Osteochondroma: Clinical Profile, Imaging, Complications and Management

1. A cross-sectional study of the demographic profile, anatomical distribution, clinical presentation and functional impairment among patients presenting with solitary osteochondroma to a tertiary-care orthopaedic centre.
2. A comparative cross-sectional study of clinical and radiological characteristics of solitary osteochondroma involving the upper limb versus lower limb in skeletally immature and mature patients.
3. A correlation study evaluating the relationship between osteochondroma size, anatomical location and severity of pain or functional limitation in affected patients.
4. A cross-sectional analytical study of mechanical symptoms, neurovascular complaints and range-of-motion restriction associated with osteochondromas located around major joints.
5. A diagnostic imaging study correlating plain radiographic morphology with MRI-determined cartilage-cap thickness in patients with symptomatic osteochondroma.
6. An observer-agreement study assessing interobserver and intraobserver reliability of cartilage-cap thickness measurement on MRI among orthopaedic surgeons and radiologists.
7. A retrospective observational study of indications for surgical excision, operative findings and short-term outcomes following excision of solitary osteochondroma.
8. A prospective observational study evaluating pain relief, improvement in joint range of motion and return to daily activities within six months following surgical excision of symptomatic osteochondroma.
9. A comparative study of short-term functional outcomes after excision of sessile versus pedunculated osteochondromas located around the knee.
10. A correlation study of preoperative tumour size and proximity to neurovascular structures with operative duration, blood loss and early postoperative complications following osteochondroma excision.
11. A retrospective study of neurological and vascular complications associated with osteochondroma and the clinical factors predicting such complications.
12. A cross-sectional study of cosmetic concerns, functional limitation and patient-reported quality of life in adolescents and young adults with visible osteochondromas.
13. A comparative study of clinical presentation and surgical indications in osteochondromas involving the distal femur, proximal tibia and proximal humerus.
14. A prospective observational study of functional recovery following excision of osteochondromas causing mechanical restriction around the knee, ankle or shoulder.
15. A retrospective radiographic study of growth-pattern characteristics of osteochondromas in skeletally immature patients presenting for serial orthopaedic evaluation.
16. A cross-sectional study evaluating clinical and imaging features suggestive of possible malignant transformation in patients presenting with previously diagnosed osteochondroma.
17. A diagnostic accuracy study of selected clinical and MRI features for identifying suspicious cartilage-cap thickening in symptomatic osteochondroma.
18. A comparative study of postoperative functional outcome and complication profile after marginal excision of osteochondroma in upper-limb versus lower-limb locations.
19. A study of factors associated with persistent postoperative pain after apparently complete excision of symptomatic solitary osteochondroma.
20. Development of a clinical and imaging-based decision aid for identifying patients with osteochondroma who are likely to benefit from surgical excision.

Multiple Hereditary Exostoses

21. A cross-sectional study of the demographic characteristics, family history, anatomical distribution and functional disability among patients with multiple hereditary exostoses presenting to a tertiary-care orthopaedic centre.
22. A comparative study of skeletal deformity burden in children and adults with multiple hereditary exostoses using standardized clinical and radiographic parameters.
23. A correlation study evaluating the relationship between number of exostoses and overall functional impairment in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses.
24. A cross-sectional analytical study of lower-limb deformities, limb-length discrepancy and gait abnormalities in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses.
25. A comparative study of upper-limb and lower-limb functional disability among patients with multiple hereditary exostoses.
26. A correlation study between forearm deformity severity and upper-limb functional scores in children and adolescents with multiple hereditary exostoses.
27. A radiographic study of ulnar shortening, radial bowing and carpal translocation in patients with forearm involvement due to multiple hereditary exostoses.
28. An observer-agreement study of commonly used radiographic measurements for forearm deformity assessment in multiple hereditary exostoses.
29. A cross-sectional study of valgus deformity around the knee and ankle in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses and its association with pain and gait disturbance.
30. A comparative study of functional status in patients with unilateral versus bilateral lower-limb deformity associated with multiple hereditary exostoses.
31. A retrospective observational study of surgical procedures performed for symptomatic exostoses and deformity correction in multiple hereditary exostoses.
32. A prospective observational study evaluating short-term pain relief and functional improvement after excision of symptomatic exostoses in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses.
33. A study of factors associated with repeat surgical procedures within the same anatomical region in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses.
34. A cross-sectional study of nerve compression symptoms associated with exostoses in multiple hereditary exostoses and their anatomical predictors.
35. A study of limb-length discrepancy and its association with compensatory pelvic tilt, gait disturbance and patient-reported disability in multiple hereditary exostoses.
36. A comparative study of quality of life and activity limitation in patients with mild versus extensive disease burden in multiple hereditary exostoses.
37. A cross-sectional study of family screening patterns and frequency of previously undiagnosed affected first-degree relatives in multiple hereditary exostoses.
38. A radiological study assessing cartilage-cap characteristics in multiple hereditary exostoses and identifying features that warrant advanced imaging.
39. A study of clinical and radiological factors associated with concern for malignant transformation among patients with multiple hereditary exostoses.
40. Development of a practical clinical severity score integrating deformity, pain, neurological symptoms and functional limitation in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses.

Enchondroma

41. A cross-sectional study of demographic profile, anatomical distribution, radiographic characteristics and clinical presentation of enchondromas diagnosed in a tertiary-care orthopaedic centre.
42. A comparative study of incidentally detected enchondromas and symptomatic enchondromas with respect to lesion size, anatomical site and imaging characteristics.
43. A correlation study evaluating the relationship between enchondroma size and risk of pathological fracture in lesions involving the small bones of the hand.
44. A retrospective study of pathological fractures through enchondromas of the hand and the clinical and radiological factors associated with fracture occurrence.
45. A comparative study of functional outcomes following curettage of enchondroma with and without bone grafting in the small bones of the hand.
46. A prospective observational study assessing pain, range of motion and hand function within six months after curettage of symptomatic enchondroma.
47. A comparative study of immediate versus delayed curettage after pathological fracture through an enchondroma of the hand.
48. A diagnostic imaging study comparing plain radiography and MRI in characterization of enchondromas involving long bones.
49. An observer-agreement study of radiographic features used to distinguish enchondroma from low-grade cartilaginous lesions.
50. A correlation study between endosteal scalloping on imaging and clinical symptom severity in patients with enchondroma.
51. A cross-sectional study of incidental enchondromas detected on MRI performed for unrelated musculoskeletal complaints.
52. A comparative study of enchondromas in the hand and long bones with respect to age, radiographic appearance, symptoms and treatment approach.
53. A retrospective observational study of surgical indications and short-term outcomes following curettage of enchondromas involving long bones.
54. A study of factors associated with postoperative stiffness after surgical treatment of enchondromas involving the phalanges and metacarpals.
55. A comparative study of autologous cancellous bone graft and synthetic bone substitute after curettage of enchondroma with respect to early radiographic incorporation and functional outcome.
56. A correlation study between residual cavity size after curettage and short-term radiographic healing in patients with enchondroma.
57. A study of the diagnostic utility of clinical pain characteristics in distinguishing incidental enchondroma from symptomatic cartilaginous lesions.
58. A retrospective study of recurrence after curettage of enchondroma with follow-up restricted to the available early postoperative period.
59. A cross-sectional study of hand function and grip strength in patients with treated and untreated enchondromas of the hand.
60. Development of a clinical-radiographic algorithm for selecting observation versus surgical treatment in patients with enchondroma.

Ollier Disease and Maffucci Syndrome

61. A cross-sectional study of the clinical profile, deformity pattern and functional limitation in patients with Ollier disease presenting to an orthopaedic tumour service.
62. A radiographic study of anatomical distribution and skeletal asymmetry in patients with multiple enchondromatosis due to Ollier disease.
63. A correlation study between enchondroma burden and limb-length discrepancy in patients with Ollier disease.
64. A comparative study of upper-limb and lower-limb deformity severity in patients with Ollier disease.
65. A cross-sectional study of angular deformities around the knee and ankle in Ollier disease and their association with gait disturbance.
66. A study of hand deformity, grip strength and dexterity impairment in patients with enchondromatosis involving the upper limb.
67. A retrospective observational study of orthopaedic procedures performed for deformity correction in Ollier disease.
68. A prospective observational study evaluating early functional improvement after corrective procedures for symptomatic deformities in Ollier disease.
69. A correlation study of limb-length discrepancy with patient-reported functional disability and quality of life in Ollier disease.
70. A study of radiographic progression patterns in children with Ollier disease using serial available imaging records.
71. A cross-sectional study of clinical features and skeletal manifestations in patients with Maffucci syndrome.
72. A comparative study of skeletal deformity patterns in Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome.
73. A study of soft-tissue hemangiomas and their anatomical relationship to enchondromatous lesions in Maffucci syndrome.
74. A retrospective study of pathological fractures in patients with enchondromatosis and associated lesion characteristics.
75. A correlation study between lesion distribution and functional impairment in multiple enchondromatosis.
76. An observer-agreement study of radiological assessment of deformity severity in Ollier disease.
77. A diagnostic imaging study evaluating MRI features associated with clinically suspicious lesions in patients with multiple enchondromatosis.
78. A cross-sectional study of symptoms and imaging findings raising concern for secondary malignant change in patients with Ollier disease.
79. A study of psychosocial and functional impact of visible limb deformity in adolescents with multiple enchondromatosis.
80. Development of a structured orthopaedic surveillance protocol based on deformity burden, symptoms and imaging characteristics in patients with Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome.

Chondroblastoma

81. A retrospective observational study of the demographic profile, anatomical distribution and clinical presentation of chondroblastoma in a tertiary-care orthopaedic oncology unit.
82. A cross-sectional imaging study of radiographic and MRI characteristics of chondroblastoma involving the epiphysis and apophysis of long bones.
83. A comparative study of chondroblastomas around the knee and proximal humerus with respect to symptoms, imaging findings and functional limitation.
84. A correlation study between lesion size and pain severity in patients with chondroblastoma.
85. A study of the relationship between physeal status and anatomical extent of chondroblastoma in adolescents and young adults.
86. A diagnostic imaging study evaluating the frequency and clinical relevance of perilesional oedema on MRI in chondroblastoma.
87. A correlation study between MRI-detected joint effusion and functional impairment in juxta-articular chondroblastoma.
88. An observer-agreement study of radiographic and MRI features used for diagnosis of chondroblastoma.
89. A retrospective study of surgical management and short-term functional outcome following extended curettage of chondroblastoma.
90. A prospective observational study of pain relief, range of motion and return to activities within six months after curettage of chondroblastoma.
91. A comparative study of curettage with bone grafting versus curettage with bone substitute filling in the management of chondroblastoma.
92. A study of early postoperative complications following surgical treatment of juxta-articular chondroblastoma.
93. A correlation study between subchondral bone involvement and postoperative joint stiffness after curettage of chondroblastoma.
94. A comparative study of functional outcomes in chondroblastomas involving weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing bones.
95. A retrospective study of early local recurrence detected within available follow-up after curettage of chondroblastoma and associated risk factors.
96. A study of factors associated with incomplete restoration of joint range of motion following treatment of chondroblastoma.
97. A comparative radiological study of chondroblastoma and giant cell tumour in skeletally mature patients with epiphyseal lesions.
98. A diagnostic accuracy study of selected clinical and MRI features for differentiating chondroblastoma from other epiphyseal benign bone lesions.
99. A study of postoperative radiographic cavity healing following curettage of chondroblastoma and its association with graft material used.
100. Development of a clinicoradiological scoring approach for preoperative assessment of juxta-articular chondroblastoma severity and likely functional impairment.

Chondromyxoid Fibroma

101. A retrospective observational study of the demographic profile, anatomical distribution and radiological characteristics of chondromyxoid fibroma presenting to a tertiary-care orthopaedic centre.
102. A cross-sectional study of clinical symptoms and functional impairment among patients with chondromyxoid fibroma of long bones.
103. A comparative study of chondromyxoid fibroma involving metaphyseal long-bone sites versus flat bones with respect to imaging characteristics and presentation.
104. A radiological study of cortical expansion, lobulation and sclerotic margins in chondromyxoid fibroma and their relationship with lesion size.
105. An observer-agreement study of plain radiographic features used to identify chondromyxoid fibroma.
106. A diagnostic imaging study comparing radiographic and MRI features of chondromyxoid fibroma with other benign lytic bone lesions.
107. A correlation study between lesion dimensions and pain duration in patients with chondromyxoid fibroma.
108. A retrospective study of surgical indications and short-term outcomes following curettage of chondromyxoid fibroma.
109. A prospective observational study of postoperative pain relief and functional recovery after extended curettage of chondromyxoid fibroma.
110. A comparative study of curettage alone versus curettage with bone grafting for chondromyxoid fibroma with respect to early cavity healing.
111. A study of functional outcomes after treatment of chondromyxoid fibroma adjacent to major joints.
112. A retrospective study of early recurrence after curettage of chondromyxoid fibroma and associated lesion characteristics.
113. A correlation study between cortical breach and operative complexity in chondromyxoid fibroma.
114. A comparative study of chondromyxoid fibroma and chondroblastoma with respect to age, anatomical location and radiological characteristics.
115. A diagnostic accuracy study of MRI features for differentiating chondromyxoid fibroma from other cartilaginous benign bone lesions.
116. A study of postoperative radiographic incorporation of autologous cancellous graft in cavities created after curettage of chondromyxoid fibroma.
117. A cross-sectional study of health-related quality of life in patients undergoing treatment for symptomatic chondromyxoid fibroma.
118. A study of factors associated with delayed return to activity after surgical treatment of chondromyxoid fibroma.
119. A clinicopathological correlation study of radiological morphology and histological pattern in chondromyxoid fibroma.
120. Development of a practical diagnostic algorithm for distinguishing chondromyxoid fibroma from common benign metaphyseal lytic lesions.

Giant Cell Tumour of Bone: Clinical and Radiological Evaluation

121. A cross-sectional study of demographic profile, anatomical distribution, clinical presentation and functional impairment among patients with giant cell tumour of bone.
122. A comparative study of giant cell tumours around the knee, distal radius and proximal humerus with respect to clinical severity and radiological characteristics.
123. A correlation study between tumour volume and pain severity in patients with giant cell tumour of bone.
124. A cross-sectional analytical study of factors associated with pathological fracture at presentation in giant cell tumour of bone.
125. A comparative study of giant cell tumour with and without pathological fracture in relation to lesion size, cortical breach and soft-tissue extension.
126. A correlation study between Campanacci grade and functional disability at initial presentation in giant cell tumour of bone.
127. An observer-agreement study of Campanacci grading among orthopaedic surgeons and musculoskeletal radiologists.
128. A correlation study between MRI-derived tumour dimensions and plain radiographic Campanacci grade in giant cell tumour of bone.
129. A diagnostic imaging study evaluating the relationship between cortical breach on CT and soft-tissue extension on MRI in giant cell tumour.
130. A study of MRI features associated with clinically aggressive behaviour in giant cell tumour of bone.
131. A comparative study of giant cell tumour in skeletally mature young adults and older patients with respect to presentation and radiological aggressiveness.
132. A cross-sectional study of subchondral bone involvement and its association with joint symptoms in periarticular giant cell tumour.
133. A correlation study of distance from the articular surface with pain, range of motion and functional scores in giant cell tumour around the knee.
134. A comparative study of functional impairment in weight-bearing versus non-weight-bearing sites affected by giant cell tumour.
135. A diagnostic accuracy study of radiographic and MRI features for differentiating giant cell tumour from aneurysmal bone cyst in expansile lytic lesions.
136. A clinicopathological correlation study of radiographic aggressiveness and histological features in giant cell tumour of bone.
137. A retrospective study of delays in diagnosis and referral among patients presenting with giant cell tumour of bone.
138. A study of the association between symptom duration and extraosseous extension at presentation in giant cell tumour.
139. A cross-sectional assessment of quality of life, pain burden and activity limitation in patients newly diagnosed with giant cell tumour of bone.
140. Development of a clinicoradiological severity score for preoperative stratification of giant cell tumour of bone.

Giant Cell Tumour of Bone: Curettage, Reconstruction and Short-Term Outcomes

141. A prospective observational study of pain relief, range of motion and functional recovery within six months after extended curettage of giant cell tumour around the knee.
142. A comparative observational study of cavity reconstruction using bone graft versus polymethylmethacrylate cement following curettage of giant cell tumour.
143. A comparative study of early functional outcomes after curettage and cementation versus curettage and bone grafting for giant cell tumour of long bones.
144. A correlation study between residual subchondral bone thickness and postoperative joint function after curettage of giant cell tumour.
145. A study of early postoperative complications following extended curettage and cavity reconstruction for giant cell tumour.
146. A comparative study of short-term functional outcomes following curettage of giant cell tumour with and without prophylactic internal fixation.
147. A study of clinical and radiological factors influencing the decision to use prophylactic fixation after curettage of giant cell tumour.
148. A correlation study between tumour cavity volume and early postoperative weight-bearing ability after curettage and reconstruction.
149. A prospective observational study evaluating return to independent ambulation after surgery for giant cell tumour around the knee.
150. A comparative study of postoperative functional recovery in patients with giant cell tumour presenting with versus without pathological fracture.
151. A retrospective observational study of early local recurrence after curettage of giant cell tumour and associated clinicoradiological factors.
152. A study of the role of cortical breach and soft-tissue extension as predictors of early local recurrence after curettage of giant cell tumour.
153. A comparative study of outcomes after curettage of Campanacci grade II versus grade III giant cell tumours.
154. A study of short-term complications and functional recovery after en bloc resection for giant cell tumour in expendable bone locations.
155. A comparative study of curettage and resection for selected giant cell tumours of the distal radius with emphasis on early function and complications.
156. A correlation study of postoperative radiographic cavity appearance with pain and functional outcome after cementation for giant cell tumour.
157. A study of subchondral bone grafting beneath cement and its relationship with early joint symptoms after curettage of periarticular giant cell tumour.
158. A prospective observational study of rehabilitation milestones after surgery for giant cell tumour around the knee.
159. A comparative study of patient-reported outcome measures before and six months after surgery for giant cell tumour of bone.
160. Development of a short-term functional outcome prediction model after surgery for giant cell tumour using tumour site, Campanacci grade, pathological fracture and reconstruction method.

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst

161. A retrospective study of the demographic profile, anatomical distribution and clinical presentation of aneurysmal bone cyst in children and young adults.
162. A comparative study of primary aneurysmal bone cyst and secondary aneurysmal bone cyst with respect to imaging characteristics and clinical presentation.
163. A cross-sectional radiological study of expansile remodeling, cortical thinning and fluid-fluid levels in aneurysmal bone cyst.
164. A diagnostic accuracy study of MRI fluid-fluid levels for identification of aneurysmal bone cyst among expansile benign bone lesions.
165. An observer-agreement study of MRI features used in the diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst.
166. A correlation study between lesion volume and pain, swelling and functional impairment in patients with aneurysmal bone cyst.
167. A cross-sectional analytical study of factors associated with pathological fracture at presentation in aneurysmal bone cyst.
168. A comparative study of aneurysmal bone cysts involving long bones and spinal or pelvic locations with respect to symptoms and imaging features.
169. A retrospective observational study of curettage and bone grafting for aneurysmal bone cyst with assessment of early functional and radiological outcome.
170. A prospective observational study of pain relief, radiographic healing and return to activities within six months after treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst.
171. A comparative study of curettage alone versus curettage with adjuvant therapy in aneurysmal bone cyst.
172. A study of short-term radiological response after percutaneous sclerotherapy for accessible aneurysmal bone cysts.
173. A comparative observational study of percutaneous sclerotherapy and surgical curettage for aneurysmal bone cyst with respect to pain, healing and complications.
174. A study of early complications associated with sclerotherapy of aneurysmal bone cyst.
175. A correlation study between baseline lesion volume and short-term radiological response following sclerotherapy.
176. A retrospective study of early recurrence after treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst and associated clinical and imaging factors.
177. A comparative study of recurrence risk in skeletally immature versus skeletally mature patients treated for aneurysmal bone cyst.
178. A clinicopathological correlation study of imaging characteristics and histological findings in aneurysmal bone cyst.
179. A diagnostic study differentiating aneurysmal bone cyst from telangiectatic malignant lesions using clinical and MRI characteristics.
180. Development of a clinicoradiological treatment-selection algorithm for curettage, sclerotherapy and observation in aneurysmal bone cyst.

Simple Bone Cyst

181. A cross-sectional study of demographic profile, anatomical distribution and clinical presentation of simple bone cysts in children and adolescents.
182. A comparative study of simple bone cysts involving the proximal humerus and proximal femur with respect to fracture risk and treatment requirements.
183. A correlation study between cyst index, cortical thickness and pathological fracture risk in simple bone cyst.
184. A diagnostic radiographic study evaluating the utility of cyst index for identifying simple bone cysts at high risk of fracture.
185. A cross-sectional study of active versus latent simple bone cysts and their association with age, physeal proximity and lesion size.
186. A retrospective observational study of pathological fractures through simple bone cyst and their healing pattern following conservative treatment.
187. A comparative study of simple bone cysts presenting with and without pathological fracture in relation to radiographic characteristics.
188. A prospective observational study of short-term radiological healing following intralesional steroid injection for simple bone cyst.
189. A comparative study of steroid injection and autologous bone marrow injection for treatment of simple bone cyst.
190. A prospective study of pain, activity level and radiographic improvement after percutaneous treatment of simple bone cyst.
191. A retrospective study of curettage and bone grafting for simple bone cyst with assessment of early healing and complications.
192. A comparative observational study of percutaneous injection and surgical curettage in simple bone cyst.
193. A study of factors associated with incomplete radiographic healing within six months after treatment of simple bone cyst.
194. An observer-agreement study of Neer classification for radiographic assessment of healing in simple bone cyst.
195. A correlation study between radiographic healing grade and return to unrestricted activity following treatment of simple bone cyst.
196. A study of proximal femoral simple bone cysts requiring prophylactic fixation and the radiographic factors influencing this decision.
197. A comparative study of early functional outcomes in simple bone cyst with and without internal fixation.
198. A retrospective study of repeat intervention requirements following initial percutaneous treatment of simple bone cyst.
199. A study of patient and parent-reported functional limitation associated with simple bone cyst before and after treatment.
200. Development of a fracture-risk assessment model for simple bone cyst using anatomical location, cyst size, cortical thickness and activity status.

Osteoid Osteoma

201. A cross-sectional study of demographic profile, anatomical distribution, symptom characteristics and diagnostic delay among patients with osteoid osteoma.
202. A correlation study between lesion location and pattern of pain in patients with osteoid osteoma.
203. A retrospective study of causes of delayed diagnosis in patients with osteoid osteoma presenting with chronic regional musculoskeletal pain.
204. A comparative study of intra-articular and extra-articular osteoid osteoma with respect to symptoms, clinical findings and diagnostic delay.
205. A diagnostic accuracy study of CT and MRI for localisation of nidus in suspected osteoid osteoma.
206. A comparative imaging study of cortical, medullary and subperiosteal osteoid osteoma.
207. An observer-agreement study of nidus detection and measurement on CT in osteoid osteoma.
208. A correlation study between nidus size and pain severity in patients with osteoid osteoma.
209. A study of synovitis, joint effusion and stiffness associated with juxta-articular osteoid osteoma.
210. A diagnostic study of clinical response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as a predictor of osteoid osteoma in patients with characteristic imaging findings.
211. A prospective observational study of pain relief and functional recovery following radiofrequency ablation of osteoid osteoma.
212. A comparative study of CT-guided radiofrequency ablation and surgical excision for osteoid osteoma with respect to pain relief and early recovery.
213. A study of time to complete pain relief after radiofrequency ablation and factors associated with persistent symptoms.
214. A prospective study of return to sports and routine activity within six months after radiofrequency ablation of osteoid osteoma.
215. A retrospective study of early treatment failure after radiofrequency ablation and associated technical or lesion-related factors.
216. A comparative study of outcomes after treatment of osteoid osteoma in weight-bearing versus non-weight-bearing bones.
217. A study of functional recovery after treatment of osteoid osteoma around the hip and knee.
218. A correlation study between diagnostic delay and pre-treatment joint stiffness in intra-articular osteoid osteoma.
219. A cross-sectional assessment of sleep disturbance and quality-of-life impairment in untreated osteoid osteoma.
220. Development of a clinical-imaging pathway for early diagnosis of osteoid osteoma in patients with unexplained chronic focal bone pain.

Osteoblastoma

221. A retrospective observational study of the demographic profile, anatomical distribution and clinical characteristics of osteoblastoma presenting to an orthopaedic oncology service.
222. A comparative study of spinal and appendicular osteoblastoma with respect to symptoms, imaging appearance and neurological involvement.
223. A correlation study between lesion size and pain severity in patients with osteoblastoma.
224. A diagnostic imaging study of CT and MRI characteristics of osteoblastoma in the spine and long bones.
225. A comparative study of osteoblastoma and osteoid osteoma with respect to clinical presentation, lesion size and imaging morphology.
226. An observer-agreement study of imaging features used to distinguish osteoblastoma from osteoid osteoma.
227. A cross-sectional study of neurological deficits and spinal deformity in patients with vertebral osteoblastoma.
228. A correlation study between spinal lesion location and neurological symptom severity in osteoblastoma.
229. A retrospective study of surgical excision and curettage of osteoblastoma with assessment of short-term pain and functional outcomes.
230. A prospective observational study of functional recovery within six months following surgical treatment of appendicular osteoblastoma.
231. A study of early postoperative neurological recovery after decompression and excision of spinal osteoblastoma.
232. A comparative study of intralesional curettage and marginal excision for accessible osteoblastoma with respect to short-term complications and function.
233. A retrospective study of early recurrence following treatment of osteoblastoma and associated lesion characteristics.
234. A correlation study between cortical destruction on imaging and operative complexity in osteoblastoma.
235. A clinicopathological correlation study of aggressive imaging features and histological characteristics in osteoblastoma.
236. A study of secondary scoliosis associated with spinal osteoblastoma and its early change after tumour treatment.
237. A comparative study of pain and functional limitation in axial versus appendicular osteoblastoma.
238. A diagnostic study of inflammatory changes surrounding osteoblastoma on MRI and their potential for mimicking malignant bone lesions.
239. A retrospective analysis of diagnostic errors in osteoblastoma and the lesions most commonly considered in the initial differential diagnosis.
240. Development of a clinicoradiological algorithm for distinguishing osteoblastoma from osteoid osteoma and other benign osteogenic lesions.

Fibrous Dysplasia

241. A cross-sectional study of demographic profile, anatomical distribution and functional impairment in patients with monostotic and polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.
242. A comparative study of monostotic and polyostotic fibrous dysplasia with respect to pain, deformity, fracture history and radiological characteristics.
243. A correlation study between lesion burden and functional disability in patients with fibrous dysplasia.
244. A cross-sectional study of lower-limb deformities and gait abnormalities associated with fibrous dysplasia.
245. A radiographic study of proximal femoral deformity patterns in fibrous dysplasia and their association with functional limitation.
246. An observer-agreement study of radiographic measurements used to quantify proximal femoral deformity in fibrous dysplasia.
247. A cross-sectional analytical study of factors associated with pathological fracture in fibrous dysplasia.
248. A comparative study of patients with fibrous dysplasia presenting with and without pathological fracture.
249. A correlation study between cortical thinning, lesion length and fracture risk in fibrous dysplasia.
250. A diagnostic imaging study comparing radiographic and CT features of fibrous dysplasia in long bones and craniofacial sites.
251. A retrospective observational study of surgical management for deformity or fracture in fibrous dysplasia and short-term functional outcome.
252. A prospective study of pain, mobility and functional recovery after fixation of pathological fractures associated with fibrous dysplasia.
253. A comparative study of intramedullary and extramedullary fixation strategies for selected lower-limb fractures in fibrous dysplasia.
254. A study of short-term complications following corrective osteotomy for fibrous dysplasia-related deformity.
255. A correlation study of proximal femoral deformity severity with hip abductor function and gait disturbance.
256. A cross-sectional study of serum alkaline phosphatase and other biochemical markers in patients with fibrous dysplasia and their relationship with lesion burden.
257. A comparative study of skeletal manifestations in isolated fibrous dysplasia and McCune-Albright syndrome.
258. A study of pain characteristics and quality-of-life impairment in adults with fibrous dysplasia.
259. A retrospective study of early postoperative progression of deformity following corrective procedures in skeletally immature patients with fibrous dysplasia.
260. Development of a clinicoradiological severity classification for lower-limb fibrous dysplasia based on deformity, fracture risk and functional impairment.

Non-Ossifying Fibroma and Fibrous Cortical Defect

261. A cross-sectional study of incidental non-ossifying fibromas detected on radiographs obtained for unrelated orthopaedic complaints in children and adolescents.
262. A radiographic study of anatomical distribution, lesion size and cortical involvement in non-ossifying fibroma.
263. A correlation study between lesion size relative to bone diameter and risk of pathological fracture in non-ossifying fibroma.
264. A comparative study of non-ossifying fibromas presenting with and without pathological fracture.
265. A diagnostic study evaluating radiographic characteristics that differentiate fibrous cortical defect from non-ossifying fibroma.
266. An observer-agreement study of radiographic assessment of lesion size, cortical thinning and fracture risk in non-ossifying fibroma.
267. A retrospective study of natural radiographic evolution of non-ossifying fibroma using serial imaging available during routine follow-up.
268. A cross-sectional study of pain in patients with non-ossifying fibroma and its relationship with lesion dimensions and anatomical site.
269. A retrospective observational study of conservatively managed pathological fractures through non-ossifying fibroma and their short-term healing outcomes.
270. A comparative study of conservative versus operative management of pathological fractures associated with large non-ossifying fibromas.
271. A study of indications and short-term outcomes of curettage and bone grafting in symptomatic or structurally significant non-ossifying fibroma.
272. A prospective observational study of radiographic cavity healing following curettage of non-ossifying fibroma.
273. A correlation study between percentage transverse bone involvement and clinical decision for prophylactic surgery.
274. A cross-sectional study of multiple non-ossifying fibromas and associated skeletal or systemic findings.
275. A study of functional impairment in patients with large periarticular non-ossifying fibromas.
276. A comparative study of lesions involving the distal femur and proximal tibia with respect to fracture risk and treatment strategy.
277. A retrospective study of early recurrence or persistence following curettage of non-ossifying fibroma.
278. A clinicoradiological correlation study of non-ossifying fibroma stage and histological appearance.
279. A diagnostic accuracy study of plain radiography for identifying typical non-ossifying fibroma without need for advanced imaging.
280. Development of a simple fracture-risk stratification system for non-ossifying fibroma based on lesion length, transverse diameter and cortical thickness.

Benign Fibro-Osseous Lesions and Ossifying Fibroma

281. A cross-sectional study of demographic profile, anatomical distribution and radiological features of benign fibro-osseous bone lesions presenting to orthopaedic practice.
282. A comparative study of fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma with respect to age, symptoms, anatomical location and imaging characteristics.
283. A diagnostic imaging study evaluating radiographic and CT features useful in differentiating ossifying fibroma from fibrous dysplasia.
284. An observer-agreement study of radiographic features used to classify benign fibro-osseous lesions.
285. A clinicopathological correlation study of imaging patterns and histological findings in benign fibro-osseous lesions.
286. A correlation study between lesion size and local swelling or functional impairment in patients with ossifying fibroma.
287. A retrospective observational study of curettage or excision of ossifying fibroma and short-term functional outcomes.
288. A prospective study of radiographic bone healing following surgical treatment of benign fibro-osseous lesions.
289. A comparative study of bone grafting and bone-substitute use after curettage of benign fibro-osseous lesions.
290. A study of early complications following surgery for fibro-osseous lesions in long bones.
291. A retrospective study of early local recurrence after curettage of ossifying fibroma and associated lesion features.
292. A cross-sectional study of deformity caused by expansile fibro-osseous lesions and its effect on adjacent joint function.
293. A correlation study between cortical expansion and operative difficulty in benign fibro-osseous lesions.
294. A comparative study of upper-limb and lower-limb fibro-osseous lesions with respect to presentation and treatment.
295. A study of diagnostic concordance between radiology, pathology and final multidisciplinary diagnosis in benign fibro-osseous lesions.
296. A cross-sectional study of incidental benign fibro-osseous lesions identified during evaluation of trauma.
297. A comparative study of symptomatic and asymptomatic fibro-osseous lesions with respect to imaging aggressiveness.
298. A diagnostic study of MRI features that may lead to overdiagnosis of benign fibro-osseous lesions as malignant tumours.
299. A retrospective analysis of unnecessary biopsy or referral in radiographically typical benign fibro-osseous lesions.
300. Development of a clinicoradiological diagnostic pathway for common benign fibro-osseous lesions encountered in orthopaedic practice.

Intraosseous Lipoma, Hemangioma and Other Rare Benign Bone Tumours

301. A retrospective study of demographic profile, anatomical distribution and radiological presentation of intraosseous lipoma in a tertiary-care orthopaedic centre.
302. A diagnostic imaging study evaluating CT and MRI features characteristic of intraosseous lipoma.
303. A comparative study of symptomatic and incidentally detected intraosseous lipomas with respect to size, site and imaging characteristics.
304. A correlation study between lesion size and pain severity in patients with intraosseous lipoma.
305. A retrospective observational study of conservative versus surgical management of intraosseous lipoma and short-term clinical outcome.
306. A study of postoperative cavity healing following curettage and bone grafting for symptomatic intraosseous lipoma.
307. A retrospective study of vertebral hemangioma detected incidentally on spinal imaging and its clinical significance.
308. A comparative study of typical and atypical vertebral hemangiomas based on CT and MRI characteristics.
309. A diagnostic imaging study evaluating features that distinguish benign vertebral hemangioma from malignant vertebral lesions.
310. An observer-agreement study of MRI classification of vertebral hemangioma among radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons.
311. A cross-sectional study of pain and neurological symptoms in patients with vertebral hemangioma and their association with imaging features.
312. A retrospective study of treatment approaches and short-term outcomes in symptomatic aggressive vertebral hemangioma.
313. A study of benign vascular bone lesions involving appendicular skeleton and their clinicoradiological profile.
314. A comparative study of intraosseous hemangioma and other benign lytic bone lesions using plain radiography and MRI.
315. A retrospective analysis of rare benign bone tumours encountered over a defined period in a tertiary orthopaedic oncology unit.
316. A clinicopathological correlation study of uncommon benign bone tumours with atypical radiological presentations.
317. A study of diagnostic discrepancy between initial imaging impression and final histopathological diagnosis in rare benign bone lesions.
318. A cross-sectional study of functional impairment associated with rare benign bone tumours located near major joints.
319. A study of the indications for biopsy in unusual benign-appearing bone lesions and the diagnostic yield of image-guided biopsy.
320. Development of a diagnostic decision framework for rare benign bone lesions based on age, anatomical site, matrix pattern and imaging morphology.

Benign Bone Tumours of the Hand and Foot

321. A cross-sectional study of the spectrum, anatomical distribution and clinical presentation of benign bone tumours involving the hand.
322. A comparative study of benign bone tumours of the hand and foot with respect to histological type, symptoms and treatment requirements.
323. A retrospective study of enchondroma as the common benign bone tumour of the hand with emphasis on pathological fracture and functional limitation.
324. A correlation study between lesion size and grip strength impairment in patients with benign bone tumours of the hand.
325. A study of pathological fractures through benign bone tumours of the phalanges and metacarpals and their short-term functional outcomes.
326. A comparative study of immediate versus delayed tumour curettage following pathological fracture in benign bone tumours of the hand.
327. A prospective observational study of hand function, grip strength and range of motion after curettage and bone grafting of benign hand tumours.
328. A study of postoperative stiffness after surgery for benign bone tumours of the fingers and associated risk factors.
329. A cross-sectional study of benign bone tumours of the foot and ankle and their relationship with weight-bearing pain.
330. A comparative study of calcaneal and talar benign bone lesions with respect to imaging features and functional impact.
331. A diagnostic imaging study of benign lytic lesions in the calcaneus using plain radiography and MRI.
332. A study of fracture risk in benign cystic lesions of the calcaneus based on lesion size and critical-location criteria.
333. A retrospective study of surgical treatment of symptomatic calcaneal benign bone lesions and early weight-bearing outcomes.
334. A comparative study of autologous bone graft and synthetic substitute in cavity reconstruction after curettage of benign tumours of the hand and foot.
335. A correlation study of lesion proximity to articular surfaces with postoperative stiffness in benign bone tumours of small bones.
336. An observer-agreement study of radiographic assessment of benign cartilaginous tumours of the hand.
337. A comparative study of functional outcomes after treatment of benign tumours in dominant versus non-dominant hand.
338. A study of diagnostic delays in benign bone tumours of the foot presenting as chronic unexplained pain.
339. A retrospective study of early local recurrence following curettage of benign hand and foot tumours.
340. Development of a site-specific treatment algorithm for benign bone tumours of the hand and foot based on fracture risk, symptoms and functional impairment.

Benign Bone Tumours Around the Knee

341. A cross-sectional study of the spectrum and relative frequency of benign bone tumours occurring around the knee in a tertiary-care orthopaedic oncology service.
342. A comparative study of distal femoral and proximal tibial benign bone tumours with respect to histology, presentation and radiographic characteristics.
343. A correlation study between tumour size and knee range-of-motion restriction in patients with benign periarticular bone tumours.
344. A cross-sectional analytical study of pain, swelling and functional impairment associated with benign bone tumours around the knee.
345. A comparative study of epiphyseal, metaphyseal and surface lesions around the knee with respect to age and imaging features.
346. A diagnostic imaging study evaluating the ability of plain radiographs to correctly categorize common benign bone tumours around the knee.
347. An observer-agreement study of radiographic diagnosis of common benign bone tumours around the knee among orthopaedic trainees.
348. A correlation study of lesion proximity to the articular surface with preoperative functional disability in benign periarticular tumours around the knee.
349. A retrospective study of surgical management of benign bone tumours around the knee and early postoperative complications.
350. A prospective observational study of pain, knee range of motion and functional recovery within six months after curettage of benign tumours around the knee.
351. A comparative study of bone graft versus bone cement reconstruction after curettage of benign tumours around the knee.
352. A study of subchondral bone preservation and its relationship with early postoperative knee function after curettage of periarticular tumours.
353. A comparative study of early weight-bearing protocols after curettage and reconstruction of benign bone tumours around the knee.
354. A study of prophylactic internal fixation after curettage of large benign lesions around the knee and factors influencing its use.
355. A retrospective study of pathological fractures through benign bone tumours around the knee and their impact on treatment strategy.
356. A comparative study of functional outcomes in benign periarticular tumours presenting with versus without pathological fracture.
357. A study of short-term postoperative stiffness following surgery for benign bone tumours around the knee.
358. A correlation study between tumour cavity volume and time to independent ambulation after curettage.
359. A comparative study of patient-reported outcome scores before and after treatment of benign bone tumours around the knee.
360. Development of a periarticular tumour severity score incorporating lesion size, subchondral involvement, fracture risk and functional limitation.

Benign Bone Tumours of the Spine and Pelvis

361. A retrospective study of the spectrum, anatomical distribution and clinical presentation of benign bone tumours involving the spine.
362. A comparative study of benign spinal tumours presenting with axial pain alone versus those presenting with neurological symptoms.
363. A correlation study between spinal tumour location and neurological impairment in patients with benign vertebral bone lesions.
364. A diagnostic imaging study of CT and MRI characteristics of benign spinal bone tumours.
365. An observer-agreement study of radiological interpretation of benign vertebral bone lesions among orthopaedic surgeons and radiologists.
366. A retrospective study of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma of the spine with emphasis on diagnostic delay and secondary spinal deformity.
367. A correlation study of symptom duration with scoliosis severity in patients with spinal osteoid osteoma or osteoblastoma.
368. A study of short-term neurological and pain outcomes following surgery for symptomatic benign spinal bone tumours.
369. A retrospective observational study of benign bone tumours of the pelvis and their clinical presentation.
370. A comparative study of benign pelvic and appendicular bone tumours with respect to diagnostic delay and lesion size at presentation.
371. A diagnostic imaging study of pelvic benign bone lesions with emphasis on matrix pattern, cortical integrity and soft-tissue extension.
372. A study of factors associated with biopsy requirement in indeterminate benign-appearing pelvic bone lesions.
373. A retrospective study of curettage or excision of symptomatic benign pelvic bone tumours and early functional outcomes.
374. A correlation study of pelvic tumour location with gait disturbance and hip range-of-motion limitation.
375. A study of intraoperative blood loss and surgical complexity in benign pelvic tumours according to anatomical zone.
376. A comparative study of functional outcomes after surgery for acetabular versus non-acetabular benign pelvic lesions.
377. A cross-sectional study of quality of life and activity limitation in patients with benign spinal or pelvic bone tumours.
378. A clinicopathological correlation study of atypical benign spinal and pelvic bone lesions.
379. A retrospective study of diagnostic errors in benign spinal and pelvic bone tumours and the factors contributing to delayed referral.
380. Development of an imaging-based clinical pathway for evaluation of benign-appearing spinal and pelvic bone lesions.

Pathological Fracture in Benign Bone Tumours

381. A cross-sectional analytical study of the frequency, anatomical distribution and tumour types associated with pathological fractures through benign bone lesions.
382. A case-control study of clinical and radiographic risk factors associated with pathological fracture in patients with benign bone tumours.
383. A correlation study between lesion-to-bone diameter ratio and pathological fracture occurrence in benign long-bone tumours.
384. A study of cortical thickness and lesion length as radiographic predictors of pathological fracture in benign bone tumours.
385. A comparative study of patients with benign bone tumours presenting with versus without pathological fracture with respect to age, site and lesion characteristics.
386. A retrospective study of conservative management of pathological fractures through selected benign bone lesions and short-term fracture-healing outcomes.
387. A comparative study of immediate tumour surgery versus delayed definitive surgery after fracture healing in patients with pathological fracture through benign bone tumours.
388. A study of indications for prophylactic fixation in large benign bone lesions at risk of fracture.
389. A comparative study of functional outcomes after curettage with versus without prophylactic internal fixation in benign long-bone tumours.
390. A correlation study between Mirels-type clinical parameters adapted for benign lesions and actual fracture occurrence.
391. A study of pathological fracture in giant cell tumour and its association with Campanacci grade, cortical destruction and soft-tissue extension.
392. A study of pathological fracture risk in aneurysmal bone cyst and simple bone cyst using lesion morphology and cortical involvement.
393. A study of pathological fracture in enchondroma of the hand and its relationship with lesion length and transverse bone involvement.
394. A study of postoperative fracture following curettage of benign bone tumours and associated cavity or fixation-related factors.
395. A prospective observational study of return to weight bearing and functional activity after treatment of pathological fractures through benign bone tumours.
396. A comparative study of radiographic healing in pathological fractures associated with cystic versus solid benign bone lesions.
397. A study of patient-reported functional recovery after pathological fracture through benign bone tumours of the lower limb.
398. A retrospective study of complications following fixation of pathological fractures associated with benign bone tumours.
399. A diagnostic study evaluating simple radiographic fracture-risk indices for benign bone lesions of long bones.
400. Development and internal validation of a practical fracture-risk prediction model for benign bone tumours using lesion size, cortical involvement, anatomical location, pain and activity level.