Gastrointestinal Surgeries Thesis Topics For MS/DNB Surgery

GIT realted surgery Thesis TOpics

These gastrointestinal surgery thesis topics for MS General Surgery cover oesophageal and gastric disorders, small and large bowel disease, appendicitis, anorectal conditions, gastrointestinal perforation, intestinal obstruction, malignancy and stoma-related problems. Intended for MS and DNB General Surgery candidates, these gastrointestinal surgery research topics favour descriptive, comparative and diagnostic studies that can be completed within one thesis period using existing surgical admissions, endoscopy, imaging, operation notes and histopathology records. A practical gastrointestinal surgery protocol should specify the eligible patient population and how diagnoses are confirmed before the gastrointestinal surgery synopsis is finalised.

Last reviewed and updated: · all 500 topics checked for 2026–2027 admissions

Our MS General Surgery Thesis Guidance covers operative outcome definitions (Clavien–Dindo grading, CDC surgical site infection criteria), follow-up schedules, and institutional review board (IRB) layout guides.

Oesophagus and Gastroesophageal Junction

  1. Dysphagia in adults presenting to a surgical outpatient department: clinical, endoscopic and radiological profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Progressive dysphagia and its relationship with endoscopic evidence of oesophageal malignancy: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  3. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in patients presenting with dysphagia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.
  4. Benign and malignant causes of dysphagia in adult surgical patients: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  5. Oesophageal carcinoma at presentation: clinical, endoscopic and computed tomography characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  6. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus: differences in demographic, anatomical and endoscopic characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  7. Upper, middle and lower third oesophageal cancers: differences in symptom pattern and imaging findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  8. Dysphagia severity and endoscopic level of obstruction in patients with oesophageal carcinoma: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  9. Weight loss in oesophageal carcinoma and its relationship with tumour location and luminal narrowing: a cross-sectional study.
  10. Anaemia among patients with oesophageal malignancy and its relationship with endoscopic tumour morphology: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  11. Computed tomography findings in oesophageal carcinoma and their relationship with endoscopic tumour length: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  12. Endoscopic tumour length and radiological extent of oesophageal carcinoma: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  13. Oesophageal wall thickening on computed tomography and endoscopic malignancy: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  14. Cervical and thoracic oesophageal malignancies: differences in clinical presentation and radiological findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  15. Oesophageal growth morphology and degree of dysphagia at presentation: a cross-sectional observational study.
  16. Smoking and tobacco exposure among patients with oesophageal carcinoma: a cross-sectional analytical study.
  17. Alcohol consumption pattern among patients presenting with oesophageal carcinoma: an observational cross-sectional study.
  18. Nutritional status of patients with oesophageal malignancy at first surgical assessment: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  19. Body mass index and dysphagia severity in patients with oesophageal carcinoma: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  20. Serum albumin and haemoglobin abnormalities among patients with oesophageal carcinoma: a cross-sectional study.
  21. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in surgical patients: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  22. Reflux oesophagitis severity and body mass index in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  23. Hiatus hernia on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and its relationship with reflux symptoms: a cross-sectional study.
  24. Hiatus hernia in obese and non-obese adults undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  25. Endoscopic oesophagitis in patients with and without hiatus hernia: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  26. Barrett oesophagus in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux symptoms: prevalence and endoscopic characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  27. Chronic gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and lower oesophageal mucosal changes on endoscopy: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  28. Oesophageal candidiasis in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: clinical profile and associated factors in a cross-sectional study.
  29. Corrosive oesophageal injury at presentation: clinical and endoscopic grading in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  30. Acid and alkali corrosive ingestion: differences in upper gastrointestinal endoscopic injury patterns in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  31. Clinical symptoms and endoscopic severity of corrosive oesophageal injury: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  32. Oesophageal stricture following corrosive ingestion presenting to a surgical unit: clinical and radiological profile in a cross-sectional study.
  33. Benign oesophageal stricture and oesophageal carcinoma: differences in clinical and endoscopic characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  34. Barium swallow and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in evaluation of oesophageal strictures: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  35. Oesophageal stricture length on contrast study and endoscopic findings: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  36. Achalasia cardia at presentation: clinical, radiological and endoscopic characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  37. Achalasia cardia and malignant pseudoachalasia: differences in clinical and endoscopic features in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  38. Bird-beak appearance on contrast study and endoscopic findings in suspected achalasia cardia: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  39. Duration of dysphagia and oesophageal dilatation in patients with achalasia cardia: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  40. Megaoesophagus in achalasia cardia: clinical and radiological characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  41. Foreign bodies in the oesophagus among adults: site, type and presenting symptoms in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  42. Food bolus impaction and non-food foreign bodies in the oesophagus: differences in clinical and endoscopic characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  43. Site of oesophageal foreign body impaction and its relationship with underlying oesophageal pathology: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  44. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in acute oesophageal foreign body impaction: findings and anatomical distribution in a cross-sectional study.
  45. Oesophageal perforation at presentation: clinical and imaging characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  46. Spontaneous and iatrogenic oesophageal perforation: differences in presentation and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  47. Pneumomediastinum in suspected oesophageal perforation and its relationship with the anatomical site of injury: a cross-sectional study.
  48. Gastroesophageal junction growths presenting with dysphagia: clinical, endoscopic and computed tomography profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  49. Oesophageal and gastroesophageal junction malignancies: differences in endoscopic morphology and radiological spread in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  50. Spectrum of oesophageal disorders encountered during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a general surgery department: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Stomach and Duodenum

  1. Dyspepsia in adult surgical patients: spectrum of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Epigastric pain and endoscopic gastroduodenal pathology in adults: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  3. Gastritis on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and its relationship with dyspeptic symptoms: a cross-sectional study.
  4. Erosive and non-erosive gastritis: differences in clinical presentation and associated risk factors in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  5. Gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer: differences in demographic and endoscopic characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  6. Peptic ulcer disease in patients with and without tobacco exposure: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  7. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and gastroduodenal mucosal injury on endoscopy: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  8. Multiple and solitary peptic ulcers: differences in clinical and endoscopic characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  9. Gastric outlet obstruction at presentation: clinical, biochemical and endoscopic profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  10. Benign and malignant gastric outlet obstruction: differences in clinical, endoscopic and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  11. Succussion splash and endoscopic evidence of gastric outlet obstruction: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  12. Electrolyte abnormalities in patients with gastric outlet obstruction and their relationship with severity of vomiting: a cross-sectional study.
  13. Pyloric stenosis secondary to peptic ulcer disease: clinical and endoscopic characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  14. Gastric carcinoma at first surgical evaluation: clinical, endoscopic and computed tomography profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  15. Proximal and distal gastric cancers: differences in symptom pattern and endoscopic morphology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  16. Gastric carcinoma presenting with gastric outlet obstruction: clinical and radiological characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  17. Weight loss in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with tumour location and endoscopic extent: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  18. Anaemia in patients with gastric malignancy and its relationship with tumour morphology: a cross-sectional study.
  19. Serum albumin and nutritional status among patients with gastric carcinoma: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  20. Ulceroproliferative and infiltrative gastric malignancies: differences in endoscopic and computed tomography features in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  21. Gastric wall thickening on computed tomography and malignant endoscopic lesions: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  22. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and computed tomography in localisation of gastric carcinoma: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  23. Endoscopic tumour location and computed tomography evidence of adjacent organ involvement in gastric cancer: a cross-sectional study.
  24. Gastric lymphadenopathy on computed tomography and endoscopic tumour characteristics: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  25. Pyloric and antral gastric cancers: differences in clinical presentation and gastric outlet obstruction in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  26. Gastric body and fundal cancers: differences in symptom profile and endoscopic morphology in a cross-sectional study.
  27. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in adults: clinical and endoscopic spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  28. Peptic ulcer disease and variceal bleeding as causes of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  29. Melena and hematemesis patterns in relation to upper gastrointestinal endoscopic diagnosis: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  30. Haemoglobin level and endoscopic source of upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a cross-sectional study.
  31. Gastric and duodenal ulcers among patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  32. Endoscopic stigmata of recent haemorrhage in peptic ulcer disease and presenting haemoglobin levels: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  33. Mallory-Weiss tear among patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: clinical and endoscopic profile in a cross-sectional study.
  34. Gastric polyps detected during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: prevalence and morphological characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  35. Solitary and multiple gastric polyps: differences in size, location and endoscopic appearance in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  36. Gastric subepithelial lesions detected at endoscopy: location and morphological spectrum in a cross-sectional study.
  37. Gastric bezoar in adults: clinical and endoscopic characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  38. Foreign bodies in the stomach and duodenum: type, location and endoscopic findings in a cross-sectional study.
  39. Duodenitis in patients with chronic dyspepsia: clinical and endoscopic profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  40. Duodenal ulcer morphology and presenting symptom patterns: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  41. Gastric mucosal lesions in patients with chronic tobacco use: a cross-sectional endoscopic study.
  42. Gastric mucosal changes in patients with regular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug consumption: a cross-sectional study.
  43. Endoscopic findings in patients presenting with unexplained persistent vomiting: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  44. Computed tomography and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in gastric outlet obstruction: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  45. Gastric distension on imaging and endoscopic level of obstruction: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  46. Gastric volvulus at presentation: clinical and imaging features in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  47. Organoaxial and mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus: differences in clinical and radiological presentation in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  48. Duodenal obstruction in adults: clinical, endoscopic and imaging spectrum in a cross-sectional study.
  49. Benign and malignant duodenal lesions presenting to a surgical unit: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  50. Spectrum of gastric and duodenal disorders diagnosed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in adult surgical patients: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Small Intestine and Mesentery

  1. Small bowel obstruction in adults: clinical, radiological and operative spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Adhesive and non-adhesive small bowel obstruction: differences in clinical and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  3. Small bowel obstruction in patients with and without previous abdominal surgery: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  4. Transition point on computed tomography and operative site of small bowel obstruction: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  5. Small bowel diameter on imaging and severity of obstruction at surgery: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  6. Closed-loop small bowel obstruction on computed tomography and operative findings: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  7. Mesenteric swirl sign and intraoperative volvulus in small bowel obstruction: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  8. Small bowel faeces sign on computed tomography and operative cause of obstruction: a cross-sectional study.
  9. Strangulated and non-strangulated small bowel obstruction: differences in clinical, laboratory and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  10. Leucocytosis and bowel ischaemia in patients with small bowel obstruction: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  11. Serum lactate and intraoperative bowel viability in acute small bowel obstruction: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  12. Abdominal tenderness and guarding as indicators of bowel ischaemia in small bowel obstruction: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  13. Free intraperitoneal fluid on computed tomography and strangulation in small bowel obstruction: a cross-sectional study.
  14. Bowel wall thickening and reduced enhancement on computed tomography as indicators of ischaemic small bowel: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  15. Adhesive bands encountered during surgery for intestinal obstruction: anatomical pattern and associated patient factors in a cross-sectional study.
  16. Single-band and multiple-adhesion small bowel obstruction: differences in operative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  17. Primary and secondary small bowel volvulus: clinical and computed tomography characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  18. Small bowel volvulus at surgery and preoperative radiological predictors: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  19. Ileal strictures causing intestinal obstruction: clinical, imaging and operative characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  20. Tubercular and non-tubercular ileal strictures: differences in clinical and operative morphology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  21. Multiple and solitary ileal strictures: differences in clinical presentation and operative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  22. Ileocecal tuberculosis at presentation: clinical, radiological and operative profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  23. Abdominal tuberculosis involving the small intestine and mesentery: spectrum of imaging and operative findings in a cross-sectional study.
  24. Mesenteric lymphadenopathy in suspected abdominal tuberculosis and its relationship with bowel involvement: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  25. Small bowel perforation in adults: causes, anatomical distribution and operative findings in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  26. Ileal and jejunal perforations: differences in aetiology and operative contamination in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  27. Typhoid and non-typhoid ileal perforation: differences in clinical and operative characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  28. Solitary and multiple ileal perforations: differences in presentation and intraoperative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  29. Free intraperitoneal air and operative site of small bowel perforation: a cross-sectional imaging correlation study.
  30. Small bowel perforation with localised versus generalised peritonitis: differences in clinical and laboratory parameters in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  31. Mesenteric ischaemia at presentation: clinical, biochemical and computed tomography profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  32. Acute mesenteric ischaemia and strangulated small bowel obstruction: differences in clinical and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  33. Superior mesenteric artery thrombosis and venous thrombosis: comparative computed tomography characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  34. Bowel wall pneumatosis and mesenteric vascular compromise on computed tomography: a cross-sectional analytical study.
  35. Mesenteric oedema in acute small bowel pathology and its operative correlates: a cross-sectional study.
  36. Small bowel tumours presenting to a general surgery unit: clinical and imaging spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  37. Benign and malignant small bowel tumours: differences in clinical and computed tomography characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  38. Small bowel neoplasms presenting with obstruction and bleeding: comparative clinical features in a cross-sectional study.
  39. Jejunal and ileal tumours: differences in presentation and imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  40. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours of the small bowel: clinical and computed tomography characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  41. Small bowel intussusception in adults: clinical, imaging and operative profile in a cross-sectional study.
  42. Lead-point and idiopathic adult intussusception: differences in computed tomography and operative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  43. Enterolith and bezoar-induced small bowel obstruction: clinical and imaging characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  44. Meckel diverticulum encountered during surgery: prevalence and anatomical characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  45. Complicated Meckel diverticulum in adults: clinical and operative spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  46. Meckel diverticulitis and acute appendicitis: differences in presentation and operative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  47. Mesenteric cysts presenting to a surgical unit: clinical and imaging characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  48. Mesenteric and omental cystic lesions: differences in anatomical location and imaging appearance in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  49. Mesenteric masses detected on computed tomography: spectrum of surgical diagnoses in a cross-sectional study.
  50. Spectrum of small intestinal and mesenteric disorders requiring surgical evaluation in a tertiary care hospital: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Appendix, Caecum and Ileocecal Region

  1. Acute appendicitis in adults: clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and operative profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Classical and atypical presentations of acute appendicitis: differences in clinical and operative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  3. Right iliac fossa pain and final surgical diagnosis in adults: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  4. Alvarado score and operative evidence of acute appendicitis: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  5. Modified Alvarado score and histopathological acute appendicitis: a diagnostic accuracy cross-sectional study.
  6. Appendicitis inflammatory response score and operative severity of acute appendicitis: a cross-sectional validation study.
  7. Clinical scoring and ultrasonography for diagnosing acute appendicitis: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  8. Ultrasonographic appendix diameter and operative severity of acute appendicitis: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  9. Non-compressible appendix on ultrasonography and operative appendicitis: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  10. Appendicolith on imaging and complicated acute appendicitis: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  11. Periappendiceal fluid on ultrasonography and complicated appendicitis at surgery: a cross-sectional study.
  12. Leucocyte count and operative grade of acute appendicitis: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  13. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and complicated acute appendicitis: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  14. C-reactive protein and intraoperative severity of acute appendicitis: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  15. Serum bilirubin and perforated appendicitis: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  16. Hyponatraemia and complicated appendicitis at presentation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  17. Simple and complicated acute appendicitis: differences in clinical and laboratory characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  18. Perforated and non-perforated appendicitis: differences in ultrasonographic findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  19. Gangrenous appendicitis and its preoperative clinical predictors: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  20. Appendicular perforation and presenting duration of symptoms: a cross-sectional study.
  21. Appendicular mass at presentation: clinical, laboratory and imaging characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  22. Appendicular abscess and appendicular mass: differences in clinical and ultrasonographic features in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  23. Appendicular lump and ileocecal malignancy: differences in clinical and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  24. Retrocecal appendix and atypical clinical presentation of acute appendicitis: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  25. Pelvic appendix and urinary or pelvic symptoms in acute appendicitis: a cross-sectional study.
  26. Anatomical position of the appendix and presenting symptom pattern: an observational cross-sectional study.
  27. Appendix length and position observed during appendicectomy: anatomical characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  28. Male and female patients with acute appendicitis: differences in clinical and imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  29. Acute appendicitis in younger and older adults: differences in presentation and complication rates at admission in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  30. Acute appendicitis in obese and non-obese adults: differences in clinical and ultrasonographic findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  31. Negative appendicectomy and its preoperative clinical and imaging predictors: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  32. Normal appendix at surgery despite clinical suspicion of appendicitis: associated presenting features in a cross-sectional study.
  33. Computed tomography findings in equivocal acute appendicitis: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  34. Ultrasonography and computed tomography in suspected acute appendicitis: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  35. Right iliac fossa tenderness and imaging-confirmed appendicitis: diagnostic performance in a cross-sectional study.
  36. Migration of pain and operative appendicitis: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  37. Anorexia, nausea and vomiting in acute appendicitis and their relationship with operative severity: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  38. Appendicolith size and perforation in acute appendicitis: a cross-sectional study.
  39. Caecal wall thickening in acute appendicitis and complicated periappendiceal inflammation: a cross-sectional imaging study.
  40. Ileocecal thickening on computed tomography: spectrum of benign and malignant causes in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  41. Ileocecal tuberculosis and caecal carcinoma: differences in clinical and computed tomography characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  42. Caecal carcinoma presenting as right iliac fossa mass: clinical and imaging profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  43. Ileocecal mass lesions in adults: clinical, endoscopic and computed tomography spectrum in a cross-sectional study.
  44. Colonoscopy and computed tomography findings in patients with ileocecal wall thickening: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  45. Terminal ileal thickening on computed tomography and ileocolonoscopic findings: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  46. Ileocecal tuberculosis with and without intestinal obstruction: differences in clinical and imaging findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  47. Caecal diverticulitis and acute appendicitis: comparative clinical and imaging characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  48. Appendiceal neoplasms detected in appendicectomy specimens: prevalence and clinicopathological characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  49. Mucocele of the appendix at presentation: clinical, imaging and operative characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  50. Spectrum of appendicular and ileocecal disorders presenting as right iliac fossa pain or mass: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Colon and Colorectal Disorders

  1. Large bowel obstruction in adults: clinical, radiological and operative spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Malignant and benign large bowel obstruction: differences in clinical and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  3. Right-sided and left-sided colonic obstruction: differences in presentation and radiological findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  4. Colorectal malignancy presenting with obstruction: clinical, biochemical and computed tomography profile in a cross-sectional study.
  5. Transition point on computed tomography and operative site of large bowel obstruction: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  6. Caecal diameter on abdominal imaging and severity of distal colonic obstruction: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  7. Closed-loop large bowel obstruction and operative findings: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  8. Colonic volvulus in adults: clinical, radiological and operative characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  9. Sigmoid and caecal volvulus: differences in clinical and imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  10. Coffee-bean sign and operative sigmoid volvulus: diagnostic performance in a cross-sectional study.
  11. Mesenteric whirl sign in colonic volvulus and intraoperative findings: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  12. Colorectal carcinoma at presentation: demographic, clinical, endoscopic and computed tomography profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  13. Right-sided and left-sided colorectal cancers: differences in clinical presentation and laboratory abnormalities in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  14. Colon and rectal cancers: differences in presenting symptoms and endoscopic morphology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  15. Young-onset and older-onset colorectal carcinoma: differences in clinical and anatomical presentation in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  16. Anaemia in right-sided colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with tumour morphology: a cross-sectional study.
  17. Altered bowel habits in colorectal malignancy and their relationship with tumour location: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  18. Rectal bleeding and endoscopic colorectal pathology in adults: a cross-sectional study.
  19. Abdominal mass in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with tumour site and size on computed tomography: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  20. Weight loss in colorectal cancer and its relationship with tumour burden on imaging: a cross-sectional study.
  21. Colonoscopy and computed tomography in localisation of colorectal malignancy: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  22. Circumferential and polypoidal colorectal tumours: differences in obstruction and bleeding patterns in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  23. Colorectal tumour length on colonoscopy and wall thickening on computed tomography: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  24. Regional lymphadenopathy in colorectal carcinoma and associated primary tumour imaging characteristics: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  25. Synchronous colorectal lesions detected at colonoscopy: prevalence and distribution in a cross-sectional study.
  26. Multiple and solitary colorectal polyps: differences in size, site and morphology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  27. Colorectal polyps in adults undergoing colonoscopy: prevalence and anatomical distribution in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  28. Large and small colorectal polyps: differences in morphology and anatomical distribution in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  29. Rectosigmoid and proximal colon polyps: differences in presenting symptoms and endoscopic morphology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  30. Rectal bleeding in younger adults: spectrum of colonoscopic findings in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  31. Chronic constipation and colonoscopic findings in adult surgical patients: a cross-sectional study.
  32. Unexplained iron deficiency anaemia and colorectal lesions on colonoscopy: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  33. Colonic diverticulosis detected at colonoscopy: prevalence and demographic characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  34. Right-sided and left-sided colonic diverticulosis: differences in demographic and clinical characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  35. Acute diverticulitis at presentation: clinical and computed tomography characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  36. Complicated and uncomplicated acute diverticulitis: differences in clinical and imaging findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  37. Colonic perforation in adults: causes, anatomical sites and operative findings in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  38. Malignant and non-malignant colonic perforations: differences in operative contamination and anatomical distribution in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  39. Stercoral perforation and other causes of colonic perforation: comparative clinical and operative characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  40. Colonic ischaemia at presentation: clinical and computed tomography profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  41. Ischaemic and inflammatory colitis: differences in computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  42. Colonic wall thickening on computed tomography and colonoscopic diagnosis: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  43. Focal and diffuse colonic wall thickening: spectrum of endoscopic diagnoses in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  44. Colonic tuberculosis and colorectal carcinoma: differences in computed tomography and colonoscopic features in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  45. Abdominal tuberculosis involving the colon: clinical, radiological and endoscopic profile in a cross-sectional study.
  46. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding in adults: spectrum of colonoscopic diagnoses in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  47. Massive and non-massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding: differences in colonoscopic sources in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  48. Colorectal malignancy with and without obstruction: differences in clinical and radiological characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  49. Emergency and elective presentations of colorectal carcinoma: differences in clinical and imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  50. Spectrum of colonic and colorectal disorders diagnosed by colonoscopy in a general surgery department: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Rectum and Anal Canal

  1. Rectal bleeding in adults presenting to a surgical outpatient department: clinical and proctoscopic spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Haemorrhoids in adult surgical patients: clinical grade, symptom pattern and associated factors in a cross-sectional study.
  3. Grade of haemorrhoids and severity of bleeding symptoms: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  4. Haemorrhoids in patients with chronic constipation and without constipation: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  5. Dietary fibre intake and clinical grade of haemorrhoids: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  6. Internal and external haemorrhoidal disease: differences in symptom pattern and examination findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  7. Thrombosed external haemorrhoids at presentation: clinical characteristics and associated precipitating factors in a cross-sectional study.
  8. Anal fissure in adults: clinical profile, anatomical site and associated bowel habits in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  9. Acute and chronic anal fissure: differences in clinical presentation and local examination findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  10. Posterior and anterior anal fissures: differences in demographic and clinical characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  11. Constipation and anal fissure severity at presentation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  12. Sentinel pile and hypertrophied anal papilla in chronic fissure-in-ano: prevalence and clinical characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  13. Anal fissure and haemorrhoids occurring together: clinical characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  14. Fistula-in-ano in adults: clinical and magnetic resonance imaging profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  15. Simple and complex fistula-in-ano: differences in clinical and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  16. Low and high anal fistulas: differences in external opening location and magnetic resonance imaging anatomy in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  17. Goodsall rule and magnetic resonance imaging-defined fistulous tract direction: a cross-sectional validation study.
  18. External opening distance from the anal verge and complexity of fistula-in-ano: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  19. Multiple external openings and complex fistula anatomy on magnetic resonance imaging: a cross-sectional study.
  20. Recurrent and primary fistula-in-ano: differences in magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  21. Magnetic resonance imaging and operative findings in fistula-in-ano: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  22. Secondary fistulous tracts and abscess cavities on magnetic resonance imaging: prevalence and clinical predictors in a cross-sectional study.
  23. Perianal abscess in adults: anatomical distribution and clinical characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  24. Ischiorectal and perianal abscesses: differences in clinical presentation and imaging findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  25. Diabetes mellitus and complexity of perianal sepsis at presentation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  26. Perianal abscess with and without fistula-in-ano: differences in clinical characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  27. Pilonidal sinus in adults: clinical profile and anatomical characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  28. Single and multiple pilonidal sinus openings: differences in clinical and local examination characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  29. Body mass index and extent of pilonidal sinus disease: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  30. Hair density and local anatomical characteristics in pilonidal sinus disease: a cross-sectional study.
  31. Rectal prolapse in adults: clinical and anatomical characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  32. Partial and complete rectal prolapse: differences in clinical presentation in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  33. Constipation and pelvic floor symptoms among patients with rectal prolapse: a cross-sectional study.
  34. Rectal carcinoma at presentation: clinical, proctoscopic and magnetic resonance imaging profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  35. Upper, middle and lower rectal cancers: differences in presenting symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  36. Digital rectal examination and proctoscopic localisation of rectal tumours: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  37. Digital rectal examination and magnetic resonance imaging assessment of rectal tumour level: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  38. Rectal bleeding and anaemia in patients with rectal carcinoma: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  39. Circumferential and non-circumferential rectal tumours: differences in obstructive symptoms in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  40. Rectal tumour distance from the anal verge and presenting bowel symptoms: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  41. Mesorectal lymph nodes on magnetic resonance imaging and primary rectal tumour characteristics: a cross-sectional study.
  42. Sphincter involvement in lower rectal cancer and its relationship with tumour distance from the anal verge: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  43. Anal canal carcinoma at presentation: clinical and imaging characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  44. Anal canal malignancy and benign anal lesions: differences in clinical examination findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  45. Anal pain in adults: spectrum of surgical diagnoses in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  46. Pruritus ani and associated anorectal findings in surgical patients: a cross-sectional study.
  47. Mucus discharge per rectum and proctoscopic findings in adults: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  48. Proctoscopy and colonoscopy in patients presenting with rectal bleeding: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  49. Digital rectal examination findings and endoscopic diagnosis in patients with lower gastrointestinal symptoms: a cross-sectional study.
  50. Spectrum of anorectal disorders presenting to a tertiary care general surgery outpatient department: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Gastrointestinal Perforation, Peritonitis and Acute Abdomen

  1. Hollow viscus perforation in adults: aetiological, anatomical and operative spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Upper and lower gastrointestinal perforations: differences in clinical presentation and peritoneal contamination in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  3. Peptic and non-peptic gastrointestinal perforations: differences in demographic and operative characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  4. Duodenal and gastric perforations: differences in clinical and radiological presentation in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  5. Ileal and colonic perforations: differences in aetiology and operative contamination in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  6. Free gas under the diaphragm and operative site of gastrointestinal perforation: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  7. Computed tomography and plain radiography for detecting gastrointestinal perforation: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  8. Amount of free intraperitoneal air on computed tomography and site of gastrointestinal perforation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  9. Generalised and localised peritonitis in gastrointestinal perforation: differences in clinical and laboratory findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  10. Mannheim peritonitis index and intraoperative severity of secondary peritonitis: a cross-sectional validation study.
  11. Boey score variables and operative severity of perforated peptic ulcer: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  12. Delay in presentation and degree of peritoneal contamination in hollow viscus perforation: a cross-sectional study.
  13. Leucocytosis and operative contamination in gastrointestinal perforation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  14. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and severity of secondary peritonitis at presentation: a cross-sectional study.
  15. Serum lactate and bowel ischaemia in patients with acute peritonitis: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  16. Serum albumin and severity of intra-abdominal contamination in gastrointestinal perforation: a cross-sectional study.
  17. Acute abdomen in adults: spectrum of surgical diagnoses in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  18. Acute abdomen in younger and older adults: differences in underlying surgical causes in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  19. Acute abdomen in men and women: differences in final surgical diagnoses in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  20. Right upper quadrant, right iliac fossa and generalised abdominal pain: distribution of surgical diagnoses in a cross-sectional study.
  21. Clinical diagnosis and operative diagnosis in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for acute abdomen: a cross-sectional concordance study.
  22. Ultrasonography and computed tomography in undifferentiated acute abdomen: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  23. Guarding and rigidity as indicators of gastrointestinal perforation in acute abdomen: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  24. Absent bowel sounds and operative diagnosis in acute abdomen: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  25. Abdominal distension at presentation and underlying surgical diagnosis: a cross-sectional study.
  26. Vomiting pattern in acute abdomen and its relationship with obstruction, perforation and inflammatory causes: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  27. Pneumoperitoneum without gastrointestinal perforation: clinical and imaging profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  28. Perforated peptic ulcer in adults: clinical, radiological and operative characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  29. Gastric and duodenal perforations associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use: a cross-sectional study.
  30. Tobacco exposure and perforated peptic ulcer among surgical patients: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  31. Size of peptic perforation and degree of peritoneal contamination at surgery: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  32. Anterior and posterior gastroduodenal perforations: differences in clinical and operative presentation in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  33. Ileal perforation in adults: clinical, aetiological and operative profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  34. Typhoid and tubercular ileal perforation: differences in clinical and operative characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  35. Solitary and multiple ileal perforations: differences in abdominal contamination and bowel condition in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  36. Appendicular perforation and other causes of right lower quadrant peritonitis: comparative clinical features in a cross-sectional study.
  37. Colonic perforation at presentation: clinical, radiological and operative profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  38. Malignant and benign causes of colonic perforation: differences in anatomical distribution in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  39. Stercoral, diverticular and malignant colonic perforations: comparative operative characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  40. Small bowel ischaemic perforation and inflammatory perforation: differences in computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  41. Faecal and purulent peritonitis: differences in clinical and laboratory characteristics at admission in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  42. Source of secondary peritonitis and degree of intraoperative contamination: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  43. Multiple-organ contamination in gastrointestinal perforation and associated anatomical site: a cross-sectional study.
  44. Preoperative computed tomography and operative findings in gastrointestinal perforation: a diagnostic concordance study.
  45. Free intraperitoneal fluid distribution and site of bowel perforation on computed tomography: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  46. Pneumoretroperitoneum in duodenal and colonic perforation: computed tomography characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  47. Elderly patients with gastrointestinal perforation: atypical presentation and operative findings in a cross-sectional study.
  48. Diabetes mellitus and severity of peritonitis in gastrointestinal perforation: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  49. Clinical, biochemical and radiological predictors of faecal peritonitis in hollow viscus perforation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  50. Spectrum of emergency gastrointestinal perforations requiring laparotomy in a tertiary care surgical unit: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Intestinal Obstruction and Emergency Gastrointestinal Surgery

  1. Intestinal obstruction in adults: causes, anatomical levels and operative findings in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Small and large bowel obstruction: differences in clinical and radiological presentation in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  3. Mechanical and paralytic intestinal obstruction: differences in clinical and imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  4. Adhesions, hernias and malignancy as causes of intestinal obstruction: comparative clinical and operative characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  5. Previous abdominal surgery and adhesive intestinal obstruction: patterns of adhesions in a cross-sectional study.
  6. Complete and partial intestinal obstruction: differences in symptoms and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  7. Transition point on computed tomography and operative level of obstruction: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  8. Multiple transition points and closed-loop obstruction on computed tomography: operative correlation in a cross-sectional study.
  9. Bowel dilatation on imaging and intraoperative severity of obstruction: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  10. Mesenteric congestion on computed tomography and bowel viability during emergency surgery: a cross-sectional study.
  11. Reduced bowel wall enhancement and intraoperative ischaemia in intestinal obstruction: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  12. Pneumatosis intestinalis and bowel gangrene at surgery: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  13. Portal venous gas and bowel ischaemia in acute intestinal obstruction: a cross-sectional study.
  14. Serum lactate and gangrenous bowel in acute intestinal obstruction: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  15. Leucocytosis and strangulation in intestinal obstruction: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  16. Tachycardia and peritoneal signs as predictors of bowel ischaemia in intestinal obstruction: a cross-sectional study.
  17. Hernia-related and adhesion-related small bowel obstruction: differences in presentation and bowel viability in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  18. Malignant and benign large bowel obstruction: differences in computed tomography morphology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  19. Colorectal carcinoma causing acute obstruction: clinical and radiological profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  20. Sigmoid volvulus and obstructing colorectal carcinoma: differences in abdominal radiography and computed tomography findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  21. Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction and mechanical large bowel obstruction: differences in imaging findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  22. Faecal loading and true mechanical obstruction in elderly patients: comparative computed tomography characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  23. Intussusception as a cause of adult intestinal obstruction: clinical and computed tomography profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  24. Small bowel and ileocolic intussusception in adults: comparative imaging and operative findings in a cross-sectional study.
  25. Internal hernia as a cause of small bowel obstruction: computed tomography and operative characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  26. Congenital bands causing adult intestinal obstruction: operative anatomy in a cross-sectional study.
  27. Gallstone ileus at presentation: clinical and computed tomography characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  28. Bezoar-induced intestinal obstruction: clinical and imaging profile in a cross-sectional study.
  29. Foreign body-induced intestinal obstruction in adults: anatomical location and operative findings in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  30. Worm bolus obstruction in adult and adolescent surgical patients: clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  31. Abdominal tuberculosis presenting with intestinal obstruction: clinical and computed tomography profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  32. Tubercular and malignant intestinal obstruction: differences in imaging and operative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  33. Single and multiple intestinal strictures in obstruction: differences in aetiology and operative morphology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  34. Elderly and younger adults with intestinal obstruction: differences in causes and anatomical levels in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  35. Intestinal obstruction in patients with and without prior laparotomy: comparative causes and operative findings in a cross-sectional study.
  36. Strangulated obstruction and simple obstruction: differences in serum inflammatory markers in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  37. Free peritoneal fluid in intestinal obstruction and intraoperative bowel compromise: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  38. Bowel wall thickness in obstructed segments and operative viability: a cross-sectional imaging study.
  39. Clinical diagnosis and computed tomography diagnosis in acute intestinal obstruction: a concordance cross-sectional study.
  40. Plain abdominal radiography and computed tomography in intestinal obstruction: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  41. Multiple air-fluid levels on radiography and computed tomography-defined obstruction severity: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  42. Abdominal circumference and radiological bowel dilatation in intestinal obstruction: a cross-sectional study.
  43. Vomiting characteristics and anatomical level of intestinal obstruction: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  44. Obstipation duration and completeness of intestinal obstruction on imaging: a cross-sectional study.
  45. Abdominal tenderness pattern and site of obstruction at surgery: an observational cross-sectional study.
  46. Bowel gangrene in intestinal obstruction and its preoperative clinical and computed tomography predictors: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  47. Resection-requiring and non-resection intestinal obstruction: differences in preoperative clinical and imaging variables in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  48. Emergency laparotomy for intestinal obstruction: spectrum of causes and intraoperative findings in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  49. Computed tomography predictors of bowel resection requirement in acute intestinal obstruction: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  50. Spectrum of intestinal obstruction encountered in a tertiary care general surgery emergency unit: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Gastrointestinal Malignancies and Diagnostic Evaluation

  1. Gastrointestinal malignancies presenting to a general surgery department: anatomical distribution and clinical profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Upper and lower gastrointestinal malignancies: differences in age, symptoms and nutritional status in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  3. Gastrointestinal cancers in adults younger than fifty years: anatomical distribution and presenting characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  4. Gastrointestinal malignancies in younger and older adults: differences in presentation and tumour location in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  5. Anaemia across oesophageal, gastric and colorectal malignancies: comparative prevalence and severity in a cross-sectional study.
  6. Weight loss among patients with gastrointestinal malignancy and its relationship with anatomical tumour site: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  7. Serum albumin in upper and lower gastrointestinal cancers: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  8. Body mass index at presentation across major gastrointestinal malignancies: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  9. Obstruction as the first presentation of gastrointestinal malignancy: anatomical distribution and imaging characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  10. Gastrointestinal bleeding as the first presentation of gastrointestinal malignancy: endoscopic spectrum in a cross-sectional study.
  11. Perforation as the first presentation of gastrointestinal cancer: anatomical distribution and operative characteristics in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  12. Emergency and non-emergency presentations of gastrointestinal malignancy: differences in clinical and imaging characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  13. Tobacco exposure among patients with upper gastrointestinal and colorectal cancers: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  14. Alcohol exposure among patients with oesophageal, gastric and colorectal malignancies: a cross-sectional study.
  15. Family history of gastrointestinal malignancy among patients with newly diagnosed gastrointestinal cancer: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  16. Clinical symptoms and anatomical level of gastrointestinal malignancy: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  17. Endoscopic morphology of gastrointestinal cancers and corresponding computed tomography findings: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  18. Ulcerative and proliferative gastrointestinal malignancies: differences in clinical presentation in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  19. Gastrointestinal wall thickening on computed tomography and endoscopic malignancy: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  20. Focal and diffuse gastrointestinal wall thickening: differences in endoscopic diagnoses in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  21. Endoscopy and computed tomography in localisation of gastrointestinal tumours: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  22. Endoscopic biopsy-proven malignancy and radiological extent of disease at initial evaluation: a cross-sectional study.
  23. Lymphadenopathy patterns in upper and lower gastrointestinal malignancies: a comparative computed tomography study.
  24. Liver metastases at initial diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy: prevalence and primary tumour distribution in a cross-sectional study.
  25. Peritoneal deposits in gastrointestinal malignancy and associated primary tumour locations: a cross-sectional study.
  26. Ascites in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy and its relationship with peritoneal disease on computed tomography: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  27. Bowel obstruction in metastatic versus localised gastrointestinal malignancy: comparative imaging characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  28. Synchronous lesions in gastrointestinal malignancy detected by endoscopy or colonoscopy: prevalence and anatomical distribution in a cross-sectional study.
  29. Multiple primary gastrointestinal lesions detected during diagnostic endoscopy: clinical and endoscopic profile in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  30. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy findings in patients with unexplained weight loss and anaemia: a cross-sectional diagnostic study.
  31. Colonoscopic findings in adults with unexplained iron deficiency anaemia: a cross-sectional diagnostic study.
  32. Alarm symptoms in dyspepsia and significant upper gastrointestinal endoscopic pathology: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  33. Alarm symptoms in altered bowel habits and significant colonoscopic pathology: a diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  34. Palpable abdominal mass and underlying gastrointestinal malignancy on imaging: a cross-sectional study.
  35. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels and computed tomography tumour burden in colorectal carcinoma: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  36. Serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels in upper gastrointestinal malignancies and their relationship with imaging findings: a cross-sectional study.
  37. Thrombocytosis in gastrointestinal malignancy and its relationship with tumour location and metastatic disease: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  38. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in gastrointestinal cancers and its relationship with radiological tumour burden: a cross-sectional study.
  39. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio across oesophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers: a comparative cross-sectional study.
  40. Hypoalbuminaemia and metastatic disease in gastrointestinal malignancies at first presentation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  41. Computed tomography evidence of adjacent organ invasion in gastrointestinal malignancy and corresponding endoscopic tumour location: a cross-sectional study.
  42. Peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric and colorectal primaries: differences in computed tomography distribution in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  43. Gastrointestinal malignancy with and without liver metastases: differences in clinical and biochemical presentation in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  44. Gastrointestinal malignancy with and without ascites: comparative clinical and radiological characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  45. Diagnostic yield of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients with persistent upper abdominal symptoms and alarm features: a cross-sectional study.
  46. Diagnostic yield of colonoscopy in patients with persistent lower gastrointestinal symptoms and alarm features: a cross-sectional study.
  47. Clinical diagnosis and endoscopic diagnosis in patients evaluated for suspected gastrointestinal malignancy: a cross-sectional concordance study.
  48. Endoscopic and computed tomography features distinguishing benign from malignant gastrointestinal strictures: a comparative diagnostic cross-sectional study.
  49. Spectrum of gastrointestinal malignancies requiring surgical evaluation at a tertiary care hospital in India: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  50. Clinical, laboratory, endoscopic and imaging variables associated with advanced gastrointestinal malignancy at initial presentation: an analytical cross-sectional study.

Gastrointestinal Stomas, Anastomoses and Operative Gastrointestinal Findings

  1. Intestinal stomas created during emergency gastrointestinal surgery: indications, type and anatomical distribution in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  2. Ileostomy and colostomy patients at index hospitalisation: differences in indication and underlying disease in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  3. Temporary and permanent intestinal stomas: differences in primary diagnosis and operative indication in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  4. Loop and end ileostomies: differences in underlying pathology and intraoperative indication in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  5. Loop and end colostomies: differences in disease spectrum and operative indication in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  6. Emergency and elective stoma creation: differences in patient characteristics and primary gastrointestinal pathology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  7. Stoma site selection and abdominal wall characteristics in patients undergoing intestinal diversion: an observational cross-sectional study.
  8. Stoma oedema at initial postoperative examination and associated operative factors: a cross-sectional study.
  9. Stoma ischaemia detected during index hospitalisation and associated patient and operative characteristics: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  10. High-output ileostomy during index admission and associated bowel and patient characteristics: a cross-sectional study.
  11. Peristomal skin changes during index hospitalisation and their relationship with stoma type and appliance fit: a cross-sectional study.
  12. Stoma height and early peristomal leakage during index hospitalisation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  13. Ileostomy output and electrolyte abnormalities during the same hospitalisation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  14. Sodium and potassium abnormalities in patients with newly created ileostomies during index admission: a cross-sectional study.
  15. Stoma retraction identified during the initial hospital stay and associated technical factors: a cross-sectional study.
  16. Emergency ileostomy in intestinal perforation: primary disease and intraoperative indications in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  17. Ileostomy in ileal perforation and colorectal obstruction: differences in operative indications in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  18. Colostomy in obstructing and perforated colorectal malignancy: comparative operative characteristics in a cross-sectional study.
  19. Primary anastomosis and stoma formation in emergency bowel surgery: differences in intraoperative bowel and contamination characteristics in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  20. Bowel viability assessment during emergency laparotomy and decision for resection: an observational cross-sectional study.
  21. Small bowel resection in emergency surgery: indications, anatomical length and operative pathology in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  22. Resection and non-resection procedures in intestinal obstruction: differences in preoperative and intraoperative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  23. Primary intestinal anastomosis in emergency surgery: patient, bowel and contamination characteristics at the time of operation in a cross-sectional study.
  24. Hand-sewn and stapled gastrointestinal anastomoses: differences in operative indications and anatomical sites in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  25. End-to-end and side-to-side intestinal anastomoses: differences in indication and bowel segment in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  26. Anastomotic technique selection in small and large bowel surgery: operative factors in a cross-sectional observational study.
  27. Bowel wall oedema and choice of anastomosis during emergency intestinal surgery: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  28. Degree of peritoneal contamination and decision for primary anastomosis versus stoma: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  29. Intestinal diameter disparity and anastomotic configuration chosen during surgery: a cross-sectional study.
  30. Mesenteric perfusion and intraoperative bowel viability assessment in resection cases: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  31. Gross bowel viability assessment and histopathological ischaemic changes in resected intestinal segments: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  32. Gangrenous and viable bowel in strangulated intestinal obstruction: differences in preoperative clinical and imaging parameters in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  33. Length of gangrenous bowel and anatomical cause of strangulated obstruction: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  34. Small bowel and colonic resections performed during emergency laparotomy: indications and operative spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  35. Adhesiolysis alone and bowel resection in adhesive intestinal obstruction: differences in computed tomography and operative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  36. Enterotomy during difficult adhesiolysis and associated intraoperative anatomical factors: a cross-sectional study.
  37. Serosal injury during adhesiolysis and extent of intra-abdominal adhesions: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  38. Intraoperative bowel decompression in acute intestinal obstruction: indications and associated radiological findings in a cross-sectional study.
  39. Incidental gastrointestinal lesions encountered during emergency laparotomy: prevalence and anatomical spectrum in a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  40. Intraoperative Meckel diverticulum detected during surgery for unrelated acute abdomen: prevalence and anatomical features in a cross-sectional study.
  41. Intestinal adhesions encountered during repeat abdominal surgery: distribution and severity in an observational cross-sectional study.
  42. Previous laparotomy incision and pattern of intra-abdominal adhesions at reoperation: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  43. Omental adhesions to bowel and abdominal wall after previous surgery: anatomical distribution in a cross-sectional study.
  44. Gross pathological appearance of resected bowel and corresponding histopathological diagnosis: a cross-sectional correlation study.
  45. Benign and malignant intestinal strictures at surgery: differences in gross morphology in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  46. Emergency and elective bowel resections: differences in underlying pathology and operative findings in a comparative cross-sectional study.
  47. Clinical and imaging predictors of bowel resection requirement in acute gastrointestinal surgical emergencies: an analytical cross-sectional study.
  48. Operative findings influencing choice between primary anastomosis and intestinal stoma in emergency bowel surgery: a cross-sectional analytical study.
  49. Spectrum of bowel resection and diversion procedures performed in a tertiary care general surgery unit: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
  50. Clinical, radiological and intraoperative characteristics of major gastrointestinal surgical disorders managed during a single hospital admission: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Not the general surgery subspeciality you need? Git related surgery is one section of our full general surgery collection — the hub page lists every subspeciality, each with its own free topic list. Updated October 2026.

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📌 Updated for 2026–2027 MS/DNB General Surgery gastrointestinal surgery admissions

Topic feasibility was reviewed against the investigations and clinical documentation commonly available in general surgery departments, with particular attention to emergency abdominal presentations and diagnostic verification.

  • Many studies need only admission records, routine blood investigations, ultrasonography, computed tomography reports, endoscopy, operation notes or available histopathology; no specialised research equipment is assumed.
  • Where operative findings are the reference standard, include only surgically verified patients for an operative correlation question, or plan a separate reference pathway for patients treated without surgery.
  • Publication potential lies in well-defined diagnostic cohorts, locally relevant causes of obstruction or perforation, and transparent reporting of negative findings and selection limitations.
Generate a protocol from any topic above

Select Generate Protocol → beside any title in the list above and receive a submission-ready document built around that topic, containing all eighteen components:

  • Introduction / Synopsis
  • Research Question
  • Aim of the Study
  • Primary Objective
  • Secondary Objectives
  • Materials and Methods
  • Inclusion Criteria
  • Exclusion Criteria
  • Sample Size Calculation
  • Methodology
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Ethical Considerations
  • Review of Literature
  • References
  • Gantt Chart / Study Timeline
  • Patient Information Sheet
  • Consent Form
  • Data Collection Form

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Alongside git related surgery protocols and synopses, support is also available for departmental presentations, journal club presentations, ethics committee presentations, and posters and oral presentations for medical conferences — for postgraduate residents, board trainees and research scholars across India and the GCC. Prepared by a practising doctor with long experience in medical publishing and thesis supervision.

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Git related surgery research outside India

The topics above work as research questions anywhere — what changes is the document the institution expects, and who approves it before data collection begins. The Gulf equivalent of an Indian synopsis is the git related surgery research proposal submitted to an institutional review board, and it ordinarily carries three sections an Indian synopsis does not: a Gantt chart, a budget and resources section, and a Declaration of Helsinki statement.

Board and residency programmes — country by country

Saudi Arabia — SCFHS and the Saudi Board. Residency and fellowship training under the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties includes a research project with a set timeline, and the git related surgery research proposal is the document prepared at the outset and cleared by the institutional review board before recruitment starts.

United Arab Emirates — DHA, DOH Abu Dhabi and MOHAP. Residents training in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and the northern emirates prepare a git related surgery research protocol for their programme and submit it for institutional review board approval before any data are collected.

Qatar — DHP (formerly QCHP) and Hamad Medical Corporation. A git related surgery IRB proposal is reviewed before recruitment, with the ethics section written to the institution's own template rather than a generic one.

Bahrain — NHRA. Trainees turning git related surgery research topics into a project need the proposal cleared by their institutional research and ethics committee before fieldwork begins.

Oman — OMSB. Residency programmes under the Oman Medical Specialty Board include a research component, and the git related surgery research proposal is the document assessed at the start of it.

Kuwait — KIMS. A git related surgery study protocol goes to the institutional committee for approval before the project begins.

Arab Board programmes across the region. The Arab Board carries its own research requirement irrespective of the host country, and the git related surgery proposal follows the same structure throughout.

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Postgraduate degrees — Malaysia, the Gulf and beyond

Malaysia — MMed, the National Medical Research Register and MREC. A git related surgery dissertation proposal for a Master of Medicine programme carried out in a Ministry of Health facility must be registered on the NMRR and approved by the Medical Research and Ethics Committee before the study begins, and the guidance asks for submission four to six months ahead of data collection. Every investigator on the study team registers on the NMRR as well, so the methodology, ethics and team sections are written in far more detail than an Indian synopsis requires.

PhD and Master's candidates elsewhere. University programmes generally require a full git related surgery research proposal of roughly 6,000 to 10,000 words, with an extended literature review, a theoretical framework and a detailed methodology chapter.

PhD and MMed proposals are written individually by a medical doctor and revised until the supervisor accepts them. They are not produced by the automated protocol generator.

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🔥 Trending research areas in gastrointestinal surgery for 2026–27

  • Early recognition of bowel ischaemia: correlate preoperative clinical findings, lactate and computed tomography signs with documented operative bowel viability, recognising that non-operated patients lack surgical verification.
  • Appendicitis diagnostic pathways: examine the incremental value of clinical scores, ultrasonography and selective computed tomography rather than assuming every patient receives the same tests.
  • Colorectal and upper gastrointestinal cancer presentation: investigate alarm symptoms, endoscopic biopsy confirmation and initial imaging stage while accounting for referral and endoscopy-selection bias.
  • Emergency stoma care: study early high-output ileostomy, electrolyte derangement and peristomal complications using consistent postoperative observation periods.

Protocol and synopsis guidance

What a gastrointestinal surgery protocol must contain

Define the anatomical disease group and recruitment setting first: an emergency laparotomy cohort, all consecutive patients with suspected obstruction, or an endoscopy referral cohort answers different questions. State inclusion and exclusion criteria, whether patients are counted once per admission, the index time for clinical observations, and the preoperative investigations routinely performed. Prespecify the primary endpoint and operational definitions, such as histopathology-confirmed appendicitis, operative bowel gangrene, imaging-defined transition point or endoscopic biopsy-confirmed malignancy.

For studies matching computed tomography or ultrasonography with surgery, document the interval between the scan and operation, whether the radiologist knew the operative findings, and how conservatively managed patients will be handled. Record emergency treatment and interventions occurring between measurements, because resuscitation, antibiotics or decompression may change the findings.

Gastrointestinal surgery synopsis versus gastrointestinal surgery protocol

The synopsis is the concise submission document stating the surgical question, rationale, objectives, proposed design, hospital setting, sample and broad analysis. The full protocol makes the same study reproducible: it specifies the sampling frame, timing of symptom and laboratory measurements, imaging and endoscopy criteria, operative or histopathological reference standards, data collection form, missing-data handling, consent process and statistical comparisons.

For example, a synopsis can propose an association between computed tomography findings and strangulated obstruction; the protocol must distinguish suspected strangulation from surgically confirmed ischaemia, state how bowel viability is assessed, and address why patients selected for surgery may be systematically more unwell than those managed conservatively.

Sample size and statistical analysis

Calculate sample size around one primary outcome: prevalence for a descriptive study, a clinically meaningful difference for two groups, a correlation for paired measurements, or sensitivity and specificity for a properly verified diagnostic cohort. Use expected event counts, not total admissions alone, when studying uncommon outcomes such as bowel gangrene or anastomotic complications. Make sure sufficient eligible cases and reference-standard results are actually available during the thesis period.

Report categorical data with proportions and confidence intervals, and continuous data with mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range according to their distribution. Use paired methods when comparing tests in the same patients, and adjusted regression only when the outcome count supports the selected covariates. Agreement between endoscopy, imaging and surgery is not diagnostic accuracy unless a defensible reference standard is defined; avoid reporting sensitivity or specificity from operated patients as if it applied to every suspected case.

Frequently Asked Questions – {{H1_SHORT}} (2026–2027)

1. How do I choose a feasible gastrointestinal surgery thesis topic?

Choose a disease pathway with enough consecutive patients and retrievable records. For 2026–2027 admissions, confirm the expected case numbers with the surgical unit, endoscopy service and radiology records before selecting a comparison. A modest, clearly defined appendicitis, obstruction or perforation cohort is preferable to an ambitious topic without reliable verification.

2. Which study designs are suitable for gastrointestinal surgery thesis research?

Descriptive cross-sectional studies suit presentation profiles; analytical or comparative cross-sectional studies suit prespecified groups; retrospective cohorts can examine postoperative outcomes when follow-up records exist; and prospective diagnostic accuracy studies require a suitable reference standard for positive and negative test results. Avoid labelling outcomes measured after an operation as purely cross-sectional without defining their time window.

3. What should I settle with my guide before writing the gastrointestinal surgery synopsis?

Agree on the exact anatomical condition, eligible patients, primary outcome, source of imaging or endoscopy reports, availability of operation and histopathology records, and the realistic recruitment period. Clarify whether the analysis concerns all suspected cases, only confirmed cases or only patients operated on; these are different source populations.

4. Can I study gastrointestinal surgical diagnoses using retrospective hospital records?

Yes, if the records reliably contain presenting symptoms, investigation dates, definitive diagnoses and the variables needed for the chosen outcome. Check a small consecutive sample for completeness first. Retrospective studies cannot assume that a test was negative merely because its result was not recorded, and a missing operative note is not evidence that no complication occurred.

5. What is the difference between a gastrointestinal surgery synopsis and protocol?

A synopsis briefly presents the question, objectives, design and feasibility for academic approval. A full protocol operationalises each variable and reference standard, explains patient selection and data extraction, details the sample size and analysis, and specifies ethics procedures. The two documents must use the same primary outcome and eligibility criteria.

6. What ethical approvals are needed for gastrointestinal surgery thesis studies?

Obtain institutional ethics committee approval before prospective recruitment or record extraction. For adult observational care, use informed consent as required by the approved design; for minors, obtain guardian permission and age-appropriate assent, commonly considered from about seven years where applicable. A retrospective records review may qualify for a formally approved consent waiver, not an automatic exemption. Do not add computed tomography radiation, contrast, endoscopy, research-only blood sampling or venepuncture beyond standard care without separate justification and consent; if any study-specific blood is proposed, state the maximum volume and safety limits. Obtain separate consent for identifiable operative photographs or video, remove identifiers from images and DICOM metadata, and set a named treating-team escalation pathway for unexpected malignancy, obstruction or other actionable findings.

7. Can operative findings be used to calculate CT or ultrasound accuracy in intestinal obstruction?

Only with a carefully defined target population and verification strategy. Patients taken to surgery are usually selected because their clinical or imaging findings suggest greater severity. Calculating sensitivity and specificity from these operated cases alone introduces partial verification and spectrum bias and cannot be generalised to all suspected obstruction patients. Prespecify an independent reference standard or structured follow-up for non-operated patients, record discordant results and report the limits of any surgery-only analysis.

8. Can gastrointestinal surgery research topics support PhD proposals or overseas board research?

Yes, but the project must be adapted to the relevant institution and credential pathway. An Indian MS or DNB synopsis is usually a bounded dissertation plan, whereas a PhD research proposal generally requires a broader original research programme and stronger theoretical and methodological justification. Candidates undertaking Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS) and Saudi Board, Arab Board of Health Specializations, or DHP, DHA, DOH and MOHAP-linked training should check their specific programme requirements for board research projects, supervision, ethics approval and acceptable submission formats; a thesis topic list alone does not establish eligibility.

9. When should I register my gastrointestinal surgery thesis topic?

Discuss and register the topic within the deadline set by the university or training body, after verifying expected case volume, investigation access, ethical feasibility and the guide's agreement. Ethics approval must precede recruitment or study-specific data collection wherever required.

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