usual duration for pneumonia in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of microbiology reporting optimization plus stewardship feedback versus usual reporting for improved antibiotic selection in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of infection prevention bundle plus stewardship versus infection prevention alone for reducing resistant infections in older wards in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of outpatient antibiotic stewardship counseling versus usual care for reducing inappropriate antibiotic use in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of family and caregiver education about antibiotic misuse versus usual care for reducing demand-driven prescribing in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic allergy assessment and de-labeling program versus usual care for appropriate antibiotic use in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pharmacist-led renal dosing adjustments for antibiotics versus usual care for reducing toxicity in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of audit and feedback stewardship program versus usual care for reducing broad-spectrum antibiotic use in geriatric wards in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic stewardship rounds in intensive care units versus usual care for older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of discharge antibiotic reconciliation versus usual care for reducing unnecessary antibiotic continuation among older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of antibiotic prescribing appropriateness and outcomes among older adults admitted with sepsis in India.
- Prospective observational study of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms and subsequent infection risk among older adults in Indian long-term care settings.
- Retrospective observational study of antibiotic use patterns and resistance trends in older adult wards in an Indian tertiary hospital.
- Retrospective observational study of Clostridioides difficile infection incidence and antibiotic exposures among older adults in India.
- Mixed-methods study of clinician attitudes, patient expectations, and barriers to antimicrobial stewardship implementation in India.
- Cross-sectional study of antibiotic knowledge, attitudes, and practices among caregivers of older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a seventy-two-hour antibiotic time-out checklist and measuring de-escalation rates in older adult care in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a multidisciplinary antimicrobial stewardship program in a district hospital and its impact on antibiotic consumption in older adult care in India.
Subsection 9.5: Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, Pressure Injuries, and Infection Prevention
- Comparative study of pressure injury prevalence in older adults admitted to geriatric wards versus general medical wards in India.
- Comparative study of Braden Scale versus Norton Scale for predicting pressure injury development in older inpatients in India.
- Comparative study of pressure injury prevention bundle adherence in public hospitals versus private hospitals in India.
- Comparative study of wound infection rates in diabetic older adults versus non-diabetic older adults in India.
- Comparative study of cellulitis outcomes in older adults with chronic venous insufficiency versus without venous disease in India.
- Comparative study of foot infection severity in older adults with diabetes mellitus versus without diabetes mellitus in India.
- Comparative study of home-based wound care versus clinic-based wound care for healing outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of pressure redistribution mattresses versus standard mattresses for pressure injury prevention in Indian hospitals.
- Comparative study of chlorhexidine bathing versus standard bathing for reducing skin infections in dependent older adults in India.
- Comparative study of nutrition status and association with wound healing time among older adults with pressure injuries in India.
- Comparative study of anemia presence versus absence and association with wound healing outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver training in wound care versus usual advice for infection prevention in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic prescribing patterns for skin and soft tissue infections in older adults in India across departments.
- Comparative study of prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in older adult skin infections versus younger adults in India.
- Comparative study of pressure injury-related readmissions in older adults discharged with structured follow-up versus usual care in India.
- Comparative study of diabetic foot ulcer recurrence rates in older adults receiving foot care education versus usual care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pressure injury prevention bundle versus usual care for reducing new pressure injuries in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pressure redistribution mattress versus standard mattress for pressure injury prevention in Indian hospitals.
- Randomized controlled trial of chlorhexidine bathing versus standard bathing for reducing skin colonization and infections in dependent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of high-protein nutrition supplementation versus usual diet for improving wound healing in older adults with pressure injuries in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver wound care training program versus usual advice for reducing wound infection rates in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of diabetic foot care education plus regular foot examination versus usual care for preventing foot ulcers in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of topical antimicrobial dressing versus standard dressing for healing outcomes in older adults with pressure injuries in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured repositioning schedule versus usual care for pressure injury prevention in older inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of moisture management protocol versus usual care for preventing pressure injuries in incontinent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based wound care plus telephonic follow-up versus clinic-only wound care for healing outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of multidisciplinary diabetic foot clinic follow-up versus usual care for ulcer healing and recurrence prevention in Indian older adults.
- Randomized controlled trial of anemia correction protocol versus usual care for improving wound healing in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of skin hygiene education for caregivers versus usual care for infection prevention in dependent older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic stewardship review for skin infections versus usual care for reducing unnecessary antibiotic use in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pressure injury risk screening at admission plus targeted interventions versus usual care in Indian hospitals.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker home visits for pressure injury prevention education versus usual care in dependent older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of pressure injury incidence and predictors among older adults admitted to Indian medical wards.
- Prospective observational study of wound microbiology and resistance patterns among older adults with skin and soft tissue infections in India.
- Retrospective observational study of pressure injury documentation quality and associated outcomes among older inpatients in India.
- Retrospective observational study of diabetic foot infection admissions among older adults in India and predictors of amputation.
- Mixed-methods study of caregiver experiences managing pressure injuries at home and barriers to infection prevention in India.
- Cross-sectional study of pressure injury prevalence in home-bound older adults and association with nutrition and caregiver support in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a pressure injury prevention checklist and measuring new pressure injury rates in older wards in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a home wound care support pathway integrated with primary health centers and its impact on readmissions in India.
Section 10: Palliative Care, Symptom Control, End-of-life Care, and Advance Care Planning
Subsection 10.1: Symptom Burden Assessment and Multidimensional Symptom Control
- Comparative study of Edmonton Symptom Assessment System versus Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale for symptom burden monitoring in older adults receiving palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of routine symptom scoring at each visit versus clinician judgment–based assessment for pain control outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of symptom burden patterns in older adults with cancer versus advanced heart failure in Indian palliative care services.
- Comparative study of symptom burden in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus chronic kidney disease among older adults receiving palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of pain assessment using numeric rating scale versus observational pain scale in older adults with cognitive impairment in India.
- Comparative study of constipation screening protocols versus as-needed documentation for opioid-related constipation in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of breathlessness management using fan therapy versus standard non-pharmacological measures in older adults with chronic lung disease in India.
- Comparative study of nausea control using metoclopramide versus ondansetron in older adults receiving palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of delirium management with non-pharmacological bundle versus antipsychotic-first approach in older adults receiving palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of depression screening integration within palliative care versus referral-based screening for emotional symptom control in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver-reported symptom burden versus patient-reported symptom burden for care planning in dependent older adults in India.
- Comparative study of opioid dose titration guided by standardized protocol versus clinician discretion for pain control and adverse effects in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of early palliative care referral versus late referral for symptom burden control in older adults with advanced illness in India.
- Comparative study of home-based palliative care versus clinic-based palliative care for symptom control and caregiver satisfaction in India.
- Comparative study of integrative approaches (yoga and relaxation) versus usual supportive care for anxiety and pain in older palliative care patients in India.
- Comparative study of polypharmacy burden and symptom control outcomes in older adults receiving palliative care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of standardized symptom assessment at every visit versus usual care for improving pain and breathlessness control in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of opioid-sparing multimodal pain management versus opioid-only approach for pain control and constipation outcomes in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of breathlessness management bundle (fan therapy plus breathing exercises) versus usual care in older adults with chronic lung disease in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of scheduled laxative protocol versus as-needed laxatives for preventing opioid-induced constipation in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training in symptom monitoring versus usual care for reducing unplanned visits among home-based palliative care patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of early palliative care integration for advanced heart failure versus usual cardiology care for symptom burden outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of early palliative care integration for advanced chronic kidney disease versus usual nephrology care for symptom burden and quality of life in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of relaxation and mindfulness intervention versus usual care for anxiety and insomnia in older palliative care patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured delirium prevention protocol versus usual care in older palliative care inpatients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based palliative care visits versus telephonic follow-up only for symptom control and caregiver burden in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nutritional counseling plus symptom control versus symptom control alone for fatigue outcomes in older palliative care patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication review and deprescribing in palliative care versus usual care for pill burden and comfort outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of music therapy versus usual recreational activities for improving mood and perceived symptom burden in older palliative care patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured sleep hygiene intervention versus usual care for insomnia in older palliative care patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of integrated depression collaborative care within palliative care versus usual care for emotional symptom outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of family meetings facilitated by palliative care team versus usual communication for symptom understanding and satisfaction in India.
- Prospective observational study of symptom trajectories and predictors of high symptom burden among older adults enrolled in Indian palliative care programs.
- Prospective observational study of opioid adverse effects and predictors among older palliative care patients in India.
- Retrospective observational study of symptom documentation quality and association with emergency visits among older palliative care patients in India.
- Retrospective observational study of breathlessness management practices and outcomes among older adults with chronic lung disease in Indian palliative care services.
- Mixed-methods study of patient and caregiver experiences with symptom assessment tools in Indian palliative care settings.
- Cross-sectional study of symptom burden, depression, and caregiver strain among home-based palliative care older adults in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a standardized constipation prevention protocol in palliative care and measuring bowel outcomes in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of symptom assessment integration into routine geriatric outpatient clinics with palliative care referral triggers in India.
Subsection 10.2: Advance Care Planning, Goals of Care, and Communication
- Comparative study of advance care planning completion rates after structured counseling versus usual counseling among Indian older adults with chronic illness.
- Comparative study of goals-of-care discussions initiated during hospitalization versus outpatient setting and completion rates in India.
- Comparative study of family meeting model versus clinician-only counseling for advance care planning acceptance in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of written advance care planning documents versus audio-recorded preferences for feasibility in low-literacy Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of advance care planning discussions with caregiver present versus without caregiver present for concordance of preferences in India.
- Comparative study of advance care planning completion in cancer versus non-cancer advanced illnesses among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of advance care planning uptake in public hospitals versus private hospitals among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of advance care planning uptake among older adults with dementia versus without dementia in India.
- Comparative study of advance care planning uptake in joint families versus nuclear families in India and influencing factors.
- Comparative study of clinician comfort and skills in advance care planning discussions before and after training in India.
- Comparative study of use of decision aids versus routine counseling for improving understanding of life-sustaining treatments in Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of advance care planning documentation rates in electronic records versus paper records in Indian hospitals.
- Comparative study of patient preference stability over time with periodic review versus single-time documentation in India.
- Comparative study of early palliative care referral and its association with advance care planning completion among Indian older adults.
- Comparative study of advance care planning completion and association with reduced intensive care unit admissions at end of life in India.
- Comparative study of spiritual care integration versus no spiritual care and its association with acceptance of advance care planning in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured advance care planning counseling session with decision aid versus usual counseling for completion rates in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of clinician communication skills training versus usual training for improving advance care planning initiation rates in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of family-inclusive advance care planning meetings versus patient-only counseling for concordance and satisfaction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of periodic advance care planning review every six months versus no scheduled review for preference concordance in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of video-based education about life-sustaining treatments versus pamphlet-based education for improving understanding and advance care planning uptake in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse-led advance care planning initiation versus physician-only initiation for uptake and feasibility in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based advance care planning visits versus clinic-based counseling for completion rates in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of telemedicine advance care planning counseling versus in-person counseling for uptake among rural older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of social worker–facilitated advance care planning versus usual care for completion and reduced conflict in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of spiritual counseling integration into advance care planning versus usual care for distress and acceptance in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of simplified advance care planning form with pictorial aids versus standard form for completion in low-literacy older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of advance care planning initiation during non-communicable disease clinic visits versus usual care for completion in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training on surrogate decision-making versus usual care for improved confidence and reduced conflict in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured discharge planning including goals-of-care discussion versus usual discharge planning for reduced readmissions in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of “conversation prompts” tool for clinicians versus no tool for advance care planning initiation in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community awareness sessions about advance care planning versus usual health education for acceptance among older adults in India.
- Prospective observational study of stability of end-of-life preferences over one year among Indian older adults with advanced chronic illness.
- Prospective observational study of concordance between patient preferences and family understanding in Indian households after advance care planning discussions.
- Retrospective observational study of advance care planning documentation and association with end-of-life care intensity among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of conflicts in end-of-life decision-making and associated factors among Indian older adults.
- Mixed-methods study of cultural, religious, and family dynamics influencing advance care planning in India.
- Cross-sectional study of clinician knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding advance care planning in Indian hospitals.
- Quality improvement study implementing an advance care planning documentation prompt in hospital records and measuring completion rates in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of integrating advance care planning triggers into chronic disease clinics and its impact on completion and satisfaction in India.
Subsection 10.3: Home-based Palliative Care, Hospice Models, and Continuity of Care
- Comparative study of home-based palliative care versus hospital-based palliative care for symptom control and caregiver satisfaction among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of palliative care delivered by specialist team versus trained primary care team for outcomes in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of frequency of home visits (weekly versus fortnightly) and association with symptom control in older adults in India.
- Comparative study of telephonic follow-up versus home visits for continuity and symptom control in home-based palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of hospice enrollment versus non-enrollment for emergency visits and hospital deaths among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of continuity of care using a dedicated case manager versus no case manager in Indian home palliative services.
- Comparative study of medication availability at home in public-supported palliative programs versus private programs in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in households receiving home-based palliative care versus usual care in India.
- Comparative study of home-based palliative care outcomes in cancer versus non-cancer chronic illnesses among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of rural versus urban access to home-based palliative care services and outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of cost and out-of-pocket expenditure in home-based palliative care versus repeated hospital visits in India.
- Comparative study of symptom crisis management using “just-in-case” medicine kits versus usual prescribing in Indian home palliative care.
- Comparative study of caregiver training delivered at home versus in clinic for symptom monitoring skills in India.
- Comparative study of bereavement support availability and caregiver outcomes after death in home palliative services in India.
- Comparative study of integration of social work and welfare scheme linkage versus no linkage in home palliative care programs in India.
- Comparative study of place of death preferences and actual place of death among older adults enrolled in home palliative care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of “just-in-case” medicine kit provision versus usual care for reducing emergency visits among older home palliative care patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of telemedicine support plus home visits versus home visits alone for symptom control and caregiver confidence in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training in symptom monitoring plus follow-up calls versus usual care for reducing unplanned hospitalizations in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of weekly home visits versus fortnightly visits for symptom control outcomes in older adults receiving palliative care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of case manager–led coordination versus usual care for improving continuity and reducing hospital utilization in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nurse-led home palliative care model versus physician-led model for symptom control and satisfaction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured bereavement support program versus usual care for reducing complicated grief among caregivers in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of welfare scheme linkage intervention versus usual care for reducing financial stress in home palliative care households in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based physiotherapy and mobility support versus usual care for maintaining function in older palliative care patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver respite linkage versus usual care for caregiver burden reduction in home palliative services in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of nutrition support intervention versus usual care for fatigue and wellbeing outcomes in older home palliative care patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based spiritual care integration versus usual care for emotional wellbeing outcomes in Indian palliative care patients.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured communication protocol for home visits versus usual care for satisfaction and concordance in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication review and deprescribing intervention in home palliative care versus usual care for pill burden and comfort outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of community health worker support for home palliative care follow-up versus usual care in rural India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver peer-support groups for home palliative care families versus no groups for caregiver outcomes in India.
- Prospective observational study of emergency visit predictors among older adults enrolled in home-based palliative care programs in India.
- Prospective observational study of symptom control trajectories and service utilization among older adults in Indian home palliative care.
- Retrospective observational study of place of death, hospitalizations, and end-of-life care patterns among older adults enrolled in Indian palliative services.
- Retrospective observational study of opioid access delays and symptom crises in home palliative care patients in India.
- Mixed-methods study of family experiences and barriers to home-based end-of-life care in India.
- Cross-sectional study of caregiver burden, depression, and social support among home palliative care families in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a continuity-of-care checklist for home palliative care and measuring unplanned hospitalizations in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of integrating home palliative care with primary health centers and its impact on access and outcomes in rural India.
Subsection 10.4: Dementia Palliative Care, Feeding Decisions, and Comfort-focused Care
- Comparative study of symptom burden in advanced dementia versus advanced cancer among older adults receiving palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of feeding tube decisions guided by structured counseling versus routine counseling in older adults with advanced dementia in India.
- Comparative study of comfort feeding only versus tube feeding for aspiration pneumonia and quality-of-life outcomes in advanced dementia in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver understanding of disease trajectory in dementia with structured education versus usual counseling in India.
- Comparative study of agitation management using non-pharmacological bundle versus antipsychotic-first approach in advanced dementia in India.
- Comparative study of pain recognition using observational pain scales versus routine assessment in advanced dementia patients in India.
- Comparative study of pressure injury incidence in advanced dementia patients managed at home versus institutional settings in India.
- Comparative study of urinary tract infection treatment decisions (symptom-based versus urine culture–driven) in advanced dementia in India.
- Comparative study of hospitalization rates in advanced dementia patients enrolled in home palliative care versus usual care in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic use in advanced dementia near end of life versus non-use and outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver burden in dementia palliative care versus cancer palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of advance care planning completion in early dementia versus advanced dementia in India.
- Comparative study of delirium incidence in advanced dementia patients receiving sedatives versus non-sedative approaches in India.
- Comparative study of constipation prevention protocols versus usual care in advanced dementia patients receiving opioids in India.
- Comparative study of spiritual care integration versus no spiritual care for caregiver distress in dementia palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of bereavement outcomes in caregivers of dementia patients receiving structured bereavement support versus usual care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured caregiver education in dementia palliative care versus usual counseling for caregiver burden and patient comfort outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of comfort-focused care pathway implementation versus usual care for reducing hospitalization and improving comfort in advanced dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of non-pharmacological agitation management toolkit versus usual care for behavioral symptom reduction in advanced dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of observational pain scale–guided analgesia versus usual care for reducing distress and agitation in advanced dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training in safe feeding and aspiration prevention versus usual care in advanced dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of pressure injury prevention bundle versus usual care for reducing pressure injuries in advanced dementia patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured goals-of-care discussion at diagnosis of moderate dementia versus usual care for advance care planning completion in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based palliative care enrollment versus usual care for advanced dementia patients in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic stewardship approach for suspected infections in advanced dementia versus usual care for antibiotic use reduction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of scheduled laxative protocol versus as-needed laxatives for preventing constipation in advanced dementia patients receiving opioids in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver respite linkage versus usual care for caregiver stress reduction in dementia palliative care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured bereavement support program versus usual care for caregiver grief outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of spiritual counseling integration versus usual care for caregiver distress and acceptance in dementia palliative care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication review and deprescribing in advanced dementia versus usual care for pill burden and comfort outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured oral care and hydration protocol versus usual care for comfort outcomes in advanced dementia in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of sleep hygiene and daytime activity program versus usual care for night-time restlessness in advanced dementia in India.
- Prospective observational study of symptom trajectories, infections, and hospitalization predictors among advanced dementia patients in India.
- Prospective observational study of feeding problems, weight loss, and comfort outcomes in advanced dementia managed with comfort feeding in India.
- Retrospective observational study of end-of-life hospitalization patterns and potentially avoidable admissions in advanced dementia patients in India.
- Retrospective observational study of antibiotic use near end of life in advanced dementia and association with symptom burden in India.
- Mixed-methods study of family decision-making experiences regarding feeding tubes and hospitalization in advanced dementia in India.
- Cross-sectional study of caregiver knowledge and attitudes regarding comfort feeding and palliative care in dementia in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing a dementia comfort care pathway in an Indian hospital and measuring hospitalization and symptom outcomes.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a community dementia palliative care support model integrated with primary health centers in India.
Subsection 10.5: End-of-life Care Intensity, Hospital Utilization, and Quality Indicators
- Comparative study of intensive care unit admission rates in the last thirty days of life among older adults with cancer versus advanced heart failure in India.
- Comparative study of end-of-life hospital deaths versus home deaths and associated factors among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of chemotherapy use in the last fourteen days of life versus earlier cessation and outcomes in older cancer patients in India.
- Comparative study of dialysis use in the last thirty days of life versus conservative management in very old adults with advanced kidney disease in India.
- Comparative study of cardiopulmonary resuscitation attempts and outcomes in very old inpatients versus younger adults in India.
- Comparative study of symptom burden and satisfaction in patients receiving early palliative care referral versus late referral in India.
- Comparative study of do-not-attempt-resuscitation order documentation rates in geriatric wards versus general wards in India.
- Comparative study of antibiotic use in the last week of life in older adults receiving palliative care versus those not receiving palliative care in India.
- Comparative study of opioid access delays in public hospitals versus private hospitals and symptom outcomes in India.
- Comparative study of emergency department visits in last ninety days of life among older adults enrolled in home palliative care versus not enrolled in India.
- Comparative study of advance care planning documentation and association with reduced intensive care admissions at end of life in India.
- Comparative study of caregiver satisfaction with end-of-life care in home-based palliative care versus hospital-based care in India.
- Comparative study of place of death preferences and actual place of death among older adults in India.
- Comparative study of end-of-life spending and catastrophic health expenditure among families with older adults in India.
- Comparative study of bereavement outcomes in caregivers receiving structured bereavement support versus usual care in India.
- Comparative study of end-of-life care quality indicators in public hospitals versus private hospitals in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of early palliative care referral versus usual care for reducing end-of-life hospital utilization and improving quality of life in older adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured goals-of-care discussions during hospitalization versus usual care for reducing intensive care unit admissions at end of life in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of home-based palliative care enrollment versus usual care for reducing emergency visits and hospital deaths in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of “just-in-case” medicine kit provision versus usual care for reducing symptom crises and emergency visits at end of life in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of clinician communication training for end-of-life discussions versus usual training for improving do-not-attempt-resuscitation documentation in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of discharge planning with palliative follow-up calls versus usual care for reducing readmissions in the last ninety days of life in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of integrated social work and financial counseling versus usual care for reducing catastrophic expenditure near end of life in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of caregiver training in end-of-life symptom management versus usual care for reducing emergency visits in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of standardized end-of-life care pathway in wards versus usual care for quality indicators and comfort outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic stewardship intervention at end of life versus usual care for reducing non-beneficial antibiotic use in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of conservative kidney management clinic versus usual care for reducing dialysis initiation near end of life in very old adults in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of structured bereavement support program versus usual care for caregiver outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of spiritual counseling integration versus usual care for caregiver distress and satisfaction in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of medication review and deprescribing in palliative care versus usual care for pill burden and comfort outcomes in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of symptom scoring and rapid response protocol versus usual care for reducing emergency visits in home palliative care in India.
- Randomized controlled trial of hospice referral triggers integrated into chronic disease clinics versus usual care for earlier hospice enrollment in India.
- Prospective observational study of end-of-life care intensity and predictors among older adults with advanced chronic illness in India.
- Prospective observational study of quality indicator adherence and association with caregiver satisfaction in Indian hospitals.
- Retrospective observational study of end-of-life intensive care unit utilization patterns and potentially avoidable admissions among older adults in India.
- Retrospective observational study of do-not-attempt-resuscitation documentation timing and outcomes among older inpatients in India.
- Mixed-methods study of family experiences with end-of-life decision-making and perceived quality of care in India.
- Cross-sectional study of clinician attitudes and barriers to palliative referral and do-not-attempt-resuscitation documentation in India.
- Quality improvement study implementing an end-of-life care bundle and measuring do-not-attempt-resuscitation documentation, opioid access, and comfort outcomes in India.
- Pragmatic implementation study of a district-level home palliative care expansion program and its impact on hospital deaths and caregiver satisfaction in India.
